PTAP 2230 Exam 1 Questions With
Accurate Answers
What is the outermost layer of the skin? What is its function? - ANSWER
Epidermis - Contains melanocytes, Protects the skin from water loss, physical
damage and sensation.
What is the dermis? What is its function? - ANSWER Layer below the epidermis
and is composed of collagen and elastin fibers.
Supplies nutrients and oxygen to the skin through the capillary bed, supports
skin structure and strength.
What structures are in the dermis? - ANSWER - Blood and lymphatic vessels
- Nerve endings
- Hair follicles
- Sebaceous and sweat glands
- Fibroblasts
What is the hypodermis? What does it contain? - ANSWER - Composed of
adipose and connective tissue
- Contains major blood and lymph vessels and nerves
What is the physiology of the skin? - ANSWER - Protection from infection and
water loss
- Excretion of water and waste (urea and uric acid)
- Sensory perception through nerve endings and identify and avoid danger
- Thermoregulation vasodilation increasing sweat production when temp is
increased and vasoconstriction when exposed to cold or decreased body temp
- Metabolism and synthesizes vitamin D and maintains mineralization of bones
and teeth
- Absorption of some drugs directly into the bloodstream
What are the phases of healing? - ANSWER Phase 1: inflammation days 1-10
Phase 2: Proliferation days 3-21
Phase 3: Remodeling/maturation 7 days - 2 years
What happens in phase 1 of healing? - ANSWER Inflammation occurs,
neutrophils destroy bacteria, initially blood vessels constrict do minimize blood
loss, vasodilation occurs after to facilitate healing by increasing blood flow.
What happens in phase 2 of healing? - ANSWER Angiogenesis (formation of new
blood vessels), fibroblasts secrete collagen and new tissue fills wounds.
, What happens in phase 3 of healing? - ANSWER Decrease capillaries and scar
tissue contracts/matures.
What are PT interventions for phase 1 and 2 of healing? - ANSWER - Promote
healing
- Promote blood flow and tissue oxygenation
What are PT interventions for phase 3 of healing? - ANSWER - Do not disrupt
repair process
- Promote blood flow and tissue oxygenation
- Promote scar tissue remodeling
Where does epithelialization happen first? - ANSWER First happens in the
epidermis
Granulation tissue is usually located in what part of the wound? - ANSWER
Wound bed
What are normal drainages? - ANSWER Serous: Clear, thin, watery
Sanguineous: Red, thin, watery
Serosanguinous: Red or pink, thin, watery
What are abnormal drainages? - ANSWER Seropurulent: Cloudy or opaque,
yellow or tan, thin, watery
Purulent: Yellow or green, thick, viscous
What is dehiscense? - ANSWER An unintentional opening of a surgically closed
wound
What does a red wound bed mean? - ANSWER Normal healing due to granulation
tissue
What does yellow wound bed mean? - ANSWER Fibrin left from healing process,
yellow slough which is a medium for bacteria growth so it must be cleaned out
What does black wound bed mean? - ANSWER Eschar that indicates necrosis,
this wound cannot be accurately assessed.
What are signs of infection? - ANSWER - Changes in drainage
- Swelling
- Periwound redness
- Increased pain
- Change in quality of granulation tissue
- No measurable wound contraction in 2-4 weeks
- Fever, nausea, fatigue, or loss of appetite
Accurate Answers
What is the outermost layer of the skin? What is its function? - ANSWER
Epidermis - Contains melanocytes, Protects the skin from water loss, physical
damage and sensation.
What is the dermis? What is its function? - ANSWER Layer below the epidermis
and is composed of collagen and elastin fibers.
Supplies nutrients and oxygen to the skin through the capillary bed, supports
skin structure and strength.
What structures are in the dermis? - ANSWER - Blood and lymphatic vessels
- Nerve endings
- Hair follicles
- Sebaceous and sweat glands
- Fibroblasts
What is the hypodermis? What does it contain? - ANSWER - Composed of
adipose and connective tissue
- Contains major blood and lymph vessels and nerves
What is the physiology of the skin? - ANSWER - Protection from infection and
water loss
- Excretion of water and waste (urea and uric acid)
- Sensory perception through nerve endings and identify and avoid danger
- Thermoregulation vasodilation increasing sweat production when temp is
increased and vasoconstriction when exposed to cold or decreased body temp
- Metabolism and synthesizes vitamin D and maintains mineralization of bones
and teeth
- Absorption of some drugs directly into the bloodstream
What are the phases of healing? - ANSWER Phase 1: inflammation days 1-10
Phase 2: Proliferation days 3-21
Phase 3: Remodeling/maturation 7 days - 2 years
What happens in phase 1 of healing? - ANSWER Inflammation occurs,
neutrophils destroy bacteria, initially blood vessels constrict do minimize blood
loss, vasodilation occurs after to facilitate healing by increasing blood flow.
What happens in phase 2 of healing? - ANSWER Angiogenesis (formation of new
blood vessels), fibroblasts secrete collagen and new tissue fills wounds.
, What happens in phase 3 of healing? - ANSWER Decrease capillaries and scar
tissue contracts/matures.
What are PT interventions for phase 1 and 2 of healing? - ANSWER - Promote
healing
- Promote blood flow and tissue oxygenation
What are PT interventions for phase 3 of healing? - ANSWER - Do not disrupt
repair process
- Promote blood flow and tissue oxygenation
- Promote scar tissue remodeling
Where does epithelialization happen first? - ANSWER First happens in the
epidermis
Granulation tissue is usually located in what part of the wound? - ANSWER
Wound bed
What are normal drainages? - ANSWER Serous: Clear, thin, watery
Sanguineous: Red, thin, watery
Serosanguinous: Red or pink, thin, watery
What are abnormal drainages? - ANSWER Seropurulent: Cloudy or opaque,
yellow or tan, thin, watery
Purulent: Yellow or green, thick, viscous
What is dehiscense? - ANSWER An unintentional opening of a surgically closed
wound
What does a red wound bed mean? - ANSWER Normal healing due to granulation
tissue
What does yellow wound bed mean? - ANSWER Fibrin left from healing process,
yellow slough which is a medium for bacteria growth so it must be cleaned out
What does black wound bed mean? - ANSWER Eschar that indicates necrosis,
this wound cannot be accurately assessed.
What are signs of infection? - ANSWER - Changes in drainage
- Swelling
- Periwound redness
- Increased pain
- Change in quality of granulation tissue
- No measurable wound contraction in 2-4 weeks
- Fever, nausea, fatigue, or loss of appetite
