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AORN PERIOP 101 2025-2026 FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
COMPLETE SOLUTION RATED A
General Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>a drug-induced reversible state of unconsciousness, it
includes amnesia, analgesia, loss of responsiveness, decreased stress response, and loss of skeletal
muscle reflexes to varying degree
Regional Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>an injection of local anesthetics near nerve fibers to cause
reversible loss of sensation over an area of the body, common examples include spinal, epidural, and
peripheral nerve blocks
Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) - CORRECT ANSWER>>when an anesthesia provider monitors the
patient, administers sedatives and other agents as needed, and provides medical services as needed
Moderate Sedation - CORRECT ANSWER>>the administration of sedative, analgesic, and/or anxiolytic
agents by a physician or under physician supervision. Depending on state laws and hospital policies, a
perioperative nurse may be able to administer this type of anesthesia
Local Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>The infiltration or topical administration of agents to
anesthetize a part of the body. It is typically used for minor procedures, does not involve an anesthesia
provider, and does not involve sedation. A perioperative nurse monitors the patient and provides
supportive care if needed.
All the following professionals are qualified to provide anesthesia to a patient EXCEPT:
a) anesthesiologist
b) CRNA
c) anesthesiology assistant
d) operating surgeon - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) operating surgeon
Of the following, which is not used to secure airway: a)
ET tube
b) LMA
c) nasal cannula
d) oral airway - CORRECT ANSWER>>c) nasal cannula
The perioperative team should know the location of equipment stored in the OR and in the
department. Equipment that the anesthesia provider may request includes: a) video laryngoscopy
devices
b) fiberoptic bronchoscopes
c) suction tips and devices
d) all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) all of the above
,2
The phases of general anesthesia, in order, are:
a) induction, maintenance, emergence
b) emergence, maintenance, induction
c) maintenance, emergence, induction
d) induction, emergence, maintenance - CORRECT ANSWER>>a) induction, maintenance, emergence
Propofol - CORRECT ANSWER>>IV induction agent
etomidate - CORRECT ANSWER>>IV induction agent
methohexitol - CORRECT ANSWER>>IV induction agent
IV induction agent - CORRECT ANSWER>>ketamine
sevoflurane with or without nitric oxide - CORRECT ANSWER>>inhaled induction agent
Succinylcholine - CORRECT ANSWER>>short-acting muscle relaxant
cisatracurium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
atracurium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
rocuronium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
vecuronium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
pancuronium - CORRECT ANSWER>>long-acting muscle relaxant
isoflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>used for inhalation maintenance
desflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>used for inhalation maintenance
total iv anesthesia (TIVA) - CORRECT ANSWER>>a technique for maintaining anesthesia using infusions
of short-acting IV agents without inhalation anesthetics. Propofol and remifentanil are often used for
TIVA.
Reversal agent for succinylcholine - CORRECT ANSWER>>none!
neostigmine - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal for muscle relaxant (except succinylcholine)
edrophonium - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal for muscle relaxant (except succinylcholine)
sugammadex - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal agent for rocuronium, vecuronium, and pancuronium
,3
flumazenil - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal agent for benzos (midazolam)
naloxone - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal agent for narcotics (fentanyl)
which of the following type of airway maintenance usually requires muscle relazants?
a) spontaneous respiration
b) mask ventilation
c) laryngeal mask airway
d) endotracheal intubation - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) endotracheal intubation
When should cricoid pressure be released? a)
if the patient coughs
b) when the patient loses consciousness
c) if the anesthesia provider cannot see the vocal cords
d) after the cuff of the ET tube is inflated and the position is confirmed - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) after
the cuff of the ET tube is inflated and the position is confirmed
lidocaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>local anesthetic
bupivacaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>local anesthetic
ropivacaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>local anesthetic
tetracaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>for long-acting spinal anesthesia
epinephrine (anesthesia) - CORRECT ANSWER>>added to increase density and duration of a regional
block
bicarbonate (anesthesia) - CORRECT ANSWER>>sometimes added to reduce the acidity of the local
anesthetic and speed the onset of the block
Spinal Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>the subarachnoid space is entered and local anesthetic is
injected directly into the spinal canal, pt sitting or lateral
Epidural Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>the anesthesia care provider finds the space between the
ligamentum flavum and dura, this space is identified by a loss of resistance as the needle is advanced, a
single dose of anesthetic can be injected, or a catheter can be placed
IV regional anesthesia (Bier Block) - CORRECT ANSWER>>used for procedures on hand, wrist, or forearm
(double tourniquet method)
Local Anesthetic System Toxicity (LAST) - CORRECT ANSWER>>can occur if unsafe amount of local
anesthetic enters bloodstream, can occur slowly as med is absorbed over time, or quickly if accidentally
injected into blood vessel
, 4
CAN PROGRESS TO SEIZURES AND CARDIAC OR RESP ARREST
Symptoms of LAST - CORRECT ANSWER>>-ringing in ears
-tingling lips
-metallic taste in mouth
-dizziness
Sedation can be used with any of the following types of anesthesia except:
a) regional anesthesia
b) monitored anesthesia care
c) general anesthesia
d) local anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) local anesthesia
Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) - CORRECT ANSWER>>a rare but potentially life-threatening complication
of anesthesia, triggered by inhaled general anesthetic agents and the muscle relaxant succinylcholine
Complications of MH - CORRECT ANSWER>>it can lead to cardiac arrest, brain damage, organ failure,
and death
increased end-tidal CO2 - CORRECT ANSWER>>most specific sign of MH
Dantrolene - CORRECT ANSWER>>drug used to treat MH
Hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER>>a core body temperature <36c (<96.8F)
Which of the following is associated with increased risk for hypothermia?
a) female sex
b) higher than normal body weight
c) hyperthyroid
d) hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER>>a) female sex
Identify the active warming devices a)
circulating water garments
b) cotton blankets
c) forced-air warming devices
d) increased ambient room temperature
e) surgical drapes
d) warmed IV fluids - CORRECT ANSWER>>a) circulating water garments
c) forced-air warming devices
d) increased ambient room temperature
f) warmed IV fluids
Which of the following would be an appropriate action for the perioperative nurse when assisting with
anesthesia?
AORN PERIOP 101 2025-2026 FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
COMPLETE SOLUTION RATED A
General Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>a drug-induced reversible state of unconsciousness, it
includes amnesia, analgesia, loss of responsiveness, decreased stress response, and loss of skeletal
muscle reflexes to varying degree
Regional Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>an injection of local anesthetics near nerve fibers to cause
reversible loss of sensation over an area of the body, common examples include spinal, epidural, and
peripheral nerve blocks
Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) - CORRECT ANSWER>>when an anesthesia provider monitors the
patient, administers sedatives and other agents as needed, and provides medical services as needed
Moderate Sedation - CORRECT ANSWER>>the administration of sedative, analgesic, and/or anxiolytic
agents by a physician or under physician supervision. Depending on state laws and hospital policies, a
perioperative nurse may be able to administer this type of anesthesia
Local Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>The infiltration or topical administration of agents to
anesthetize a part of the body. It is typically used for minor procedures, does not involve an anesthesia
provider, and does not involve sedation. A perioperative nurse monitors the patient and provides
supportive care if needed.
All the following professionals are qualified to provide anesthesia to a patient EXCEPT:
a) anesthesiologist
b) CRNA
c) anesthesiology assistant
d) operating surgeon - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) operating surgeon
Of the following, which is not used to secure airway: a)
ET tube
b) LMA
c) nasal cannula
d) oral airway - CORRECT ANSWER>>c) nasal cannula
The perioperative team should know the location of equipment stored in the OR and in the
department. Equipment that the anesthesia provider may request includes: a) video laryngoscopy
devices
b) fiberoptic bronchoscopes
c) suction tips and devices
d) all of the above - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) all of the above
,2
The phases of general anesthesia, in order, are:
a) induction, maintenance, emergence
b) emergence, maintenance, induction
c) maintenance, emergence, induction
d) induction, emergence, maintenance - CORRECT ANSWER>>a) induction, maintenance, emergence
Propofol - CORRECT ANSWER>>IV induction agent
etomidate - CORRECT ANSWER>>IV induction agent
methohexitol - CORRECT ANSWER>>IV induction agent
IV induction agent - CORRECT ANSWER>>ketamine
sevoflurane with or without nitric oxide - CORRECT ANSWER>>inhaled induction agent
Succinylcholine - CORRECT ANSWER>>short-acting muscle relaxant
cisatracurium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
atracurium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
rocuronium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
vecuronium - CORRECT ANSWER>>intermediate-acting muscle relaxant
pancuronium - CORRECT ANSWER>>long-acting muscle relaxant
isoflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>used for inhalation maintenance
desflurane - CORRECT ANSWER>>used for inhalation maintenance
total iv anesthesia (TIVA) - CORRECT ANSWER>>a technique for maintaining anesthesia using infusions
of short-acting IV agents without inhalation anesthetics. Propofol and remifentanil are often used for
TIVA.
Reversal agent for succinylcholine - CORRECT ANSWER>>none!
neostigmine - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal for muscle relaxant (except succinylcholine)
edrophonium - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal for muscle relaxant (except succinylcholine)
sugammadex - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal agent for rocuronium, vecuronium, and pancuronium
,3
flumazenil - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal agent for benzos (midazolam)
naloxone - CORRECT ANSWER>>reversal agent for narcotics (fentanyl)
which of the following type of airway maintenance usually requires muscle relazants?
a) spontaneous respiration
b) mask ventilation
c) laryngeal mask airway
d) endotracheal intubation - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) endotracheal intubation
When should cricoid pressure be released? a)
if the patient coughs
b) when the patient loses consciousness
c) if the anesthesia provider cannot see the vocal cords
d) after the cuff of the ET tube is inflated and the position is confirmed - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) after
the cuff of the ET tube is inflated and the position is confirmed
lidocaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>local anesthetic
bupivacaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>local anesthetic
ropivacaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>local anesthetic
tetracaine - CORRECT ANSWER>>for long-acting spinal anesthesia
epinephrine (anesthesia) - CORRECT ANSWER>>added to increase density and duration of a regional
block
bicarbonate (anesthesia) - CORRECT ANSWER>>sometimes added to reduce the acidity of the local
anesthetic and speed the onset of the block
Spinal Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>the subarachnoid space is entered and local anesthetic is
injected directly into the spinal canal, pt sitting or lateral
Epidural Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>the anesthesia care provider finds the space between the
ligamentum flavum and dura, this space is identified by a loss of resistance as the needle is advanced, a
single dose of anesthetic can be injected, or a catheter can be placed
IV regional anesthesia (Bier Block) - CORRECT ANSWER>>used for procedures on hand, wrist, or forearm
(double tourniquet method)
Local Anesthetic System Toxicity (LAST) - CORRECT ANSWER>>can occur if unsafe amount of local
anesthetic enters bloodstream, can occur slowly as med is absorbed over time, or quickly if accidentally
injected into blood vessel
, 4
CAN PROGRESS TO SEIZURES AND CARDIAC OR RESP ARREST
Symptoms of LAST - CORRECT ANSWER>>-ringing in ears
-tingling lips
-metallic taste in mouth
-dizziness
Sedation can be used with any of the following types of anesthesia except:
a) regional anesthesia
b) monitored anesthesia care
c) general anesthesia
d) local anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWER>>d) local anesthesia
Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) - CORRECT ANSWER>>a rare but potentially life-threatening complication
of anesthesia, triggered by inhaled general anesthetic agents and the muscle relaxant succinylcholine
Complications of MH - CORRECT ANSWER>>it can lead to cardiac arrest, brain damage, organ failure,
and death
increased end-tidal CO2 - CORRECT ANSWER>>most specific sign of MH
Dantrolene - CORRECT ANSWER>>drug used to treat MH
Hypothermia - CORRECT ANSWER>>a core body temperature <36c (<96.8F)
Which of the following is associated with increased risk for hypothermia?
a) female sex
b) higher than normal body weight
c) hyperthyroid
d) hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER>>a) female sex
Identify the active warming devices a)
circulating water garments
b) cotton blankets
c) forced-air warming devices
d) increased ambient room temperature
e) surgical drapes
d) warmed IV fluids - CORRECT ANSWER>>a) circulating water garments
c) forced-air warming devices
d) increased ambient room temperature
f) warmed IV fluids
Which of the following would be an appropriate action for the perioperative nurse when assisting with
anesthesia?
