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Samenvatting - Mens en gezondheid 2

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Mens en gezondheid




1

,Inhoud
Mens en gezondheid....................................................................................1
Introductie in de Pathologie (kernconcepten)...........................................2
Diagnostiek...............................................................................................8
Depressieve stemmingsstoornis.............................................................12
Bipolaire en aanverwante stoornissen.......................................................18
Trauma- en stressorgerelateerde stoornissen............................................24
Angststoornissen........................................................................................33
Obsessief-compulsieve stoornis (OCD).......................................................39
Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen.......................................................................42
middelgerelateerde en verslavingsstoornissen..........................................45
Schizofreniespectrum- en andere psychotische stoornissen......................50
Neurocognitieve stoornissen......................................................................55
Slaap-waakstoornissen...............................................................................56
Voedings-en eetstoornissen.......................................................................60
Seksuele dysfuncties..................................................................................63
Parafiele stoornissen..................................................................................65
Therapieën.................................................................................................68
Medicatie....................................................................................................72
Hedendaagse tendensen...........................................................................74




Introductie in de Pathologie (kernconcepten)




2

,• Psychopathologie: De studie van wat een psychische stoornis is en
belangrijke concepten binnen het vakgebied.




Psychopathologie omvat “4 stappen”:

 Beschrijven: Welke problemen? Beschrijven van die problemen

 Classificatie: al die klachten proberen te groeperen

 Oorzaken: zoeken naar oorzaken

 Behandelingen: hoe kunnen we die mensen helpen?




symptomen: = concrete klachten / comorbiditeit = samengaan
van stoornissen -> Onderverdeling in een primaire (wat er eerst
al was) en een secundaire stoornis

• (Ab)normaal gedrag: De grens hiertussen is cruciaal. Zes criteria om
abnormaal gedrag te beoordelen zijn:

3

, ◦ Uitzonderlijkheid.

◦ Sociaal afwijkend zijn.

◦ Een foute perceptie of interpretatie van de realiteit.

◦ Aanzienlijk emotioneel lijden.

◦ Ongepast of contraproductief gedrag.

◦ Gevaar.



Perspectieven van de psychopathologie:




Ontstaan van pathologie: Diathese-stressmodel:



4

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