Mathematical Analysis of Dead Area
in RFID Systems
Muhammed Genc
Cyber Security
Staffordshire University
London, United Kingdom
Keywords— RFID, dead area, expansion of plane wave. the technology has been improving and the costs of
introducing and using an RFID device have continued to
I. INTRODUCTION decline, making the RFID an affordable and reliable
alternative to traditional optical scanning. RFID technology
The technology that uses wireless communication standard requirements for security and privacy issues have
technology for its user to differentiate marked items or been established [4]. These standards use on-chip
object is known as RFID. RFID stands for Radio Frequency untraceability encryption methods and authentication of the
Identification. RFID has become an affordable technology. It tag and reader with digital signature details. RFID transmits
has spent decades in military, airline, library, health, health, data to a reader through various electromagnetic field
sport, pet farms and in other sectors and is not a new frequencies. RFID tags are classified according to their
technology. Industries use RFID in different applications, frequency of operation. Following are the frequency ranges
such as personnel/vehicle access control, protection in for RFID tag such as low, high, passive, and active tags. The
department store, monitoring devices, luggage, fast-food, benefits of using RFID technology over other conventional
logistics and so on. The enhancement of RFID technology manufacturing methods are that there is no need to search
has brought benefits relating to the optimization of or identify a view line. This gives the manufacturing and
resources, improved performance of business processes and supply chain process flexibility. However, the technology
increased customer service, improvement in business could also be vulnerable to software attacks, which is a main
operations in general and healthcare [3]. downside to remember. In the past several service
industries, purchasing and manufacturing companies have
made RFID systems (Radio Frequency Identification) very
common. If a transponder is mounted in the neighborhood
of the leading plate without its own voltage, though in the
area of questions to the reader, the reader cannot obtain
the ID signal. The dead area in the RFID system is estimated
by the authors[1]. This paper examines the dead area of the
RFID scheme. At various angles is formulated the current
distribution developed on the square leading panel as
integration of the current distribution by flat waves.
Dispersed electrical field calculation and debate. Near the
lead plate is the electric field distribution and the dead area
is addressed [2].
Fig. 1 Basic RFID System. II. EXPANSION PLAN
The technology which uses Radio Waves in order to In the spherical coordinate system, the scalar Helmholtz
locate an object by marking tags which are available on an equation is expressed accordingly.
object is known as Radio frequency identification which is 2
1 ∂ 2 ∂ψ 1 ∂ ψ 1 ∂ ∂ψ
commonly known as RFID [5]. RFID technology is an
important method for logistics applications and is being
2
r ∂r
r( + 2 2) 2
+ 2
∂ r r sin θ ∂ φ r sinθ ∂θ
sin θ
∂θ
2
+k ψ=0 ( )
used to optimize supply chains and manufacturing processes
through various industries. The secret to an RFID strategy is ψ=R ( r ) Θ ( θ ) ϕ ( φ )
to bring technology into line with the company's objectives,
d 2 dR
such as reducing manufacturing costs, improved
relationships with customers, optimizing business dr (
r
dr )
+ {k 2 r 2−n ( n+1 ) } R=0 … … … .. ( 2 )
operations and more. Therefore, this will achieve their goals 2
1 d dΘ m
with RFID technology. Effective and profitable production is
a common aim in all sectors, not to mention the electronics sin θ dθ (
sin θ
dθ ){
+ n ( n+1 ) − 2 Θ=0 … … ( 3 )
sin θ }
industry. For this reason, RFID technology was developed. d2 ϕ 2
The detection of radio frequencies can be used for inventory +m ϕ=0 … … . ( 4 )
tracking, data collection, logistics analysis and production d φ2
flows to improve the production process. Over the years,
in RFID Systems
Muhammed Genc
Cyber Security
Staffordshire University
London, United Kingdom
Keywords— RFID, dead area, expansion of plane wave. the technology has been improving and the costs of
introducing and using an RFID device have continued to
I. INTRODUCTION decline, making the RFID an affordable and reliable
alternative to traditional optical scanning. RFID technology
The technology that uses wireless communication standard requirements for security and privacy issues have
technology for its user to differentiate marked items or been established [4]. These standards use on-chip
object is known as RFID. RFID stands for Radio Frequency untraceability encryption methods and authentication of the
Identification. RFID has become an affordable technology. It tag and reader with digital signature details. RFID transmits
has spent decades in military, airline, library, health, health, data to a reader through various electromagnetic field
sport, pet farms and in other sectors and is not a new frequencies. RFID tags are classified according to their
technology. Industries use RFID in different applications, frequency of operation. Following are the frequency ranges
such as personnel/vehicle access control, protection in for RFID tag such as low, high, passive, and active tags. The
department store, monitoring devices, luggage, fast-food, benefits of using RFID technology over other conventional
logistics and so on. The enhancement of RFID technology manufacturing methods are that there is no need to search
has brought benefits relating to the optimization of or identify a view line. This gives the manufacturing and
resources, improved performance of business processes and supply chain process flexibility. However, the technology
increased customer service, improvement in business could also be vulnerable to software attacks, which is a main
operations in general and healthcare [3]. downside to remember. In the past several service
industries, purchasing and manufacturing companies have
made RFID systems (Radio Frequency Identification) very
common. If a transponder is mounted in the neighborhood
of the leading plate without its own voltage, though in the
area of questions to the reader, the reader cannot obtain
the ID signal. The dead area in the RFID system is estimated
by the authors[1]. This paper examines the dead area of the
RFID scheme. At various angles is formulated the current
distribution developed on the square leading panel as
integration of the current distribution by flat waves.
Dispersed electrical field calculation and debate. Near the
lead plate is the electric field distribution and the dead area
is addressed [2].
Fig. 1 Basic RFID System. II. EXPANSION PLAN
The technology which uses Radio Waves in order to In the spherical coordinate system, the scalar Helmholtz
locate an object by marking tags which are available on an equation is expressed accordingly.
object is known as Radio frequency identification which is 2
1 ∂ 2 ∂ψ 1 ∂ ψ 1 ∂ ∂ψ
commonly known as RFID [5]. RFID technology is an
important method for logistics applications and is being
2
r ∂r
r( + 2 2) 2
+ 2
∂ r r sin θ ∂ φ r sinθ ∂θ
sin θ
∂θ
2
+k ψ=0 ( )
used to optimize supply chains and manufacturing processes
through various industries. The secret to an RFID strategy is ψ=R ( r ) Θ ( θ ) ϕ ( φ )
to bring technology into line with the company's objectives,
d 2 dR
such as reducing manufacturing costs, improved
relationships with customers, optimizing business dr (
r
dr )
+ {k 2 r 2−n ( n+1 ) } R=0 … … … .. ( 2 )
operations and more. Therefore, this will achieve their goals 2
1 d dΘ m
with RFID technology. Effective and profitable production is
a common aim in all sectors, not to mention the electronics sin θ dθ (
sin θ
dθ ){
+ n ( n+1 ) − 2 Θ=0 … … ( 3 )
sin θ }
industry. For this reason, RFID technology was developed. d2 ϕ 2
The detection of radio frequencies can be used for inventory +m ϕ=0 … … . ( 4 )
tracking, data collection, logistics analysis and production d φ2
flows to improve the production process. Over the years,
