PSYCH 605 exam Questions with
Verified Answers
stressor - ANSWERSany event or situation that triggers coping adjustments
stress - ANSWERSthe process by which we perceive and respond to events that we
appraise as threatening or challenging
crowding - ANSWERSa psychological state in which people believe that they do not
have enough space to function as they wish
social-evaluative threat - ANSWERSa stressor in which people fear negative evaluation
by others of their appearance or ability
stereotype threat - ANSWERSthe experience of stress in a situation where a person's
ability, appearance, or other characteristic has the potential to confirm a negative
viewpoint about his or her social group
burnout - ANSWERSa job-related state of physical and psychological exhaustion
acculturation - ANSWERSthe process by which a member of one ethnic or racial group
adopts the values, customs and behaviors of another
sympatho-adreno-medullary (SAM) system - ANSWERSthe body's initial rapid-acting
response to stress, involving the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the
adrenal medulla under the direction of the sympathetic nervous system
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system - ANSWERSbody's delayed
response to stress, involving the secretion of corticosteroid hormones from the adrenal
cortex
corticosteroids - ANSWERShormones produced by the adrenal cortex that fight
inflammation, promote healing, and trigger the release of stored energy
ecological momentary assessment (EMA) - ANSWERSa method of measuring stress
that involves repeated sampling of people's behaviors and experiences in real time, and
in their natural environment
psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) - ANSWERSthe field of research that emphasizes the
interaction of psychological, neural, and immunological processes in stress and illness
, allostatic load (allostasis) - ANSWERSthe cumulative long-term effects of the body's
physiological response to stress
glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) resistance model - ANSWERSthe idea that chronic stress
promotes the development and progression of disease by reducing the sensitivity of
immune system receptors to glucocorticoid hormones such as cortisol, thereby
interfering with the body's ability to regulate the inflammatory response
general adaptation syndrome (GAS) - ANSWERSSelye's term for the body's reaction to
stress, which consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
transactional model - ANSWERSLazarus's theory that the experience of stress depends
as much on the individual's cognitive appraisal of a potential stressor's impact as it does
on the event or situation itself
primary appraisal - ANSWERSa person's initial determination of an event's meaning,
whether irrelevant, benign-positive, or threatening
secondary appraisal - ANSWERSa person's determination of whether his or her own
resources and abilities are sufficient to meet the demands of an event that is appraised
as potentially threatening or challenging
cognitive reappraisal - ANSWERSthe process by which potentially stressful events are
constantly reevaluated
diathesis-stress model - ANSWERSthe model that proposes that two interacting factors
determine an individual's susceptibility to stress and illness: predisposing factors in the
person (genetic vulnerability) and precipitating factors form the environment (traumatic
experiences)
reactivity - ANSWERSour physiological reaction to stress, which varies by individual
and affects our vulnerability to illness
tend-and-befriend - ANSWERSa behavioral response to stress that is focused on
protecting offspring (tending) and seeking others for mutual defense (befriending)
subjective well-being - ANSWERSthe cognitive and emotional evaluations of a person's
life
coping - ANSWERSthe cognitive, behavioral, and emotional ways in which we manage
stressful situations
approach (vigilant) coping - ANSWERSa coping strategy that directly confronts a
stressor and attempts to develop a solution
Verified Answers
stressor - ANSWERSany event or situation that triggers coping adjustments
stress - ANSWERSthe process by which we perceive and respond to events that we
appraise as threatening or challenging
crowding - ANSWERSa psychological state in which people believe that they do not
have enough space to function as they wish
social-evaluative threat - ANSWERSa stressor in which people fear negative evaluation
by others of their appearance or ability
stereotype threat - ANSWERSthe experience of stress in a situation where a person's
ability, appearance, or other characteristic has the potential to confirm a negative
viewpoint about his or her social group
burnout - ANSWERSa job-related state of physical and psychological exhaustion
acculturation - ANSWERSthe process by which a member of one ethnic or racial group
adopts the values, customs and behaviors of another
sympatho-adreno-medullary (SAM) system - ANSWERSthe body's initial rapid-acting
response to stress, involving the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the
adrenal medulla under the direction of the sympathetic nervous system
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system - ANSWERSbody's delayed
response to stress, involving the secretion of corticosteroid hormones from the adrenal
cortex
corticosteroids - ANSWERShormones produced by the adrenal cortex that fight
inflammation, promote healing, and trigger the release of stored energy
ecological momentary assessment (EMA) - ANSWERSa method of measuring stress
that involves repeated sampling of people's behaviors and experiences in real time, and
in their natural environment
psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) - ANSWERSthe field of research that emphasizes the
interaction of psychological, neural, and immunological processes in stress and illness
, allostatic load (allostasis) - ANSWERSthe cumulative long-term effects of the body's
physiological response to stress
glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) resistance model - ANSWERSthe idea that chronic stress
promotes the development and progression of disease by reducing the sensitivity of
immune system receptors to glucocorticoid hormones such as cortisol, thereby
interfering with the body's ability to regulate the inflammatory response
general adaptation syndrome (GAS) - ANSWERSSelye's term for the body's reaction to
stress, which consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
transactional model - ANSWERSLazarus's theory that the experience of stress depends
as much on the individual's cognitive appraisal of a potential stressor's impact as it does
on the event or situation itself
primary appraisal - ANSWERSa person's initial determination of an event's meaning,
whether irrelevant, benign-positive, or threatening
secondary appraisal - ANSWERSa person's determination of whether his or her own
resources and abilities are sufficient to meet the demands of an event that is appraised
as potentially threatening or challenging
cognitive reappraisal - ANSWERSthe process by which potentially stressful events are
constantly reevaluated
diathesis-stress model - ANSWERSthe model that proposes that two interacting factors
determine an individual's susceptibility to stress and illness: predisposing factors in the
person (genetic vulnerability) and precipitating factors form the environment (traumatic
experiences)
reactivity - ANSWERSour physiological reaction to stress, which varies by individual
and affects our vulnerability to illness
tend-and-befriend - ANSWERSa behavioral response to stress that is focused on
protecting offspring (tending) and seeking others for mutual defense (befriending)
subjective well-being - ANSWERSthe cognitive and emotional evaluations of a person's
life
coping - ANSWERSthe cognitive, behavioral, and emotional ways in which we manage
stressful situations
approach (vigilant) coping - ANSWERSa coping strategy that directly confronts a
stressor and attempts to develop a solution
