RESPIRATORY SYSTEM NCLEX PRACTICE QUESTIONS (NGN) |
COMPLETE PULMONARY DISORDERS Q&A | DETAILED
RATIONALES | 2025 UPDATED | GUARANTEED PASS PREP
1. THE CLIENT IS ASKING THE NURSE A QUESTION REGARDING THE MANTOUX TEST FOR
TUBERCULOSIS. THE NURSE SHOULD BASE HER RESPONSE ON THE FACT THAT THE:
A. AREA OF REDNESS IS MEASURED IN 3 DAYS AND DETERMINES WHETHER TUBERCULOSIS IS
PRESENT.
B. SKIN TEST DOESN'T DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ACTIVE AND DORMANT TUBERCULOSIS
INFECTION.
C. PRESENCE OF A WHEAL AT THE INJECTION SITE IN 2 DAYS INDICATES ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS.
D. TEST STIMULATES A REDDENED RESPONSE IN SOME CLIENTS AND REQUIRES A SECOND TEST
IN 3 MONTHS.
1. CORRECT ANS: B
THE MANTOUX TEST DOESN'T DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ACTIVE AND DORMANT INFECTIONS. IF
A POSITIVE REACTION OCCURS, A SPUTUM SMEAR AND CULTURE AS WELL AS A CHEST X-RAY
ARE NECESSARY TO PROVIDE MORE INFORMATION. ALTHOUGH THE AREA OF REDNESS IS
MEASURED IN 3 DAYS, A SECOND TEST MAY BE NEEDED; NEITHER TEST INDICATES THAT
TUBERCULOSIS IS ACTIVE. IN THE MANTOUX TEST, AN INDURATION 5 TO 9 MM IN DIAMETER
INDICATES A BORDERLINE REACTION; A LARGER INDURATION INDICATES A POSITIVE REACTION.
THE PRESENCE OF A WHEAL WITHIN 2 DAYS DOESN'T INDICATE ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS.
2. A CLIENT HOSPITALIZED WITH A PNEUMOTHORAX HAS THE FOLLOWING ARTERIAL BLOOD
GAS (ABG) ANALYSIS: PH, 7.19; PARTIAL PRESSURE OF ARTERIAL CARBON DIOXIDE (PACO2), 63
MM HG; AND HCO3-, 22 MEQ/L. A CHEST TUBE WAS INSERTED AND OXYGEN ADMINISTERED AT
4 L/MINUTE BY NASAL CANNULA. ONE HOUR AFTER THE INITIATION OF TREATMENT, ABG
ANALYSIS REVEALS: PH, 7.28; PACO2, 52 MM HG; AND HCO3-, 22 MEQ/L. THIS CHANGE IN ABG
ANALYSIS INDICATES:
, A. RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS.
B. IMPENDING RESPIRATORY ARREST.
C. THE NEED FOR INTUBATION.
D. IMPROVED RESPIRATORY STATUS.
2. CORRECT ANS: D
THE ORIGINAL ABG ANALYSIS REVEALS RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS COMMONLY SEEN WITH A
PNEUMOTHORAX. AFTER CHEST TUBE INSERTION, THE CLIENT'S RESPIRATORY STATUS HAS
IMPROVED, PH IS INCREASING TOWARD NORMAL, AND THE PACO2 IS DECREASING. ABG
ANALYSIS IN RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS SHOWS AN ELEVATED PH AND A LOW PACO2.
ASSESSMENT FINDINGS ARE MORE IMPORTANT THAN ABG ANALYSIS IN DETERMINING
WHETHER THE CLIENT REQUIRES INTUBATION OR IF RESPIRATORY ARREST IS IMMINENT.
3. A CLIENT IS ADMITTED TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT WITH PULMONARY EDEMA. WHEN
PERFORMING THE ADMISSION ASSESSMENT, THE NURSE SHOULD EXPECT:
A. A DECREASED BLOOD PRESSURE
B. RADIATING ANTERIOR CHEST PAIN
C. A PULSE THAT IS WEAK AND RAPID
D. CRACKLES AT THE BASE OF EACH LUNG
3. CORRECT ANS: D
CRACKLES ARE THE SOUND OF AIR PASSING THROUGH FLUID IN THE ALVEOLAR SPACES; IN
PULMONARY EDEMA, FLUID MOVES FROM THE INTRAVASCULAR COMPARTMENT INTO THE
ALVEOLI.
COMPLETE PULMONARY DISORDERS Q&A | DETAILED
RATIONALES | 2025 UPDATED | GUARANTEED PASS PREP
1. THE CLIENT IS ASKING THE NURSE A QUESTION REGARDING THE MANTOUX TEST FOR
TUBERCULOSIS. THE NURSE SHOULD BASE HER RESPONSE ON THE FACT THAT THE:
A. AREA OF REDNESS IS MEASURED IN 3 DAYS AND DETERMINES WHETHER TUBERCULOSIS IS
PRESENT.
B. SKIN TEST DOESN'T DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ACTIVE AND DORMANT TUBERCULOSIS
INFECTION.
C. PRESENCE OF A WHEAL AT THE INJECTION SITE IN 2 DAYS INDICATES ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS.
D. TEST STIMULATES A REDDENED RESPONSE IN SOME CLIENTS AND REQUIRES A SECOND TEST
IN 3 MONTHS.
1. CORRECT ANS: B
THE MANTOUX TEST DOESN'T DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN ACTIVE AND DORMANT INFECTIONS. IF
A POSITIVE REACTION OCCURS, A SPUTUM SMEAR AND CULTURE AS WELL AS A CHEST X-RAY
ARE NECESSARY TO PROVIDE MORE INFORMATION. ALTHOUGH THE AREA OF REDNESS IS
MEASURED IN 3 DAYS, A SECOND TEST MAY BE NEEDED; NEITHER TEST INDICATES THAT
TUBERCULOSIS IS ACTIVE. IN THE MANTOUX TEST, AN INDURATION 5 TO 9 MM IN DIAMETER
INDICATES A BORDERLINE REACTION; A LARGER INDURATION INDICATES A POSITIVE REACTION.
THE PRESENCE OF A WHEAL WITHIN 2 DAYS DOESN'T INDICATE ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS.
2. A CLIENT HOSPITALIZED WITH A PNEUMOTHORAX HAS THE FOLLOWING ARTERIAL BLOOD
GAS (ABG) ANALYSIS: PH, 7.19; PARTIAL PRESSURE OF ARTERIAL CARBON DIOXIDE (PACO2), 63
MM HG; AND HCO3-, 22 MEQ/L. A CHEST TUBE WAS INSERTED AND OXYGEN ADMINISTERED AT
4 L/MINUTE BY NASAL CANNULA. ONE HOUR AFTER THE INITIATION OF TREATMENT, ABG
ANALYSIS REVEALS: PH, 7.28; PACO2, 52 MM HG; AND HCO3-, 22 MEQ/L. THIS CHANGE IN ABG
ANALYSIS INDICATES:
, A. RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS.
B. IMPENDING RESPIRATORY ARREST.
C. THE NEED FOR INTUBATION.
D. IMPROVED RESPIRATORY STATUS.
2. CORRECT ANS: D
THE ORIGINAL ABG ANALYSIS REVEALS RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS COMMONLY SEEN WITH A
PNEUMOTHORAX. AFTER CHEST TUBE INSERTION, THE CLIENT'S RESPIRATORY STATUS HAS
IMPROVED, PH IS INCREASING TOWARD NORMAL, AND THE PACO2 IS DECREASING. ABG
ANALYSIS IN RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS SHOWS AN ELEVATED PH AND A LOW PACO2.
ASSESSMENT FINDINGS ARE MORE IMPORTANT THAN ABG ANALYSIS IN DETERMINING
WHETHER THE CLIENT REQUIRES INTUBATION OR IF RESPIRATORY ARREST IS IMMINENT.
3. A CLIENT IS ADMITTED TO THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT WITH PULMONARY EDEMA. WHEN
PERFORMING THE ADMISSION ASSESSMENT, THE NURSE SHOULD EXPECT:
A. A DECREASED BLOOD PRESSURE
B. RADIATING ANTERIOR CHEST PAIN
C. A PULSE THAT IS WEAK AND RAPID
D. CRACKLES AT THE BASE OF EACH LUNG
3. CORRECT ANS: D
CRACKLES ARE THE SOUND OF AIR PASSING THROUGH FLUID IN THE ALVEOLAR SPACES; IN
PULMONARY EDEMA, FLUID MOVES FROM THE INTRAVASCULAR COMPARTMENT INTO THE
ALVEOLI.
