Latest WGU D236
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM
2022/2023. 300+ REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
Describe how your body responds to anANSWE - T cells
infection. - R produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells
produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital ANSWE
abnormalities. - R
Mutations in genes or chromosomal
abnormalities
-
How does development disruptsANSWER
congenital abnormalities? - -
Alterations of
DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how
disruptions affect wellbeing. -
ANSWER (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause
- n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER- Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
> vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve
sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
wgu
,DKA - ANSWER increased anion
- gap, decreased
HCO3
How do kidneysANSWE - retain H
compensate for alkalosisR and excrete
-
HCO
3
Untreated acidosis leads to anANSWE
increase in which electrolyte? - R-
Potassiu
m
West Nile Virus - ANSWER- Transmitted through the bite of an
infected mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever,
headache and stiff neck
Lyme diseaseNSWE - Tick-borne disease caused by the
-A R spirochete Borrelia
burgdorf
eri.
Erythema ANSWE - a febrile upper respiratory illness
infectiosum - R in a child
followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed
cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with .
- ANSWERSpina bifida
Trousseau's - - arm/carpal spasm associated with
sign ANSWER hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER- results from failure of
neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is- -
more common in ANSWEmale
R s
Prenatal exposure toANSW - ND-PAE,
alcohol includes - ER decreased
brain
function,
FAS
Connective vs muscleANSW -
wgu
,tissue disorders - ER Connecti
ve- RA,
Scleroderm
a, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular
dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe ANSW - Inflammatory disorder
Lupus - ER characterized by joint
pain
and
butterfly
rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER- It is an autoimmune
disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes
weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along
with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatit ANSWE - inflammation
is - R of the skin
eczem ANSWE - noninfectious,
a- R inflammatory skin
disease characterized
by
redness, blisters, scabs,
and itching
decubitus ANSWE - sore caused by
ulcer - R lying down for
long periods of
time
Fungal ANSWE superficial,
infections - R- localized skin
conditions or
deep
tissue infections caused by
exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign ANSWE - noncancerous growths, stationary,
neoplasm - R distinct borders
malignant ANSWE - uncontrolled new tissue growth,
wgu
, neoplasm - R irregular
borders,
spreads
Osteoporosi ANSWE - The loss of bone mass often due to age,
s- R causing the
bones to become porous, brittle, and
easily fractured.
osteomalac ANSWE - disease marked by softening of the
ia - R bone caused by
calcium and vitamin D
deficiency
myoglobi ANSWE - red pigment that stores oxygen in
n- R muscle cells
Bursa - ANSWER- fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of
one part of a joint over another
Rickets ANSWER a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting
- - in soft bones
Degenerative disk disease - ANSWER- A condition in which an
intervertebral disk loses its normal structural integrity as a result
of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or aging
Paget disease - ANSWER- Chronic inflammation of bones,
resulting in thickening and softening of bones, that can occur in
any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the legs,
the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
communiuted ANSWE - splintered into many
fracture - R pieces
Three types of skin ANSWE - 1. Basal cell
cancer - R carcinoma
2. Squamous cell
carcinoma
3. Melanoma
basal cell carcinoma - ANSWER- Most common and least severe
type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly
nodules. Rarely metastasize, most common on face due to sun
exposure
squamous cellANSWE - Type of skin cancer more
wgu
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL
EXAM
2022/2023. 300+ REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
Describe how your body responds to anANSWE - T cells
infection. - R produce
cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells
produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital ANSWE
abnormalities. - R
Mutations in genes or chromosomal
abnormalities
-
How does development disruptsANSWER
congenital abnormalities? - -
Alterations of
DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how
disruptions affect wellbeing. -
ANSWER (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause
- n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER- Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
> vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve
sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
wgu
,DKA - ANSWER increased anion
- gap, decreased
HCO3
How do kidneysANSWE - retain H
compensate for alkalosisR and excrete
-
HCO
3
Untreated acidosis leads to anANSWE
increase in which electrolyte? - R-
Potassiu
m
West Nile Virus - ANSWER- Transmitted through the bite of an
infected mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever,
headache and stiff neck
Lyme diseaseNSWE - Tick-borne disease caused by the
-A R spirochete Borrelia
burgdorf
eri.
Erythema ANSWE - a febrile upper respiratory illness
infectiosum - R in a child
followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed
cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with .
- ANSWERSpina bifida
Trousseau's - - arm/carpal spasm associated with
sign ANSWER hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER- results from failure of
neural tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is- -
more common in ANSWEmale
R s
Prenatal exposure toANSW - ND-PAE,
alcohol includes - ER decreased
brain
function,
FAS
Connective vs muscleANSW -
wgu
,tissue disorders - ER Connecti
ve- RA,
Scleroderm
a, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular
dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe ANSW - Inflammatory disorder
Lupus - ER characterized by joint
pain
and
butterfly
rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER- It is an autoimmune
disorder where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes
weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along
with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatit ANSWE - inflammation
is - R of the skin
eczem ANSWE - noninfectious,
a- R inflammatory skin
disease characterized
by
redness, blisters, scabs,
and itching
decubitus ANSWE - sore caused by
ulcer - R lying down for
long periods of
time
Fungal ANSWE superficial,
infections - R- localized skin
conditions or
deep
tissue infections caused by
exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign ANSWE - noncancerous growths, stationary,
neoplasm - R distinct borders
malignant ANSWE - uncontrolled new tissue growth,
wgu
, neoplasm - R irregular
borders,
spreads
Osteoporosi ANSWE - The loss of bone mass often due to age,
s- R causing the
bones to become porous, brittle, and
easily fractured.
osteomalac ANSWE - disease marked by softening of the
ia - R bone caused by
calcium and vitamin D
deficiency
myoglobi ANSWE - red pigment that stores oxygen in
n- R muscle cells
Bursa - ANSWER- fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of
one part of a joint over another
Rickets ANSWER a vitamin D deficiency in children, resulting
- - in soft bones
Degenerative disk disease - ANSWER- A condition in which an
intervertebral disk loses its normal structural integrity as a result
of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or aging
Paget disease - ANSWER- Chronic inflammation of bones,
resulting in thickening and softening of bones, that can occur in
any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the legs,
the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
communiuted ANSWE - splintered into many
fracture - R pieces
Three types of skin ANSWE - 1. Basal cell
cancer - R carcinoma
2. Squamous cell
carcinoma
3. Melanoma
basal cell carcinoma - ANSWER- Most common and least severe
type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly
nodules. Rarely metastasize, most common on face due to sun
exposure
squamous cellANSWE - Type of skin cancer more
wgu
