ATI TEAS 7
Role of Liver - ............ANSWER..........*Enzymes from liver deaminate
amino acids
*convert ammonia to urea
*metabolize consumed toxins
store glucose to glycogen
Chyme - ............ANSWER..........Stomach secretion mixture
includes mucus (lines the stomach), hydrochloric acid, and pepsinogen
Cytotoxic T cell - ............ANSWER..........*Recruited by helper T cell via
cytokinesis
*kill any cell containing pathogens antigen signature
Role of Duodenum - ............ANSWER..........*First portion of the small
intestine
*most chemical digestion here but no real absorption
*Pancreatic secretions collect here for neutralizing HCl
*Gallbladder Bile is alkaline to help neutralize acid
*brush border enzymes produced here
Role of Jejunum - ............ANSWER..........absorption of nutrients mostly
here
,bronchopulmonary segments - ............ANSWER..........Each lung lobe
has its own bronchus and own artery
olecranial - ............ANSWER..........Back of elbow
Pepsinogen - ............ANSWER..........*enzyme that breaks down peptides
in the stomach
*found in chyme
*is converted to pepsin
Macrophage - ............ANSWER..........*AKA Antigen-presenting cell
*digests pathogens and presents antigen to helper T Cell
Role of Large Intestine - ............ANSWER..........*absorbs remaining
water; Salts
*Vitamin K absorbed here
*digested material exposed to bacterial fermination
Renin - ............ANSWER..........*hormone that regulates retention of
water and salts; stimulates release of aldosterone that helps retain water
and salts
*regulates BP in controlling water and salt retention
Male Gamete production - ............ANSWER..........*LH released in testes
to produce more testosterone
*sperm production when testosterone and FSH released in the testes
,High Blood sugar - ............ANSWER..........increase glucose signals
pancreatic beta-cells to release insulin, promoting cell uptake to decrease
BG
Lacteals - ............ANSWER..........lymphatic vessels of small intestine
that absorb digested lipids
Ileum characteristics - ............ANSWER..........Absorbs what jejunum
doesnt absorb
absorb polar hydrophilic digested nutrients into blood
*Absorb Lipids (into chylomicrons transporters) and Vitamin B12
Histamines - ............ANSWER..........*part of innate (natural) immunity
*causes local swelling and recruits WBCs
Perineal - ............ANSWER..........b/w anus and genitals
Erythropoietin - ............ANSWER..........*produced in the renal cortex
*hormone for RBC production
Female Zygote Implantation - ............ANSWER..........*Corpus luteum:
empty ovary follicle stimulate release of progesterone
*progesterone promotes zygote implantation on the uterine endometrium
innate immunity - ............ANSWER..........*non-specific immune
response
*first line of defenses are the skin, mucus secretions
, *our microbiota help fight certain pathogens
Sural - ............ANSWER..........Calf
Female Gamete production - ............ANSWER..........*FSH released in
ovaries to produce more estrogen
*Estrogen cause ova to mature in ovaries' follicle and causes uterine
endometrium to thicken
*LH surge causes ovum to be release into fallopian tube to be fertilized
Interfereons - ............ANSWER..........protein that interferes with viral
replication in host cells
Natural Killer Cells - ............ANSWER..........Kill host cells w/
intracellular pathogens (Ex: virus)
Adaptive immunity - ............ANSWER..........*Specific response to
specific pathogen
*Immune response when innate immunity fails
Amylase - ............ANSWER..........*Enzyme in saliva
*breaks down starch (carbohydrates)
buccal - ............ANSWER..........cheek
Granulocytes - ............ANSWER..........*basophils, eosinophils,
neutrophils
Role of Liver - ............ANSWER..........*Enzymes from liver deaminate
amino acids
*convert ammonia to urea
*metabolize consumed toxins
store glucose to glycogen
Chyme - ............ANSWER..........Stomach secretion mixture
includes mucus (lines the stomach), hydrochloric acid, and pepsinogen
Cytotoxic T cell - ............ANSWER..........*Recruited by helper T cell via
cytokinesis
*kill any cell containing pathogens antigen signature
Role of Duodenum - ............ANSWER..........*First portion of the small
intestine
*most chemical digestion here but no real absorption
*Pancreatic secretions collect here for neutralizing HCl
*Gallbladder Bile is alkaline to help neutralize acid
*brush border enzymes produced here
Role of Jejunum - ............ANSWER..........absorption of nutrients mostly
here
,bronchopulmonary segments - ............ANSWER..........Each lung lobe
has its own bronchus and own artery
olecranial - ............ANSWER..........Back of elbow
Pepsinogen - ............ANSWER..........*enzyme that breaks down peptides
in the stomach
*found in chyme
*is converted to pepsin
Macrophage - ............ANSWER..........*AKA Antigen-presenting cell
*digests pathogens and presents antigen to helper T Cell
Role of Large Intestine - ............ANSWER..........*absorbs remaining
water; Salts
*Vitamin K absorbed here
*digested material exposed to bacterial fermination
Renin - ............ANSWER..........*hormone that regulates retention of
water and salts; stimulates release of aldosterone that helps retain water
and salts
*regulates BP in controlling water and salt retention
Male Gamete production - ............ANSWER..........*LH released in testes
to produce more testosterone
*sperm production when testosterone and FSH released in the testes
,High Blood sugar - ............ANSWER..........increase glucose signals
pancreatic beta-cells to release insulin, promoting cell uptake to decrease
BG
Lacteals - ............ANSWER..........lymphatic vessels of small intestine
that absorb digested lipids
Ileum characteristics - ............ANSWER..........Absorbs what jejunum
doesnt absorb
absorb polar hydrophilic digested nutrients into blood
*Absorb Lipids (into chylomicrons transporters) and Vitamin B12
Histamines - ............ANSWER..........*part of innate (natural) immunity
*causes local swelling and recruits WBCs
Perineal - ............ANSWER..........b/w anus and genitals
Erythropoietin - ............ANSWER..........*produced in the renal cortex
*hormone for RBC production
Female Zygote Implantation - ............ANSWER..........*Corpus luteum:
empty ovary follicle stimulate release of progesterone
*progesterone promotes zygote implantation on the uterine endometrium
innate immunity - ............ANSWER..........*non-specific immune
response
*first line of defenses are the skin, mucus secretions
, *our microbiota help fight certain pathogens
Sural - ............ANSWER..........Calf
Female Gamete production - ............ANSWER..........*FSH released in
ovaries to produce more estrogen
*Estrogen cause ova to mature in ovaries' follicle and causes uterine
endometrium to thicken
*LH surge causes ovum to be release into fallopian tube to be fertilized
Interfereons - ............ANSWER..........protein that interferes with viral
replication in host cells
Natural Killer Cells - ............ANSWER..........Kill host cells w/
intracellular pathogens (Ex: virus)
Adaptive immunity - ............ANSWER..........*Specific response to
specific pathogen
*Immune response when innate immunity fails
Amylase - ............ANSWER..........*Enzyme in saliva
*breaks down starch (carbohydrates)
buccal - ............ANSWER..........cheek
Granulocytes - ............ANSWER..........*basophils, eosinophils,
neutrophils
