Auditing & Assurance Services: A Systematic
Approach 12th Edition – Messier Chapters 1–21
Practice Questions & Verified Answers
🧾 Audit Fundamentals
1. The primary objective of an audit is to:
A. Detect all fraud
B. Prepare financial statements
C. Express an opinion on financial statements
D. Guarantee accuracy
Answer: C
2. Audit risk is:
A. Zero in all audits
B. Risk of issuing incorrect opinion
C. Risk of bankruptcy
D. Risk of fraud only
Answer: B
3. Reasonable assurance means:
,A. Absolute certainty
B. High but not absolute assurance
C. No risk exists
D. Full error detection
Answer: B
4. Financial statement assertions are made by:
A. Auditor
B. Management
C. Shareholders
D. Government
Answer: B
5. The auditor is responsible for:
A. Preparing statements
B. Detecting all fraud
C. Expressing audit opinion
D. Managing company books
Answer: C
6. Inherent risk is:
A. Risk after controls
B. Susceptibility to misstatement before controls
C. Sampling risk
D. Detection risk only
Answer: B
7. Control risk is:
A. Risk controls will fail
B. Risk auditor fails
, C. Risk of fraud
D. Business risk
Answer: A
8. Detection risk is:
A. Risk auditor does not detect misstatement
B. Risk fraud occurs
C. Risk controls fail
D. Risk of bankruptcy
Answer: A
9. Audit risk model includes:
A. AR = IR + CR + DR
B. AR = IR × CR × DR
C. AR = CR ÷ IR
D. AR = DR – CR
Answer: B
10. Materiality is:
A. Any error
B. Misstatement affecting decisions
C. Fraud only
D. Accounting rule
Answer: B
11. Auditor independence means:
A. Working for client
B. Being unbiased
C. Preparing books
D. Management control