Honors Biology Bootcamp Study
Guide – Cell Biology, Genetics,
Evolution, Ecology & Core Exam
Concepts (Complete Review 2026)
cells (made of)
basic unit of life, living things are made of one or more cells
Growth
To increase in size or number of cells
Need for materials and energy
Organisms can obtain energy by eating or using the sun to make food. Other molecules
act as building blocks for body structures.
Reproduce
The process of producing new organisms.
Maintaining internal balance
homeostasis-process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable
Response to the enivironment
organisms react to stimuli in their environment
selectively permeable
membranes that allow some substances through but not others
Diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
Biomolecules/Macromolecules
organic molecules which combine to form living organisms; includes carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Broken down to glucose to provide energy.
Lipid
Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.
Protein
A compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids; important for building
cellular structures
Nucleic Acid
genetic material, as DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked
in a long chain.
Monomer
building blocks of polymers
Polymer
molecules composed of two or more monomers; makes up macromolecules
Guide – Cell Biology, Genetics,
Evolution, Ecology & Core Exam
Concepts (Complete Review 2026)
cells (made of)
basic unit of life, living things are made of one or more cells
Growth
To increase in size or number of cells
Need for materials and energy
Organisms can obtain energy by eating or using the sun to make food. Other molecules
act as building blocks for body structures.
Reproduce
The process of producing new organisms.
Maintaining internal balance
homeostasis-process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable
Response to the enivironment
organisms react to stimuli in their environment
selectively permeable
membranes that allow some substances through but not others
Diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
Biomolecules/Macromolecules
organic molecules which combine to form living organisms; includes carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
Carbohydrates
Broken down to glucose to provide energy.
Lipid
Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.
Protein
A compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids; important for building
cellular structures
Nucleic Acid
genetic material, as DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked
in a long chain.
Monomer
building blocks of polymers
Polymer
molecules composed of two or more monomers; makes up macromolecules
