HESI (Immune & Hematology) Exam
questions 2026 Exam Questions and
verified Answers
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, and hematocrit.
Decreased O2 carrying capacity
Causes of anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS •Acute loss of blood/ Inadequate levels of iron, folic
acid, Vitamin B12
•Premature destruction of blood cells called hemolysis (SCA)
•Kidney failure - due to decreased production of erythropoietin
Aplastic anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS •Suppression of RBCs, WBCs, & platelets in the bone
marrow
•Also called pancytopenia
•Can be caused by chemo, radiation treatments or be autoimmune (leukemia)
Normal RBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS 3.5-5 million
Elevated RBC count called - CORRECT ANSWERS polycythemia
Decreased RBC count called - CORRECT ANSWERS Anemia
Normal Hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWERS 12 - 15 mg/dL
, normal hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWERS 35-45%
or 3 x Hb
Normal WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS 5,000-10,000/mm3
Elevated WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS leukocytosis--> increased infection
Decreased WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS Neutropenia
decreased in chemo & bone marrow depression
Normal platelet count - CORRECT ANSWERS 150,000-400,000/mm3
elevated platelets - CORRECT ANSWERS thrombocytosis-->clotting
decreased platelets - CORRECT ANSWERS thrombocytopenia-->bleeding
Test for coumadin - CORRECT ANSWERS PT/INR
Test for warfarin - CORRECT ANSWERS PTT
Cause of sickle cell crisis - CORRECT ANSWERS •Caused by fragments of RBCs getting stuck in
the terminal section of vessels
•Treatment includes transfusion, prevention of dehydration
Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWERS An X-linked recessive disorder in which blood fails to clot
properly, leading to excessive bleeding if injured.
questions 2026 Exam Questions and
verified Answers
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, in
hemoglobin, and hematocrit.
Decreased O2 carrying capacity
Causes of anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS •Acute loss of blood/ Inadequate levels of iron, folic
acid, Vitamin B12
•Premature destruction of blood cells called hemolysis (SCA)
•Kidney failure - due to decreased production of erythropoietin
Aplastic anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS •Suppression of RBCs, WBCs, & platelets in the bone
marrow
•Also called pancytopenia
•Can be caused by chemo, radiation treatments or be autoimmune (leukemia)
Normal RBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS 3.5-5 million
Elevated RBC count called - CORRECT ANSWERS polycythemia
Decreased RBC count called - CORRECT ANSWERS Anemia
Normal Hemoglobin - CORRECT ANSWERS 12 - 15 mg/dL
, normal hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWERS 35-45%
or 3 x Hb
Normal WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS 5,000-10,000/mm3
Elevated WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS leukocytosis--> increased infection
Decreased WBC count - CORRECT ANSWERS Neutropenia
decreased in chemo & bone marrow depression
Normal platelet count - CORRECT ANSWERS 150,000-400,000/mm3
elevated platelets - CORRECT ANSWERS thrombocytosis-->clotting
decreased platelets - CORRECT ANSWERS thrombocytopenia-->bleeding
Test for coumadin - CORRECT ANSWERS PT/INR
Test for warfarin - CORRECT ANSWERS PTT
Cause of sickle cell crisis - CORRECT ANSWERS •Caused by fragments of RBCs getting stuck in
the terminal section of vessels
•Treatment includes transfusion, prevention of dehydration
Hemophilia - CORRECT ANSWERS An X-linked recessive disorder in which blood fails to clot
properly, leading to excessive bleeding if injured.
