NURS 2030 PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED RATIONALES 2026
> objective? Answer:you can see the object
> subjective? Answer:coming from that subject
> types of knowledge? Answer:-science (observing, identifying, describing,
investigating, and explaining events and occurences that are perceived in
world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the
processes used to develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about
a desired result)
> goals of nursing research? Answer:-improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics,
nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
> deductive reasoning? Answer:examines a general idea and then
considers specific actions or ideas
> inductive reasoning? Answer:one builds from specific ideas or actions to
conclusions about general ideas
> health? Answer:a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
> illness? Answer:the unique response of a person to a disease; an
abnormal process involving changed level of functioning
> wellness? Answer:an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle
promoting good physical, mental, and emotional health
,> nursing theory? Answer:differentiates nursing from other disciplines and
activities in that it serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting,
and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices
> evidence-based practice (EBP)? Answer:a problem-solving approach to
making clinical decisions, using the best evidence available; blends both
science and art of nursing so best outcomes are achieved; may consist of
specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for the care of
patients
> steps in implementing EBP? Answer:Step 1: ask a question about a
clinical area of interest or an intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient preferences,
and values in making a decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
> human dimensions that compose the whole person? Answer:physical,
intellectual, environmental, spiritual, sociocultural, and emotional
> acute illness? Answer:rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short
time; examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
> chronic illness? Answer:slow onset, characteristics: permanent change,
caused by change in anatomy, requires special patient education, long
period of care or support; examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung
diseases, and arthritis
> stages-of-illness behaviors? Answer:Stage 1: experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: assuming the sick role
Stage 3: assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery and rehabilitation
> primary health promotion? Answer:directed towards PROMOTING health
and PREVENTING the development of disease processes or injury;
example: immunization clinic, family planning services, accident prevention
education
, > secondary health promotion? Answer:focus on SCREENING for early
detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found;
example: assessing children for normal growth and development and
encourage regular medical, dental and vision exams
> tertiary health promotion? Answer:after an illness is diagnosed and
treated;
example: teaching a patient with diabetes how to recognize and prevent
complications, refer woman to support group after removal of breast due to
cancer
> maslow hierarchy of needs? Answer:provides a framework for nursing
assessment and for understanding the needs of patients at all levels; many
nursing interventions are aimed at meeting patients' basic human needs
> Maslows level 1: physiologic needs? Answer:oxygen, food, water, sex,
rest, physical activity; physiologic needs are highest priority
> Maslows level 2: safety and security needs? Answer:both physical and
emotional components; being protected from potential or actual harm
> Maslows level 3: love and belonging needs? Answer:often called higher-
level needs; understanding and acceptance of others in both giving and
receiving love; feeling of belonging; unmet needs produce loneliness and
isolation
> Maslows level 4: self-esteem needs? Answer:need for a person to feel
good about oneself, to feel pride and a sense of accomplishment, and to
believe that others also respect and appreciate those accomplishments;
positive self-esteem facilitates the person's confidence and independence
> Maslows level 5: Self-Actualization? Answer:acceptance of self and
others as they are; each lower level must be met; focus of interest on
problems outside oneself; respect for all people; focus on strengths and
possibilities vs problems
> autonomy? Answer:respect rights of patients to make health care
decisions
> nonmaleficence? Answer:avoid causing harm
DETAILED RATIONALES 2026
> objective? Answer:you can see the object
> subjective? Answer:coming from that subject
> types of knowledge? Answer:-science (observing, identifying, describing,
investigating, and explaining events and occurences that are perceived in
world)
-philosophy (the study of wisdom, fundamental knowledge, and the
processes used to develop and construct on perception on life)
-process (a series of actions, changes, or functions intended to bring about
a desired result)
> goals of nursing research? Answer:-improve care in clinical setting
-study ppl and nurse process: education, policy development, ethics,
nursing history
-develop greater autonomy and strength as a profession
-provide evidence-based nursing practice
> deductive reasoning? Answer:examines a general idea and then
considers specific actions or ideas
> inductive reasoning? Answer:one builds from specific ideas or actions to
conclusions about general ideas
> health? Answer:a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
> illness? Answer:the unique response of a person to a disease; an
abnormal process involving changed level of functioning
> wellness? Answer:an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle
promoting good physical, mental, and emotional health
,> nursing theory? Answer:differentiates nursing from other disciplines and
activities in that it serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting,
and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices
> evidence-based practice (EBP)? Answer:a problem-solving approach to
making clinical decisions, using the best evidence available; blends both
science and art of nursing so best outcomes are achieved; may consist of
specific nursing interventions or use guidelines established for the care of
patients
> steps in implementing EBP? Answer:Step 1: ask a question about a
clinical area of interest or an intervention
Step 2: collect the most relevant and best evidence
Step 3: Critically appraise the evidence
Step 4: integrate the evidence w/ clinical expertise, patient preferences,
and values in making a decision to change
Step 5: evaluate the practice decision or change
> human dimensions that compose the whole person? Answer:physical,
intellectual, environmental, spiritual, sociocultural, and emotional
> acute illness? Answer:rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a short
time; examples: cold, diarrhea, pneumonia, appendicitis
> chronic illness? Answer:slow onset, characteristics: permanent change,
caused by change in anatomy, requires special patient education, long
period of care or support; examples: heart disease, diabetes, lung
diseases, and arthritis
> stages-of-illness behaviors? Answer:Stage 1: experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: assuming the sick role
Stage 3: assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery and rehabilitation
> primary health promotion? Answer:directed towards PROMOTING health
and PREVENTING the development of disease processes or injury;
example: immunization clinic, family planning services, accident prevention
education
, > secondary health promotion? Answer:focus on SCREENING for early
detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found;
example: assessing children for normal growth and development and
encourage regular medical, dental and vision exams
> tertiary health promotion? Answer:after an illness is diagnosed and
treated;
example: teaching a patient with diabetes how to recognize and prevent
complications, refer woman to support group after removal of breast due to
cancer
> maslow hierarchy of needs? Answer:provides a framework for nursing
assessment and for understanding the needs of patients at all levels; many
nursing interventions are aimed at meeting patients' basic human needs
> Maslows level 1: physiologic needs? Answer:oxygen, food, water, sex,
rest, physical activity; physiologic needs are highest priority
> Maslows level 2: safety and security needs? Answer:both physical and
emotional components; being protected from potential or actual harm
> Maslows level 3: love and belonging needs? Answer:often called higher-
level needs; understanding and acceptance of others in both giving and
receiving love; feeling of belonging; unmet needs produce loneliness and
isolation
> Maslows level 4: self-esteem needs? Answer:need for a person to feel
good about oneself, to feel pride and a sense of accomplishment, and to
believe that others also respect and appreciate those accomplishments;
positive self-esteem facilitates the person's confidence and independence
> Maslows level 5: Self-Actualization? Answer:acceptance of self and
others as they are; each lower level must be met; focus of interest on
problems outside oneself; respect for all people; focus on strengths and
possibilities vs problems
> autonomy? Answer:respect rights of patients to make health care
decisions
> nonmaleficence? Answer:avoid causing harm
