NSG 530 Exam 2 Advanced Pathophysiology – 69 Original Practice
Questions with Answers in Bold Italic & Detailed Italicized Rationales–
Wilkes University – Pass on First Attempt
Covering; Pulmonary System, Immunologic Disorders, Hypersensitivity
Reactions, Autoimmune Diseases, Immunodeficiencies, HIV/AIDS,
Hematologic Disorders, Vascular Diseases, and Cardiac Disorders
Short Overview
This NSG 530 Exam 2 direct content practice test includes 69 original multiple-choice
questions covering advanced pathophysiology for Wilkes University.
Topics Covered:
Pulmonary system (ARDS, asthma, COPD, pneumonia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia)
Immunologic disorders (hypersensitivity types I-IV, autoimmunity, alloimmunity)
Autoimmune diseases (SLE, Graves', rheumatic heart disease)
Immunodeficiencies (HIV/AIDS, DiGeorge, SCID)
Hematologic disorders (polycythemia vera, sickle cell, anemias, lymphomas)
Vascular diseases (venous insufficiency, hypertension, aneurysms)
Cardiac disorders (heart failure, valvular disease, MI)
1. A patient diagnosed as HIV positive several years ago. Which blood test is most
clinically useful for determining the stage and severity of the disease?
A) Viral load
B) CD4+ cell counts
C) Complete blood count
D) HIV antibody test
Answer: B
*CD4+ cell counts are crucial in evaluating immune system status in HIV-infected patients.
,They determine severity of immunosuppression, guiding antiretroviral therapy initiation and
prognosis .*
2. When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens
expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?
A) Autoimmune
B) Alloimmune
C) Hypersensitivity
D) Immunodeficiency
Answer: B
Alloimmunity refers to immune responses against non-self antigens from the same species,
such as maternal immune response to paternal antigens expressed by the fetus during
pregnancy .
3. A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee and develops itching, pain, swelling, redness,
and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Localized allergic reaction
C) Hypersensitivity
D) Dermatitis
Answer: A
Anaphylaxis is a severe, immediate allergic reaction characterized by systemic symptoms
including swelling, respiratory distress, and shock due to release of mediators like
histamine .
4. The most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Rhinitis
C) Asthma
D) Urticaria
, Answer: A
Type I hypersensitivity reactions can lead to anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition
requiring immediate intervention to prevent fatal outcomes .
5. An example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
C) Serum sickness
D) Asthma
Answer: C
Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction occurring after
exposure to certain antigens, resulting in tissue damage from immune complex deposition .
6. A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has an example of:
A) Immunodeficiency
B) Autoimmunity
C) Hypersensitivity
D) Alloimmunity
Answer: B
SLE is characterized by the immune system's inappropriate response against the body's
own tissues, leading to multi-systemic involvement and chronic inflammation .
7. A 30-year-old female presents with fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine
color. Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation.
Assuming SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?
A) Infectious agents
B) Autoantibodies
C) Elevated blood glucose levels
D) Low blood pressure
Questions with Answers in Bold Italic & Detailed Italicized Rationales–
Wilkes University – Pass on First Attempt
Covering; Pulmonary System, Immunologic Disorders, Hypersensitivity
Reactions, Autoimmune Diseases, Immunodeficiencies, HIV/AIDS,
Hematologic Disorders, Vascular Diseases, and Cardiac Disorders
Short Overview
This NSG 530 Exam 2 direct content practice test includes 69 original multiple-choice
questions covering advanced pathophysiology for Wilkes University.
Topics Covered:
Pulmonary system (ARDS, asthma, COPD, pneumonia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia)
Immunologic disorders (hypersensitivity types I-IV, autoimmunity, alloimmunity)
Autoimmune diseases (SLE, Graves', rheumatic heart disease)
Immunodeficiencies (HIV/AIDS, DiGeorge, SCID)
Hematologic disorders (polycythemia vera, sickle cell, anemias, lymphomas)
Vascular diseases (venous insufficiency, hypertension, aneurysms)
Cardiac disorders (heart failure, valvular disease, MI)
1. A patient diagnosed as HIV positive several years ago. Which blood test is most
clinically useful for determining the stage and severity of the disease?
A) Viral load
B) CD4+ cell counts
C) Complete blood count
D) HIV antibody test
Answer: B
*CD4+ cell counts are crucial in evaluating immune system status in HIV-infected patients.
,They determine severity of immunosuppression, guiding antiretroviral therapy initiation and
prognosis .*
2. When the maternal immune system becomes sensitized against antigens
expressed by the fetus, what type of immune reaction occurs?
A) Autoimmune
B) Alloimmune
C) Hypersensitivity
D) Immunodeficiency
Answer: B
Alloimmunity refers to immune responses against non-self antigens from the same species,
such as maternal immune response to paternal antigens expressed by the fetus during
pregnancy .
3. A 10-year-old male is stung by a bee and develops itching, pain, swelling, redness,
and respiratory difficulties. He is suffering from:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Localized allergic reaction
C) Hypersensitivity
D) Dermatitis
Answer: A
Anaphylaxis is a severe, immediate allergic reaction characterized by systemic symptoms
including swelling, respiratory distress, and shock due to release of mediators like
histamine .
4. The most severe consequence of a type I hypersensitivity reaction is:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Rhinitis
C) Asthma
D) Urticaria
, Answer: A
Type I hypersensitivity reactions can lead to anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition
requiring immediate intervention to prevent fatal outcomes .
5. An example of an immune-complex-mediated disease is:
A) Anaphylaxis
B) Hemolytic disease of the newborn
C) Serum sickness
D) Asthma
Answer: C
Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction occurring after
exposure to certain antigens, resulting in tissue damage from immune complex deposition .
6. A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has an example of:
A) Immunodeficiency
B) Autoimmunity
C) Hypersensitivity
D) Alloimmunity
Answer: B
SLE is characterized by the immune system's inappropriate response against the body's
own tissues, leading to multi-systemic involvement and chronic inflammation .
7. A 30-year-old female presents with fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine
color. Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation.
Assuming SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?
A) Infectious agents
B) Autoantibodies
C) Elevated blood glucose levels
D) Low blood pressure
