100% verified Pharmacology
questions and answers
✔️✔️ What term describes the study of how drugs affect the body
Pharmacodynamics
✔️✔️ What term refers to how the body processes a drug
Pharmacokinetics
✔️✔️ Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism
Liver
✔️✔️ What is the term for drug removal from the body
Excretion
✔️✔️ Which route of drug administration avoids first-pass metabolism
Intravenous
✔️✔️ What is the name of the process where a drug binds to a receptor
Affinity
✔️✔️ What describes the maximum effect a drug can produce
Efficacy
✔️✔️ What term indicates the amount of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
✔️✔️ What is a drug that blocks receptor activity called
Antagonist
✔️✔️ What is a drug that activates receptors called
Agonist
✔️✔️ What type of drug partially activates receptors
Partial agonist
✔️✔️ What is the therapeutic range of a drug
Safe and effective concentration range
✔️✔️ What is the toxic effect of excessive drug levels
Toxicity
1
, ✔️✔️ What term describes drug interactions that enhance effects
Synergism
✔️✔️ What term describes drug interactions that reduce effects
Antagonism
✔️✔️ What is bioavailability
Fraction of drug reaching systemic circulation
✔️✔️ What does half-life refer to
Time taken for drug concentration to reduce by half
✔️✔️ What is a loading dose
Initial high dose to quickly reach therapeutic level
✔️✔️ What is a maintenance dose
Dose given to maintain steady drug levels
✔️✔️ What is steady-state concentration
Drug intake equals elimination
✔️✔️ What is the blood-brain barrier
Protective barrier controlling drug entry into brain
✔️✔️ What type of drugs easily cross cell membranes
Lipid-soluble drugs
✔️✔️ What is the first-pass effect
Metabolism of drug before reaching circulation
✔️✔️ What is a prodrug
Inactive drug activated in the body
✔️✔️ What is the therapeutic index
Ratio of toxic dose to effective dose
✔️✔️ What is drug tolerance
Reduced response after repeated use
✔️✔️ What is drug dependence
Physical or psychological need for a drug
✔️✔️ What is an adverse drug reaction
Unintended harmful effect
2
questions and answers
✔️✔️ What term describes the study of how drugs affect the body
Pharmacodynamics
✔️✔️ What term refers to how the body processes a drug
Pharmacokinetics
✔️✔️ Which organ is primarily responsible for drug metabolism
Liver
✔️✔️ What is the term for drug removal from the body
Excretion
✔️✔️ Which route of drug administration avoids first-pass metabolism
Intravenous
✔️✔️ What is the name of the process where a drug binds to a receptor
Affinity
✔️✔️ What describes the maximum effect a drug can produce
Efficacy
✔️✔️ What term indicates the amount of drug needed to produce an effect
Potency
✔️✔️ What is a drug that blocks receptor activity called
Antagonist
✔️✔️ What is a drug that activates receptors called
Agonist
✔️✔️ What type of drug partially activates receptors
Partial agonist
✔️✔️ What is the therapeutic range of a drug
Safe and effective concentration range
✔️✔️ What is the toxic effect of excessive drug levels
Toxicity
1
, ✔️✔️ What term describes drug interactions that enhance effects
Synergism
✔️✔️ What term describes drug interactions that reduce effects
Antagonism
✔️✔️ What is bioavailability
Fraction of drug reaching systemic circulation
✔️✔️ What does half-life refer to
Time taken for drug concentration to reduce by half
✔️✔️ What is a loading dose
Initial high dose to quickly reach therapeutic level
✔️✔️ What is a maintenance dose
Dose given to maintain steady drug levels
✔️✔️ What is steady-state concentration
Drug intake equals elimination
✔️✔️ What is the blood-brain barrier
Protective barrier controlling drug entry into brain
✔️✔️ What type of drugs easily cross cell membranes
Lipid-soluble drugs
✔️✔️ What is the first-pass effect
Metabolism of drug before reaching circulation
✔️✔️ What is a prodrug
Inactive drug activated in the body
✔️✔️ What is the therapeutic index
Ratio of toxic dose to effective dose
✔️✔️ What is drug tolerance
Reduced response after repeated use
✔️✔️ What is drug dependence
Physical or psychological need for a drug
✔️✔️ What is an adverse drug reaction
Unintended harmful effect
2
