NUFT 202 MAIN EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔
✔✔If patients deny understanding or you suspect that they do not understand: -
✔✔notify the health care provider or nursing supervisor. Health care providers must
inform a patient refusing surgery or other medical treatment about any harmful
consequences of refusal.
Parents are usually the legal guardians of pediatric patients; therefore they typically are
the people who sign consent forms for treatment.
Patients with mental illnesses must also give consent. They retain the right to refuse
treatment until a court has determined legally that they are incompetent to decide for
themselves.
✔✔1973 Roe v. Wade - ✔✔U.S. Supreme Court ruled that there is a fundamental right
to privacy, which includes a woman's right to have an abortion.
Court ruled that during the first trimester, a woman could end her pregnancy without
state regulation because the risk of natural mortality from abortion is less than with
normal childbirth.
During the second trimester, the state has an interest in protecting maternal health, and
the state enforces regulations regarding the person performing the abortion and the
abortion facility.
By the third trimester, when the fetus becomes viable, the state's interest is to protect
the fetus; thus, the state prohibits abortion except when necessary to save the mother.
✔✔1989 Webster v. Reproductive Health Services - ✔✔Some states require viability
tests if the fetus is more than 28 weeks' gestational age.
✔✔Nursing Students - ✔✔You are liable if your actions cause harm to patients, as is
your instructor, hospital, and college/university.
You are expected to perform as a professional when rendering care.
You must separate your student nurse role from your work as a certified nursing
assistant (CNA).
If someone requests that a student employed in the agency as a nurse's aide perform
tasks that he or she is not prepared to complete safely, the student employee needs to
bring this information to the supervisor's attention so the task can be assigned to an
appropriate health care professional.
✔✔Malpractice Insurance - ✔✔A contract between the nurse and the insurance
company
Provides a defense when a nurse is in a lawsuit involving negligence or malpractice
Nurses covered by institution's insurance while working
,The insurance company pays for costs, attorney's fees and settlement, and other
related fees generated in the representation of the nurse.
Nurses employed by health care agencies generally are covered by insurance provided
by the agency; however, it is important to remember that the lawyer is representing your
employer and not you. The insurance provided by the employing agency only covers
nurses while they are working within the scope of their employment.
Nurses are also investigated by the State Board of Nursing or Nursing Commission to
determine whether the alleged breach in care is a violation of civil regulations
associated with their nursing license. Without individual insurance coverage, the nurse
will be required to personally pay all costs and attorney fees incurred by him or her in
the defense against these claims.
✔✔A student nurse employed as a nursing assistant may perform care:
A. as learned in school.
B. expected of a nurse at that level.
C. identified in the hospital's job description.
D. requiring technical rather than professional skills. - ✔✔Answer: C
Rationale: Student nurses should never perform a task that is not in the job description
of the facility with which they work.
✔✔Short staffing - ✔✔Legal problems occur if an inadequate number of nurses will
provide care.
✔✔Floating - ✔✔based on census load and patient acuities; Nurses who float must
inform the supervisor of any lack of experience in caring for the type of patients on the
nursing unit. They should request and receive an orientation to the unit.
✔✔Health Care providers' orders - ✔✔Nurses follow orders unless they believe an
order is given in error or is harmful.
- Nurses follow health care providers' orders unless they believe that the orders are in
error, violate agency policy, or are harmful to the patient. If the health care provider
confirms an order and you still believe that it is inappropriate, use the agency chain of
command to inform your direct supervisor.
- Make sure that all the health care provider orders are in writing, dated and timed
appropriately, and transcribed correctly.
✔✔A nurse may refuse an assignment when: - ✔✔(1) the nurse lacks the knowledge or
skill to provide competent care; (2) care exceeding the Nurse Practice Act is expected;
(3) health of the nurse or her unborn child is directly threatened by the type of
assignment; (4) orientation to the unit has not been completed and safety is at risk; (5)
the nurse clearly states and documents a conscientious objection on the basis of moral,
ethical, or religious grounds; or (6) the nurse's clinical judgment is impaired as a result
of fatigue, resulting in a safety risk for the patient.
- When refusing an assignment, it is important to give your immediate supervisor
specific reasons for the refusal and determine if other alternatives, such as
reassignment, are available.
, ✔✔The Community Health Accreditation Program (CHAP) and other state and federal
standards - ✔✔require agencies to have guidelines for determining the number (staffing
ratios) of nurses required to give care to a specific number of patients
✔✔Registered Nurse Safe Staffing Act - ✔✔requires Medicare-certified facilities to
establish staffing committees comprised of 55% direct-care nurses.
✔✔You are about to administer an oral medication and you question the dosage. You
should:
A. administer the medication.
B. notify the physician.
C. withhold the medication.
D. document that the dosage appears incorrect. - ✔✔Answer: B
Rationale: If you find one to be erroneous or harmful, further clarification from the health
care provider is necessary. If the health care provider confirms an order and you still
believe that it is inappropriate, use the agency chain of command to inform your direct
supervisor.
✔✔Risk Management and
Quality Assurance - ✔✔A system of ensuring appropriate nursing care that attempts to
identify potential hazards and eliminate them before harm occurs
Steps involved:
- Identify possible risks
- Analyze risks
- Act to reduce risks
- Evaluate steps taken
TJC requires the use of quality improvement and risk-management procedures.
Both quality improvement and risk management require thorough documentation.
✔✔One tool used in risk management: - ✔✔incident or occurence report
✔✔occurrence reporting - ✔✔Serves as a database for further investigation
Alerts risk management to a potential claim situation
an attempt to determine deviations from standards of care and to identify corrective
measures needed to prevent recurrence and to alert risk management to a potential
claim situation.
✔✔Risk management and documentation - ✔✔Risk management also requires
complete documentation. A nurse's documentation is often the evidence of care
received by a patient and establishes support that the nurse acted reasonably and
safely.
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔
✔✔If patients deny understanding or you suspect that they do not understand: -
✔✔notify the health care provider or nursing supervisor. Health care providers must
inform a patient refusing surgery or other medical treatment about any harmful
consequences of refusal.
Parents are usually the legal guardians of pediatric patients; therefore they typically are
the people who sign consent forms for treatment.
Patients with mental illnesses must also give consent. They retain the right to refuse
treatment until a court has determined legally that they are incompetent to decide for
themselves.
✔✔1973 Roe v. Wade - ✔✔U.S. Supreme Court ruled that there is a fundamental right
to privacy, which includes a woman's right to have an abortion.
Court ruled that during the first trimester, a woman could end her pregnancy without
state regulation because the risk of natural mortality from abortion is less than with
normal childbirth.
During the second trimester, the state has an interest in protecting maternal health, and
the state enforces regulations regarding the person performing the abortion and the
abortion facility.
By the third trimester, when the fetus becomes viable, the state's interest is to protect
the fetus; thus, the state prohibits abortion except when necessary to save the mother.
✔✔1989 Webster v. Reproductive Health Services - ✔✔Some states require viability
tests if the fetus is more than 28 weeks' gestational age.
✔✔Nursing Students - ✔✔You are liable if your actions cause harm to patients, as is
your instructor, hospital, and college/university.
You are expected to perform as a professional when rendering care.
You must separate your student nurse role from your work as a certified nursing
assistant (CNA).
If someone requests that a student employed in the agency as a nurse's aide perform
tasks that he or she is not prepared to complete safely, the student employee needs to
bring this information to the supervisor's attention so the task can be assigned to an
appropriate health care professional.
✔✔Malpractice Insurance - ✔✔A contract between the nurse and the insurance
company
Provides a defense when a nurse is in a lawsuit involving negligence or malpractice
Nurses covered by institution's insurance while working
,The insurance company pays for costs, attorney's fees and settlement, and other
related fees generated in the representation of the nurse.
Nurses employed by health care agencies generally are covered by insurance provided
by the agency; however, it is important to remember that the lawyer is representing your
employer and not you. The insurance provided by the employing agency only covers
nurses while they are working within the scope of their employment.
Nurses are also investigated by the State Board of Nursing or Nursing Commission to
determine whether the alleged breach in care is a violation of civil regulations
associated with their nursing license. Without individual insurance coverage, the nurse
will be required to personally pay all costs and attorney fees incurred by him or her in
the defense against these claims.
✔✔A student nurse employed as a nursing assistant may perform care:
A. as learned in school.
B. expected of a nurse at that level.
C. identified in the hospital's job description.
D. requiring technical rather than professional skills. - ✔✔Answer: C
Rationale: Student nurses should never perform a task that is not in the job description
of the facility with which they work.
✔✔Short staffing - ✔✔Legal problems occur if an inadequate number of nurses will
provide care.
✔✔Floating - ✔✔based on census load and patient acuities; Nurses who float must
inform the supervisor of any lack of experience in caring for the type of patients on the
nursing unit. They should request and receive an orientation to the unit.
✔✔Health Care providers' orders - ✔✔Nurses follow orders unless they believe an
order is given in error or is harmful.
- Nurses follow health care providers' orders unless they believe that the orders are in
error, violate agency policy, or are harmful to the patient. If the health care provider
confirms an order and you still believe that it is inappropriate, use the agency chain of
command to inform your direct supervisor.
- Make sure that all the health care provider orders are in writing, dated and timed
appropriately, and transcribed correctly.
✔✔A nurse may refuse an assignment when: - ✔✔(1) the nurse lacks the knowledge or
skill to provide competent care; (2) care exceeding the Nurse Practice Act is expected;
(3) health of the nurse or her unborn child is directly threatened by the type of
assignment; (4) orientation to the unit has not been completed and safety is at risk; (5)
the nurse clearly states and documents a conscientious objection on the basis of moral,
ethical, or religious grounds; or (6) the nurse's clinical judgment is impaired as a result
of fatigue, resulting in a safety risk for the patient.
- When refusing an assignment, it is important to give your immediate supervisor
specific reasons for the refusal and determine if other alternatives, such as
reassignment, are available.
, ✔✔The Community Health Accreditation Program (CHAP) and other state and federal
standards - ✔✔require agencies to have guidelines for determining the number (staffing
ratios) of nurses required to give care to a specific number of patients
✔✔Registered Nurse Safe Staffing Act - ✔✔requires Medicare-certified facilities to
establish staffing committees comprised of 55% direct-care nurses.
✔✔You are about to administer an oral medication and you question the dosage. You
should:
A. administer the medication.
B. notify the physician.
C. withhold the medication.
D. document that the dosage appears incorrect. - ✔✔Answer: B
Rationale: If you find one to be erroneous or harmful, further clarification from the health
care provider is necessary. If the health care provider confirms an order and you still
believe that it is inappropriate, use the agency chain of command to inform your direct
supervisor.
✔✔Risk Management and
Quality Assurance - ✔✔A system of ensuring appropriate nursing care that attempts to
identify potential hazards and eliminate them before harm occurs
Steps involved:
- Identify possible risks
- Analyze risks
- Act to reduce risks
- Evaluate steps taken
TJC requires the use of quality improvement and risk-management procedures.
Both quality improvement and risk management require thorough documentation.
✔✔One tool used in risk management: - ✔✔incident or occurence report
✔✔occurrence reporting - ✔✔Serves as a database for further investigation
Alerts risk management to a potential claim situation
an attempt to determine deviations from standards of care and to identify corrective
measures needed to prevent recurrence and to alert risk management to a potential
claim situation.
✔✔Risk management and documentation - ✔✔Risk management also requires
complete documentation. A nurse's documentation is often the evidence of care
received by a patient and establishes support that the nurse acted reasonably and
safely.
