EDF 6222 Exam 1 & 2 Questions with Correct
Answers
Parsimony - CORRECT ANSWER -look for the simplest explanation possible
What is science? - CORRECT ANSWER -an attempt to discover order, and to
display lawful relations
Determinism - CORRECT ANSWER -The universe is a lawful and orderly place
What does it mean to be scientifically skeptical? - CORRECT ANSWER -that
assumptions should not be made until evidence is available
How do you reduce observer bias? - CORRECT ANSWER -by ensuring
interobserver agreement
Guidelines for gathering evidence - CORRECT ANSWER -- reducing observer
bias
- examining experimental control
-replication
- self-correction
What is behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER -philosophy of the science of
human behavior
,What does structuralism rely on? - CORRECT ANSWER -introspection
Structuralism - CORRECT ANSWER -the science of human behavior permits
introspection to explain the conscious mind
Methodological behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER -A philosophical position
that views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the
realm of science. And relied on logical positivism
-does not consider private events -came from psychophysical parallelism
Psychophysical parallelism - CORRECT ANSWER --mental events can cause
only mental events
-physical events can cause only physical events
What did normand present? - CORRECT ANSWER --importance of objective,
empirical science
-being skeptical does not equate being cynical: withhold judgement until
sufficient evidence is presented, and examine available evidence before
making a decision
Characteristics of pseudoscience - CORRECT ANSWER --can't be proven false
-anecdotal evidence
, How is science self-correcting? - CORRECT ANSWER -through replication
What is the credo of helping professionals? - CORRECT ANSWER -do no harm
Explanatory fictions - CORRECT ANSWER -socially approved ways for
explaining behavior that violates parsimony
Classical Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER -S-R behavioism that does not
account for consequences or private events
Reflex - CORRECT ANSWER -behavior controlled by external agents
Who studied conditioned reflexes - CORRECT ANSWER -Pavlov
How did pavlov avoid mentalistic and explanatory fictions? - CORRECT
ANSWER -by controlling conditions that allowed him to show stimuli can be
conditioned
Evolutionary explanation for reflexes? - CORRECT ANSWER -for survival of
the organism
Conditioning can never fashion a _____ - CORRECT ANSWER -novel response
Answers
Parsimony - CORRECT ANSWER -look for the simplest explanation possible
What is science? - CORRECT ANSWER -an attempt to discover order, and to
display lawful relations
Determinism - CORRECT ANSWER -The universe is a lawful and orderly place
What does it mean to be scientifically skeptical? - CORRECT ANSWER -that
assumptions should not be made until evidence is available
How do you reduce observer bias? - CORRECT ANSWER -by ensuring
interobserver agreement
Guidelines for gathering evidence - CORRECT ANSWER -- reducing observer
bias
- examining experimental control
-replication
- self-correction
What is behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER -philosophy of the science of
human behavior
,What does structuralism rely on? - CORRECT ANSWER -introspection
Structuralism - CORRECT ANSWER -the science of human behavior permits
introspection to explain the conscious mind
Methodological behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER -A philosophical position
that views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside the
realm of science. And relied on logical positivism
-does not consider private events -came from psychophysical parallelism
Psychophysical parallelism - CORRECT ANSWER --mental events can cause
only mental events
-physical events can cause only physical events
What did normand present? - CORRECT ANSWER --importance of objective,
empirical science
-being skeptical does not equate being cynical: withhold judgement until
sufficient evidence is presented, and examine available evidence before
making a decision
Characteristics of pseudoscience - CORRECT ANSWER --can't be proven false
-anecdotal evidence
, How is science self-correcting? - CORRECT ANSWER -through replication
What is the credo of helping professionals? - CORRECT ANSWER -do no harm
Explanatory fictions - CORRECT ANSWER -socially approved ways for
explaining behavior that violates parsimony
Classical Behaviorism - CORRECT ANSWER -S-R behavioism that does not
account for consequences or private events
Reflex - CORRECT ANSWER -behavior controlled by external agents
Who studied conditioned reflexes - CORRECT ANSWER -Pavlov
How did pavlov avoid mentalistic and explanatory fictions? - CORRECT
ANSWER -by controlling conditions that allowed him to show stimuli can be
conditioned
Evolutionary explanation for reflexes? - CORRECT ANSWER -for survival of
the organism
Conditioning can never fashion a _____ - CORRECT ANSWER -novel response
