HESI FUNDAMENTALS 2025-202 well
elaborated questions and answers
An elderly client with a fractured left hip is on strict bed rest. Which nursing measure is essential to the
client's nursing care?
A. Massage any reddened areas for at least five minutes.
B. Encourage active range of motion exercises on extremities.
C. Position the client laterally, prone, and dorsally in sequence.
D. Gently lift the client when moving into a desired position. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- To avoid shearing
forces when repositioning, the client should be lifted gently across a surface (D). Reddened areas should
not be massaged (A) since this may increase the damage to already traumatized skin. To control pain
and muscle spasms, active range of motion (B) may be limited on the affected leg. The position
described in (C) is contraindicated for a client with a fractured left hip.
Correct Answer: D
The nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric tube (NGT) which is connected to suction.
After ensuring correct tube placement, what action should the nurse take next?
A. Clamp the tube for 20 minutes.
B. Flush the tube with water.
C. Administer the medications as prescribed.
D. Crush the tablets and dissolve in sterile water. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The NGT should be flushed
before, after and in between each medication administered (B). Once all medications are administered,
the NGT should be clamped for 20 minutes (A). (C and D) may be implemented only after the tubing has
been flushed.
Correct Answer: B
A client who is in hospice care complains of increasing amounts of pain. The healthcare provider
prescribes an analgesic every four hours as needed. Which action should the nurse implement?
A. Give an around-the-clock schedule for administration of analgesics.
B. Administer analgesic medication as needed when the pain is severe.
,C. Provide medication to keep the client sedated and unaware of stimuli.
D. Offer a medication-free period so that the client can do daily activities. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The
most effective management of pain is achieved using an around-the-clock schedule that provides
analgesic medications on a regular basis (A) and in a timely manner. Analgesics Hesi Fundamentals 2025
exam. Correctly answered. are less effective if pain persists until it is severe, so an analgesic medication
should be administered before the client's pain peaks (B). Providing comfort is a priority for the client
who is dying, but sedation that impairs the client's ability to interact and experience the time before life
ends should be minimized (C). Offering a medication-free period allows the serum drug level to fall,
which is not an effective method to manage chronic pain (D).
Correct Answer: A
When assessing a client with wrist restraints, the nurse observes that the fingers on the right hand are
blue. What action should the nurse implement first?
A. Loosen the right wrist restraint.
B. Apply a pulse oximeter to the right hand.
C. Compare hand color bilaterally.
D. Palpate the right radial pulse. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The priority nursing action is to restore
circulation by loosening the restraint (A), because blue fingers (cyanosis) indicates decreased circulation.
(C and D) are also important nursing interventions, but do not have the priority of(A). Pulse oximetry (B)
measures the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen and is not indicated in situations where the
cyanosis is related to mechanical compression (the restraints).
Correct Answer: A
The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest nutritional
need for additional intake of protein?
A. A college-age track runner with a sprained ankle.
B. A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant.
C. A school-aged child with Type 2 diabetes.
D. An elderly man being treated for a peptic ulcer. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- A lactating woman (B) has
the greatest need for additional protein intake. (A, C, and D) are all conditions that require protein, but
do not have the increased metabolic protein demands of lactation.
, Correct Answer: B
A client is in the radiology department at 0900 when the prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500 mg IV
q24h is scheduled to be administered. The client returns to the unit at 1300. What is the best
intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare provider and complete a medication variance form.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule in the morning.
C. Notify the charge nurse and complete an incident report to explain the missed dose.
D. Give the missed dose at 1300 and change the schedule to administer daily at 1300. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-✅- To ensure that a therapeutic level of medication is maintained, the nurse should
administer the missed dose as soon as possible, and revise the administration schedule accordingly to
prevent dangerously increasing the level of the medication in the bloodstream (D). The nurse should
document the reason for the late dose, but (A and C) are not warranted. (B) could result in increased
blood levels of the drug.
Correct Answer: D
While instructing a male client's wife in the performance of passive range-of-motion exercises to his
contracted shoulder, the nurse observes that she is holding his arm above and below the elbow. What
nursing action should the nurse implement?
A. Acknowledge that she is supporting the arm correctly.
B. Encourage her to keep the joint covered to maintain warmth.
C. Reinforce the need to grip directly under the joint for better support.
D. Instruct her to grip directly over the joint for better motion - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The wife is
performing the passive ROM correctly, therefore the nurse should acknowledge this fact(A). The joint
that is being exercised should be uncovered (B) while the rest of the body should remain covered for
warmth and privacy. (C and D) do not provide adequate support to the joint while still allowing for joint
movement.
Correct Answer: A
What is the most important reason for starting intravenous infusions in the upper extremities rather
than the lower extremities of adults?
elaborated questions and answers
An elderly client with a fractured left hip is on strict bed rest. Which nursing measure is essential to the
client's nursing care?
A. Massage any reddened areas for at least five minutes.
B. Encourage active range of motion exercises on extremities.
C. Position the client laterally, prone, and dorsally in sequence.
D. Gently lift the client when moving into a desired position. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- To avoid shearing
forces when repositioning, the client should be lifted gently across a surface (D). Reddened areas should
not be massaged (A) since this may increase the damage to already traumatized skin. To control pain
and muscle spasms, active range of motion (B) may be limited on the affected leg. The position
described in (C) is contraindicated for a client with a fractured left hip.
Correct Answer: D
The nurse is administering medications through a nasogastric tube (NGT) which is connected to suction.
After ensuring correct tube placement, what action should the nurse take next?
A. Clamp the tube for 20 minutes.
B. Flush the tube with water.
C. Administer the medications as prescribed.
D. Crush the tablets and dissolve in sterile water. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The NGT should be flushed
before, after and in between each medication administered (B). Once all medications are administered,
the NGT should be clamped for 20 minutes (A). (C and D) may be implemented only after the tubing has
been flushed.
Correct Answer: B
A client who is in hospice care complains of increasing amounts of pain. The healthcare provider
prescribes an analgesic every four hours as needed. Which action should the nurse implement?
A. Give an around-the-clock schedule for administration of analgesics.
B. Administer analgesic medication as needed when the pain is severe.
,C. Provide medication to keep the client sedated and unaware of stimuli.
D. Offer a medication-free period so that the client can do daily activities. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The
most effective management of pain is achieved using an around-the-clock schedule that provides
analgesic medications on a regular basis (A) and in a timely manner. Analgesics Hesi Fundamentals 2025
exam. Correctly answered. are less effective if pain persists until it is severe, so an analgesic medication
should be administered before the client's pain peaks (B). Providing comfort is a priority for the client
who is dying, but sedation that impairs the client's ability to interact and experience the time before life
ends should be minimized (C). Offering a medication-free period allows the serum drug level to fall,
which is not an effective method to manage chronic pain (D).
Correct Answer: A
When assessing a client with wrist restraints, the nurse observes that the fingers on the right hand are
blue. What action should the nurse implement first?
A. Loosen the right wrist restraint.
B. Apply a pulse oximeter to the right hand.
C. Compare hand color bilaterally.
D. Palpate the right radial pulse. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The priority nursing action is to restore
circulation by loosening the restraint (A), because blue fingers (cyanosis) indicates decreased circulation.
(C and D) are also important nursing interventions, but do not have the priority of(A). Pulse oximetry (B)
measures the saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen and is not indicated in situations where the
cyanosis is related to mechanical compression (the restraints).
Correct Answer: A
The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has the greatest nutritional
need for additional intake of protein?
A. A college-age track runner with a sprained ankle.
B. A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant.
C. A school-aged child with Type 2 diabetes.
D. An elderly man being treated for a peptic ulcer. - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- A lactating woman (B) has
the greatest need for additional protein intake. (A, C, and D) are all conditions that require protein, but
do not have the increased metabolic protein demands of lactation.
, Correct Answer: B
A client is in the radiology department at 0900 when the prescription levofloxacin (Levaquin) 500 mg IV
q24h is scheduled to be administered. The client returns to the unit at 1300. What is the best
intervention for the nurse to implement?
A. Contact the healthcare provider and complete a medication variance form.
B. Administer the Levaquin at 1300 and resume the 0900 schedule in the morning.
C. Notify the charge nurse and complete an incident report to explain the missed dose.
D. Give the missed dose at 1300 and change the schedule to administer daily at 1300. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-✅- To ensure that a therapeutic level of medication is maintained, the nurse should
administer the missed dose as soon as possible, and revise the administration schedule accordingly to
prevent dangerously increasing the level of the medication in the bloodstream (D). The nurse should
document the reason for the late dose, but (A and C) are not warranted. (B) could result in increased
blood levels of the drug.
Correct Answer: D
While instructing a male client's wife in the performance of passive range-of-motion exercises to his
contracted shoulder, the nurse observes that she is holding his arm above and below the elbow. What
nursing action should the nurse implement?
A. Acknowledge that she is supporting the arm correctly.
B. Encourage her to keep the joint covered to maintain warmth.
C. Reinforce the need to grip directly under the joint for better support.
D. Instruct her to grip directly over the joint for better motion - CORRECT ANSWERS-✅- The wife is
performing the passive ROM correctly, therefore the nurse should acknowledge this fact(A). The joint
that is being exercised should be uncovered (B) while the rest of the body should remain covered for
warmth and privacy. (C and D) do not provide adequate support to the joint while still allowing for joint
movement.
Correct Answer: A
What is the most important reason for starting intravenous infusions in the upper extremities rather
than the lower extremities of adults?
