NR605 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
cognitive-behavioral gvtherapy gv- gvANSWERS---focus gvon gvhow gvwell gvindividuals
gvcan gvadapt gvcognitively gvand gvfunctionally gvto gvtheir gvenvironments
-short-term, gvstructured, gvgoal-oriented gvform gvof gvpsychotherapy
-stresses gvnecessity gvof gvchallenging gvmaladaptive gvthoughts gvthat gvlead gvto
gvbehavioral gvproblems
-first gvemerged gvin gv1955
-most gvwidely gvpracticed gvpsychotherapy
-help gvclients gvrecognize gvand gvaddress gvcognitive gvdistortions
• gvby gvAlbert gvEllis, gvwidely gvknown gvas gvthe gvgrandfather gvof gvcognitive
gvbehavior gvtherapy
-Beck
• gvoriginally gvtrained gvin gvpsychoanalysis, gvpioneered gvcognitive gvtherapy gvin gvthe
gv1960s, gvthrough gvhis gvresearch gvon gvdepression
• gvalso gvdeveloped gvthe gvpopular gvDepression gvInventory gvinstrument
CBT gvRelationship gvto gvNursing gvTheory gv- gvANSWERS---Orem's gvself-care
gvdeficit gvnursing gvtheory
• gvprovides gva gvframework gvto gvview gvCBT gvas gva gvsupportive gvintervention
• gvfosters gveffective gvself-care gvbehaviors
-Roy's gvAdaptation gvTheory
• gvpremise gvthat gvindividuals gvuse gvcoping gvmechanisms gvto gvadapt gvto gvstimuli,
gvboth gvinternal gvand gvexternal
• gvshare gvunderpinnings gvwith gvCBT.
Indications gvfor gvCBT gv- gvANSWERS---treatment gvof gva gvwide gvrange gvof
gvdiagnoses
• gvdepression
• gvanxiety gvdisorders
• gvsubstance gvuse gvdisorders
• gveating gvdisorders
• gvsevere gvmental gvillness
• gvPTSD
Principles gvof gvCBT gvinclude: gv- gvANSWERS---way gvan gvind gvcognitively
gvstructures gvthoughts gvabout gvself gv& gvthe gvworld gvdetermines gvhow gvthe gvind
gvfeels gv& gvbehaves
-Dysfunctional gvthoughts gvare gvrooted gvin gvirrational gvassumptions
-Dysfunctional gvthinking gvand gvlearned gvpatterns gvof gvmaladaptive gvbehavior
gvcontribute gvto gvpsychological gvproblems
,-Ind's gvcan gvlearn gvmore gvadaptive gvbehaviors gvwhich gvcan gvrelieve gvsymptoms
gv& gvimprove gvquality gvof gvlife
-CBT gvis gv(+) gv& gvstresses gvcollaboration gv& gvactive gvparticipation
-CBT gvincludes gvaction gvplans gvin gvthe gvform gvof gvtherapy gvhomework
Role gvof gvthe gvPsychotherapist gvin gvCBT gv- gvANSWERS---using gva gvstructured,
gvcollaborative gvapproach gvto gvhelp gvclients gvrecognize gvand gvreevaluate
gvcognitive gvdistortions
-help gvclients:
gv• gvbetter gvunderstand gvthe gvbehaviors gvof gvothers
• gvdevelop gvimproved gvcoping gvskills
-Psychoeducation
-Homework
• gvto gvhelp gvclients gvreinforce gv& gvbuild gvon gvwhat gvwas gvlearned gvduring gvthe
gvtherapy gvsession
motivational gvinterviewing gv(MI) gv- gvANSWERS---helps gvindividuals gvprepare gvfor
gvchange
-person-centered, gvevidence-based gvapproach gvto gvbehavior gvchange
-using gva gvcollaborative, gvgoal-oriented gvcommunication gvstyle
-empowers gvclients gvto gvdraw gvon gvtheir gvmeanings gv& gvcapacities gvto gvfacilitate
gvchange
• gvaddressing gvissues gvwith gvambivalence gvand gvresistance
-grew gvout gvof gvWilliam gvR. gvMiller's gvclinical gvpractice gvworking gvwith gvclients
gvwith gvsubstance gvuse gvdisorders gvin gvthe gv1980s
• gvcollaborated gvwith gvStephen gvRollnick gvto gvwrite gvbook: gvMotivational
gvinterviewing
Indications gvfor gvMI gv- gvANSWERS---reduction gvof gvsubstance gvuse gvand gvhealth
gvpromotion
-improving gvmedication gvadherence gvin gvclients gvwith gvschizophrenia
MI gvGuiding gvPrinciples gv- gvANSWERS---acceptance
-empathy
-compassion
-respect gvof gvclient gvautonomy
-acknowledgment gvof gvthe gvclient's gvstrengths gv& gvefforts
-Spirit gvof gvMI
• gvPartnership, gvcompassion, gvacceptance, gvevocation
MI gvRole gvof gvthe gvPsychotherapist gv- gvANSWERS--represented gvby gvthe
gvmnemonic gvRULE:
Resist gvthe gvrighting gvreflex
Understand gvthe gvpatient's gvmotivation
Listen gvto gvthe gvpatient
Empower gvthe gvpatient
OARS gv- gvANSWERS--Communication gvskills gvfor gvMI:
-Open gvquestions
,• gvcannot gvbe gvanswered gvwith gva gvyes gvor gvno, gvrequire gvelaboration
-Affirming
• gvprovide gvencouragement, gvare gv(+) gvcomments gvon gva gvclient's gvstrengths gvor
gvefforts
-Reflecting
• gvmirror gvthe gvcontent gvor gvfeelings gvexplicitly gvor gvimplicitly gvstated gvby gvthe
gvclient
• gvconvey gvempathy, gvdemonstrate gvlistening, gvhighlight gvemotions gv& gvbeliefs, gv•
gvprovide gvopportunities gvfor gvthe gvclient gvto gvelaborate gvon gvtheir gvconcerns
• gvempower gvclients gvto gvtake gvcontrol gvof gvthe gvconversation
• gvrecommended gvto gvuse gvat gvleast gvtwo gvreflections gvfor gvevery gvquestion
-Summarizing
• gvlinks gvtogether gvwhat gvhas gvbeen gvstated gvto gvhelp gvthe gvclient gvorganize
gvtheir gvexperiences
MI gvPhases gvof gvthe gvChange gvProcess gv- gvANSWERS---engagement
• gvestablishment gvof gvtrust gv& gva gvhelping gvrelationship gvbetween gvthe gvtherapist
gv& gvclient
• gvuses gvreflections gvthat gvcommunicate gvunderstanding
-focusing
• gvidentification gvof gvthe gvdirection gvor gvtarget gvof gvthe gvchange
• gvuses gvopen-ended gvquestions
-evoking
• gvidentifying gvthe gvclient's gvmotivation gvfor gvchange gvand gvevoking gvhope
• gvuses gvreflections gvand gvsummaries
-planning
• gvcreating gva gvplan gvfor gvchange
acceptance gvand gvcommitment gvtherapy gv(ACT) gv- gvANSWERS---helps
gvindividuals gvaccept gvlife's gvchallenges gvwhile gvfocusing gvon gvtheir gvvalues gvand
gvgoals
• gvlearning gvhow gvto gvrelate gvto gvthoughts gv& gvfeelings gvwhich gvimpact gvlife
gvrather gvthan gvchanging gvthose gvthoughts gv& gvfeelings
-referred gvto gvas gva gv"third gvwave" gvCBT gvtherapy
-Accepting gvreactions gvand gvbeing gvpresent
-Choosing gva gvvalued gvdirection
-Taking gvaction
-Used gvfor:
• gvdepression, gvanxiety, gvsubstance gvuse, gvchronic gvpain, gvtransdiagnostic
gvcombinations gvof gvconditions
solution-focused gvtherapy gv(SFT) gv- gvANSWERS---future-oriented gvapproach
, -helps gvclient gvID gvproblems gv& gvconstruct gvsolutions gvthat gvwill gvresult gvin
gvchange
-postmodern gvthinking
• gvreality gvis gvshaped gvby gvmultiple gvand gvconflicting gv"truths" gv& gvconstructed
gvthrough gvhuman gvinteraction
• gvthere gvare gvas gvmany gvstories gvof gvmeaning gvas gvthere gvare gvpeople gvinvolved
-fourth gvforce gvof gvpsychotherapy
• gvtranspersonal, gvgoing gvbeyond gvthe gvideas gvof gvhumanness, gvidentity, gvand
gvself-actualization
-client gvis gvconsidered gvto gvbe gvthe gvexpert gvof gvtheir gvlives
-focus gvfrom gvthe gvproblem gvto gvthe gvsolution
-grew gvout gvof gvthe gvwork gvat gvthe gvBrief gvFamily gvTherapy gvCenter gvin
gvMilwaukee gvin gvthe gv1970s
• gvinfluenced gvby gvmany gvpsychotherapists, gvwork gvat gvthe gvMental gvResearch
gvInstitute gvin gvCalifornia, gvand gvthe gvphilosophies gvof gvBuddhism gvand gvTaoism
solution-focused gvtherapy gvKey gvConcepts gvand gvthe gvRole gvof gvthe
gvPsychotherapist gv- gvANSWERS---Solutions gvtalk
• gvShift gvtalk gvfrom gvproblems gvto gvsolutions
-Positive gvorientation
• gvShift gvfocus gvfrom gvproblems gvto gvnew gvpossibilities
-Looking gvfor gvwhat gvis gvworking
• gvFocus gvon gvthe gvexceptions gvwithin gvproblem gvpatterns
Indications gvfor gvSFT gv- gvANSWERS---used gvfor gvindividual gvor gvgroup gvtherapy
gvacross gvsettings
• gvmarriage, gvfamily, gvand gvchild gvtherapies
• gvtrauma
• gvpostpartum gvdepression
• gvdepression
• gveating gvdisorders
• gvsevere gvmental gvillness
how gvSFT gvis gvused gvto gvalleviate gvanxiety gv- gvANSWERS--4-Step gvApproach
gvfor gvOvercoming gvAnxiety
-Identify gvthe gvmeaningful gvparts gvof gvlife gvthat gvthe gvanxiety gvis gvblocking.
-Shift gvthe gvfocus gvaway gvfrom gvthe gvanxiety gvitself gvtoward gvthe gvmeaningful
gvgoal.
-Create gva gvlist gvof gvpositive gvmessages gvthat gvwould gvmotivate gvyou gvtoward
gvthat gvgoal.
-Be gvgentle gvwith gvyourself gv- gvyou're gvnot gvalone. gvMany gvof gvthe gvpeople gvyou
gvmeet gvmay gvbe gvworking gvthrough gvsomething gvsimilar.
AND ANSWERS
cognitive-behavioral gvtherapy gv- gvANSWERS---focus gvon gvhow gvwell gvindividuals
gvcan gvadapt gvcognitively gvand gvfunctionally gvto gvtheir gvenvironments
-short-term, gvstructured, gvgoal-oriented gvform gvof gvpsychotherapy
-stresses gvnecessity gvof gvchallenging gvmaladaptive gvthoughts gvthat gvlead gvto
gvbehavioral gvproblems
-first gvemerged gvin gv1955
-most gvwidely gvpracticed gvpsychotherapy
-help gvclients gvrecognize gvand gvaddress gvcognitive gvdistortions
• gvby gvAlbert gvEllis, gvwidely gvknown gvas gvthe gvgrandfather gvof gvcognitive
gvbehavior gvtherapy
-Beck
• gvoriginally gvtrained gvin gvpsychoanalysis, gvpioneered gvcognitive gvtherapy gvin gvthe
gv1960s, gvthrough gvhis gvresearch gvon gvdepression
• gvalso gvdeveloped gvthe gvpopular gvDepression gvInventory gvinstrument
CBT gvRelationship gvto gvNursing gvTheory gv- gvANSWERS---Orem's gvself-care
gvdeficit gvnursing gvtheory
• gvprovides gva gvframework gvto gvview gvCBT gvas gva gvsupportive gvintervention
• gvfosters gveffective gvself-care gvbehaviors
-Roy's gvAdaptation gvTheory
• gvpremise gvthat gvindividuals gvuse gvcoping gvmechanisms gvto gvadapt gvto gvstimuli,
gvboth gvinternal gvand gvexternal
• gvshare gvunderpinnings gvwith gvCBT.
Indications gvfor gvCBT gv- gvANSWERS---treatment gvof gva gvwide gvrange gvof
gvdiagnoses
• gvdepression
• gvanxiety gvdisorders
• gvsubstance gvuse gvdisorders
• gveating gvdisorders
• gvsevere gvmental gvillness
• gvPTSD
Principles gvof gvCBT gvinclude: gv- gvANSWERS---way gvan gvind gvcognitively
gvstructures gvthoughts gvabout gvself gv& gvthe gvworld gvdetermines gvhow gvthe gvind
gvfeels gv& gvbehaves
-Dysfunctional gvthoughts gvare gvrooted gvin gvirrational gvassumptions
-Dysfunctional gvthinking gvand gvlearned gvpatterns gvof gvmaladaptive gvbehavior
gvcontribute gvto gvpsychological gvproblems
,-Ind's gvcan gvlearn gvmore gvadaptive gvbehaviors gvwhich gvcan gvrelieve gvsymptoms
gv& gvimprove gvquality gvof gvlife
-CBT gvis gv(+) gv& gvstresses gvcollaboration gv& gvactive gvparticipation
-CBT gvincludes gvaction gvplans gvin gvthe gvform gvof gvtherapy gvhomework
Role gvof gvthe gvPsychotherapist gvin gvCBT gv- gvANSWERS---using gva gvstructured,
gvcollaborative gvapproach gvto gvhelp gvclients gvrecognize gvand gvreevaluate
gvcognitive gvdistortions
-help gvclients:
gv• gvbetter gvunderstand gvthe gvbehaviors gvof gvothers
• gvdevelop gvimproved gvcoping gvskills
-Psychoeducation
-Homework
• gvto gvhelp gvclients gvreinforce gv& gvbuild gvon gvwhat gvwas gvlearned gvduring gvthe
gvtherapy gvsession
motivational gvinterviewing gv(MI) gv- gvANSWERS---helps gvindividuals gvprepare gvfor
gvchange
-person-centered, gvevidence-based gvapproach gvto gvbehavior gvchange
-using gva gvcollaborative, gvgoal-oriented gvcommunication gvstyle
-empowers gvclients gvto gvdraw gvon gvtheir gvmeanings gv& gvcapacities gvto gvfacilitate
gvchange
• gvaddressing gvissues gvwith gvambivalence gvand gvresistance
-grew gvout gvof gvWilliam gvR. gvMiller's gvclinical gvpractice gvworking gvwith gvclients
gvwith gvsubstance gvuse gvdisorders gvin gvthe gv1980s
• gvcollaborated gvwith gvStephen gvRollnick gvto gvwrite gvbook: gvMotivational
gvinterviewing
Indications gvfor gvMI gv- gvANSWERS---reduction gvof gvsubstance gvuse gvand gvhealth
gvpromotion
-improving gvmedication gvadherence gvin gvclients gvwith gvschizophrenia
MI gvGuiding gvPrinciples gv- gvANSWERS---acceptance
-empathy
-compassion
-respect gvof gvclient gvautonomy
-acknowledgment gvof gvthe gvclient's gvstrengths gv& gvefforts
-Spirit gvof gvMI
• gvPartnership, gvcompassion, gvacceptance, gvevocation
MI gvRole gvof gvthe gvPsychotherapist gv- gvANSWERS--represented gvby gvthe
gvmnemonic gvRULE:
Resist gvthe gvrighting gvreflex
Understand gvthe gvpatient's gvmotivation
Listen gvto gvthe gvpatient
Empower gvthe gvpatient
OARS gv- gvANSWERS--Communication gvskills gvfor gvMI:
-Open gvquestions
,• gvcannot gvbe gvanswered gvwith gva gvyes gvor gvno, gvrequire gvelaboration
-Affirming
• gvprovide gvencouragement, gvare gv(+) gvcomments gvon gva gvclient's gvstrengths gvor
gvefforts
-Reflecting
• gvmirror gvthe gvcontent gvor gvfeelings gvexplicitly gvor gvimplicitly gvstated gvby gvthe
gvclient
• gvconvey gvempathy, gvdemonstrate gvlistening, gvhighlight gvemotions gv& gvbeliefs, gv•
gvprovide gvopportunities gvfor gvthe gvclient gvto gvelaborate gvon gvtheir gvconcerns
• gvempower gvclients gvto gvtake gvcontrol gvof gvthe gvconversation
• gvrecommended gvto gvuse gvat gvleast gvtwo gvreflections gvfor gvevery gvquestion
-Summarizing
• gvlinks gvtogether gvwhat gvhas gvbeen gvstated gvto gvhelp gvthe gvclient gvorganize
gvtheir gvexperiences
MI gvPhases gvof gvthe gvChange gvProcess gv- gvANSWERS---engagement
• gvestablishment gvof gvtrust gv& gva gvhelping gvrelationship gvbetween gvthe gvtherapist
gv& gvclient
• gvuses gvreflections gvthat gvcommunicate gvunderstanding
-focusing
• gvidentification gvof gvthe gvdirection gvor gvtarget gvof gvthe gvchange
• gvuses gvopen-ended gvquestions
-evoking
• gvidentifying gvthe gvclient's gvmotivation gvfor gvchange gvand gvevoking gvhope
• gvuses gvreflections gvand gvsummaries
-planning
• gvcreating gva gvplan gvfor gvchange
acceptance gvand gvcommitment gvtherapy gv(ACT) gv- gvANSWERS---helps
gvindividuals gvaccept gvlife's gvchallenges gvwhile gvfocusing gvon gvtheir gvvalues gvand
gvgoals
• gvlearning gvhow gvto gvrelate gvto gvthoughts gv& gvfeelings gvwhich gvimpact gvlife
gvrather gvthan gvchanging gvthose gvthoughts gv& gvfeelings
-referred gvto gvas gva gv"third gvwave" gvCBT gvtherapy
-Accepting gvreactions gvand gvbeing gvpresent
-Choosing gva gvvalued gvdirection
-Taking gvaction
-Used gvfor:
• gvdepression, gvanxiety, gvsubstance gvuse, gvchronic gvpain, gvtransdiagnostic
gvcombinations gvof gvconditions
solution-focused gvtherapy gv(SFT) gv- gvANSWERS---future-oriented gvapproach
, -helps gvclient gvID gvproblems gv& gvconstruct gvsolutions gvthat gvwill gvresult gvin
gvchange
-postmodern gvthinking
• gvreality gvis gvshaped gvby gvmultiple gvand gvconflicting gv"truths" gv& gvconstructed
gvthrough gvhuman gvinteraction
• gvthere gvare gvas gvmany gvstories gvof gvmeaning gvas gvthere gvare gvpeople gvinvolved
-fourth gvforce gvof gvpsychotherapy
• gvtranspersonal, gvgoing gvbeyond gvthe gvideas gvof gvhumanness, gvidentity, gvand
gvself-actualization
-client gvis gvconsidered gvto gvbe gvthe gvexpert gvof gvtheir gvlives
-focus gvfrom gvthe gvproblem gvto gvthe gvsolution
-grew gvout gvof gvthe gvwork gvat gvthe gvBrief gvFamily gvTherapy gvCenter gvin
gvMilwaukee gvin gvthe gv1970s
• gvinfluenced gvby gvmany gvpsychotherapists, gvwork gvat gvthe gvMental gvResearch
gvInstitute gvin gvCalifornia, gvand gvthe gvphilosophies gvof gvBuddhism gvand gvTaoism
solution-focused gvtherapy gvKey gvConcepts gvand gvthe gvRole gvof gvthe
gvPsychotherapist gv- gvANSWERS---Solutions gvtalk
• gvShift gvtalk gvfrom gvproblems gvto gvsolutions
-Positive gvorientation
• gvShift gvfocus gvfrom gvproblems gvto gvnew gvpossibilities
-Looking gvfor gvwhat gvis gvworking
• gvFocus gvon gvthe gvexceptions gvwithin gvproblem gvpatterns
Indications gvfor gvSFT gv- gvANSWERS---used gvfor gvindividual gvor gvgroup gvtherapy
gvacross gvsettings
• gvmarriage, gvfamily, gvand gvchild gvtherapies
• gvtrauma
• gvpostpartum gvdepression
• gvdepression
• gveating gvdisorders
• gvsevere gvmental gvillness
how gvSFT gvis gvused gvto gvalleviate gvanxiety gv- gvANSWERS--4-Step gvApproach
gvfor gvOvercoming gvAnxiety
-Identify gvthe gvmeaningful gvparts gvof gvlife gvthat gvthe gvanxiety gvis gvblocking.
-Shift gvthe gvfocus gvaway gvfrom gvthe gvanxiety gvitself gvtoward gvthe gvmeaningful
gvgoal.
-Create gva gvlist gvof gvpositive gvmessages gvthat gvwould gvmotivate gvyou gvtoward
gvthat gvgoal.
-Be gvgentle gvwith gvyourself gv- gvyou're gvnot gvalone. gvMany gvof gvthe gvpeople gvyou
gvmeet gvmay gvbe gvworking gvthrough gvsomething gvsimilar.
