Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Exam 2 – Modules 5–7
Exam Questions and Answers
Functional ability - ANSWER>>Refers to the cognitive, social, physical, and
emotional capacity to perform the normal activities of daily life.
Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) - ANSWER>>Self-care tasks such as bathing,
dressing, and feeding.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) - ANSWER>>More complex tasks like
managing finances, medication, and transportation.
Factors Influencing Functional Ability - ANSWER>>Developmental stage,
achievement of developmental milestones, physical and psychosocial health,
cognitive and social factors, cultural beliefs and environment.
Functional Assessment - ANSWER>>Evaluates an individual's ability to perform
daily tasks and identifies areas of impairment.
Family Dynamics - ANSWER>>The interrelationships and forces within a family
that shape behaviors and symptoms.
Family Assessment - ANSWER>>Helps understand how family structure,
development, and function impact individual health and well-being.
Risk Assessment - ANSWER>>Identify factors such as trauma, chronic disease, or
medication that may impair functional ability.
Interventions - ANSWER>>Promote high-level functional ability through nutrition,
exercise, stress management, fall prevention, and routine health checkups.
,Nursing Role - ANSWER>>Conduct functional assessments using tools like
performance-based evaluations and self-reports, tailoring care plans to maintain
or improve independence.
Development - ANSWER>>The sequence of physical, psychosocial, and cognitive
changes that occur over the human lifespan, characterized by growth,
differentiation, and maturation.
Developmental Theories - ANSWER>>Freud: Psychosexual development; Erikson:
Psychosocial development (e.g., trust vs. mistrust); Piaget: Cognitive development
(e.g., sensorimotor, preoperational); Kohlberg: Moral development.
Erikson's trust vs mistrust theory - ANSWER>>Mistrust is the first stage in Erik
Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, beginning at birth and lasting
through one year of age.
Key Points of Development - ANSWER>>Development is organized, progressive,
and predictable, but speed varies.
Developmental Assessment - ANSWER>>Use tools like Denver II, HEADSS, and
CRAFFT to screen for age-appropriate milestones.
Developmental Delay - ANSWER>>When a child does not reach developmental
milestones at the expected times.
Risk Factors - ANSWER>>Factors that can negatively influence development,
including prenatal, birth, family, individual, situational, toxic, stress, health status,
and social determinants of health.
Developmental Assessment Process - ANSWER>>A continuous process of
evaluating an individual's development across the lifespan, involving recognizing
risk factors and understanding developmental milestones.
, Connections Between Development and Functional Ability -
ANSWER>>Achievement of developmental milestones directly affects an
individual's ability to perform daily activities.
Health Promotion - ANSWER>>Interventions like vaccinations, education, and
screenings ensure proper growth and prevent decline.
Developmental milestones - ANSWER>>Indicators that enhance functional ability
for school readiness in children.
Fall prevention strategies - ANSWER>>Methods used in older adults to maintain
functional ability and independence.
Health Promotion Interventions - ANSWER>>Strategies tailored to different
developmental stages to enhance health.
Infants and Toddlers - ANSWER>>Focus on promoting proper nutrition and
immunizations, and conducting regular developmental screenings.
School-Age Children - ANSWER>>Encouragement of physical activity and balanced
diets, along with teaching safety measures.
Adolescents - ANSWER>>Screening for high-risk behaviors using HEADSS and
promoting mental health and substance abuse prevention.
Adults - ANSWER>>Addressing stress management and chronic disease
prevention, while encouraging regular health checkups.
Older Adults - ANSWER>>Focusing on fall prevention and managing chronic
conditions, and encouraging social engagement.
Functional Ability as a Predictor - ANSWER>>Impairment in BADLs or IADLs
indicates the need for targeted health promotion.
Exam Questions and Answers
Functional ability - ANSWER>>Refers to the cognitive, social, physical, and
emotional capacity to perform the normal activities of daily life.
Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs) - ANSWER>>Self-care tasks such as bathing,
dressing, and feeding.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) - ANSWER>>More complex tasks like
managing finances, medication, and transportation.
Factors Influencing Functional Ability - ANSWER>>Developmental stage,
achievement of developmental milestones, physical and psychosocial health,
cognitive and social factors, cultural beliefs and environment.
Functional Assessment - ANSWER>>Evaluates an individual's ability to perform
daily tasks and identifies areas of impairment.
Family Dynamics - ANSWER>>The interrelationships and forces within a family
that shape behaviors and symptoms.
Family Assessment - ANSWER>>Helps understand how family structure,
development, and function impact individual health and well-being.
Risk Assessment - ANSWER>>Identify factors such as trauma, chronic disease, or
medication that may impair functional ability.
Interventions - ANSWER>>Promote high-level functional ability through nutrition,
exercise, stress management, fall prevention, and routine health checkups.
,Nursing Role - ANSWER>>Conduct functional assessments using tools like
performance-based evaluations and self-reports, tailoring care plans to maintain
or improve independence.
Development - ANSWER>>The sequence of physical, psychosocial, and cognitive
changes that occur over the human lifespan, characterized by growth,
differentiation, and maturation.
Developmental Theories - ANSWER>>Freud: Psychosexual development; Erikson:
Psychosocial development (e.g., trust vs. mistrust); Piaget: Cognitive development
(e.g., sensorimotor, preoperational); Kohlberg: Moral development.
Erikson's trust vs mistrust theory - ANSWER>>Mistrust is the first stage in Erik
Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, beginning at birth and lasting
through one year of age.
Key Points of Development - ANSWER>>Development is organized, progressive,
and predictable, but speed varies.
Developmental Assessment - ANSWER>>Use tools like Denver II, HEADSS, and
CRAFFT to screen for age-appropriate milestones.
Developmental Delay - ANSWER>>When a child does not reach developmental
milestones at the expected times.
Risk Factors - ANSWER>>Factors that can negatively influence development,
including prenatal, birth, family, individual, situational, toxic, stress, health status,
and social determinants of health.
Developmental Assessment Process - ANSWER>>A continuous process of
evaluating an individual's development across the lifespan, involving recognizing
risk factors and understanding developmental milestones.
, Connections Between Development and Functional Ability -
ANSWER>>Achievement of developmental milestones directly affects an
individual's ability to perform daily activities.
Health Promotion - ANSWER>>Interventions like vaccinations, education, and
screenings ensure proper growth and prevent decline.
Developmental milestones - ANSWER>>Indicators that enhance functional ability
for school readiness in children.
Fall prevention strategies - ANSWER>>Methods used in older adults to maintain
functional ability and independence.
Health Promotion Interventions - ANSWER>>Strategies tailored to different
developmental stages to enhance health.
Infants and Toddlers - ANSWER>>Focus on promoting proper nutrition and
immunizations, and conducting regular developmental screenings.
School-Age Children - ANSWER>>Encouragement of physical activity and balanced
diets, along with teaching safety measures.
Adolescents - ANSWER>>Screening for high-risk behaviors using HEADSS and
promoting mental health and substance abuse prevention.
Adults - ANSWER>>Addressing stress management and chronic disease
prevention, while encouraging regular health checkups.
Older Adults - ANSWER>>Focusing on fall prevention and managing chronic
conditions, and encouraging social engagement.
Functional Ability as a Predictor - ANSWER>>Impairment in BADLs or IADLs
indicates the need for targeted health promotion.
