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NURS 617 EXAM 1 LATEST 2026-2027 ACTUAL EXAM WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
The most common cause of hypoxic injury is:
a. chemical toxicity.
b. free radicals.
c. malnutrition.
d. ischemia. - ANSWER-d. ischemia.
Rationale: Hypoxic injury results from a lack of oxygen. The
most common cause of this type of cell injury is ischemia, a
decrease in blood flow to the tissue.
The process of muscle hypertrophy involves an increase in:
a. cell division.
b. plasma membrane thickness.
c. protein synthesis.
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d. water accumulation. - ANSWER-c. protein synthesis.
Rationale: The process of muscle hypertrophy involves an
increase in protein synthesis to produce larger, stronger
muscle cells.
Tissue ischemia and a decrease in mitochondrial oxygenation
result in:
a. cellular dehydration.
b. calcium accumulation outside the cell.
c. decreased ATP production.
d. increased protein synthesis. - ANSWER-c. decreased ATP
production.
Rationale: A decrease in oxygen delivery results in a
decrease in ATP production.
Vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta-carotene are molecules in food
that act as:
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a. receptor blockers.
b. antioxidants.
c. poisons.
d. free radicals. - ANSWER-b. antioxidants.
Rationale: Vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta-carotene are
antioxidants that attract and neutralize unpaired electrons to
protect against free radical injury.
Which of the following molecules is likely to accumulate in any
dead or dying tissues?
a. Calcium
b. Uric acid
c. Melanin
d. Protein - ANSWER-a. Calcium
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Rationale: When calcium pumps fail due to mitochondrial
injury, calcium accumulates in the cytoplasm and contributes
to irreversible cellular injury and cell death.
Why is carbon monoxide exposure a life-threatening condition?
a. Carbon monoxide causes the release of toxic amounts of iron
from the tissues.
b. Inhalation of carbon monoxide interferes with oxygen diffusion
in the lungs.
c. Carbon dioxide removal from the tissues is inhibited.
d. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin and prevents normal
oxygen transport to tissues. - ANSWER-d. Carbon monoxide
binds to hemoglobin and prevents normal oxygen transport to
tissues.
Which of the following molecules accumulates in liver cells as a
result of alcohol abuse?
a. Fat (lipids)
NURS 617 EXAM 1 LATEST 2026-2027 ACTUAL EXAM WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (100%
VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+| ||PROFESSOR
VERIFIED|| ||BRANDNEW!!!||
The most common cause of hypoxic injury is:
a. chemical toxicity.
b. free radicals.
c. malnutrition.
d. ischemia. - ANSWER-d. ischemia.
Rationale: Hypoxic injury results from a lack of oxygen. The
most common cause of this type of cell injury is ischemia, a
decrease in blood flow to the tissue.
The process of muscle hypertrophy involves an increase in:
a. cell division.
b. plasma membrane thickness.
c. protein synthesis.
,2|Page
d. water accumulation. - ANSWER-c. protein synthesis.
Rationale: The process of muscle hypertrophy involves an
increase in protein synthesis to produce larger, stronger
muscle cells.
Tissue ischemia and a decrease in mitochondrial oxygenation
result in:
a. cellular dehydration.
b. calcium accumulation outside the cell.
c. decreased ATP production.
d. increased protein synthesis. - ANSWER-c. decreased ATP
production.
Rationale: A decrease in oxygen delivery results in a
decrease in ATP production.
Vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta-carotene are molecules in food
that act as:
,3|Page
a. receptor blockers.
b. antioxidants.
c. poisons.
d. free radicals. - ANSWER-b. antioxidants.
Rationale: Vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta-carotene are
antioxidants that attract and neutralize unpaired electrons to
protect against free radical injury.
Which of the following molecules is likely to accumulate in any
dead or dying tissues?
a. Calcium
b. Uric acid
c. Melanin
d. Protein - ANSWER-a. Calcium
, 4|Page
Rationale: When calcium pumps fail due to mitochondrial
injury, calcium accumulates in the cytoplasm and contributes
to irreversible cellular injury and cell death.
Why is carbon monoxide exposure a life-threatening condition?
a. Carbon monoxide causes the release of toxic amounts of iron
from the tissues.
b. Inhalation of carbon monoxide interferes with oxygen diffusion
in the lungs.
c. Carbon dioxide removal from the tissues is inhibited.
d. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin and prevents normal
oxygen transport to tissues. - ANSWER-d. Carbon monoxide
binds to hemoglobin and prevents normal oxygen transport to
tissues.
Which of the following molecules accumulates in liver cells as a
result of alcohol abuse?
a. Fat (lipids)
