ENT 101 - TORONTO METROPOLITAN
UNIVERSITY CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ when to give oral abx with acute otitis externa, what do you give?.
Answer: only if there is suspected cellulitis of outer ear with fluroquinolones
(ciprofloxacin)cover for pseudomonas
◍ acute otitis media treatment duration.
Answer: < 2 years old: 10 days2+ years old: 5-7 days
◍ post-strep glomerulonephritis.
Answer: immune response to glomeruli of kidney causing
inflammationprotein and blood in urine (tea/coke color)swelling of
face/eyes
◍ viral acute rhinitis pathogens.
Answer: rhinovirus parainfluenza virusinfluenza
◍ meningitis and intracranial abscess.
Answer: suspect with AMS, persistent fever, severe HA
◍ •IP INCLUDES.
Answer: •PATENTS•COPYRIGHTS•TRADEMARKS
◍ Acute otitis externa.
Answer: diffuse inflammation of the external auditory ear canal
◍ Fundamental Attribution Error.
Answer: •People often attribute far more success and far more failure to the
individual than the individual actually deserves
◍ sphenoid sinusitis sx.
Answer: usually occurs with pan sinusitis report of HA in middle of head,
, will point to vertex
◍ viral pharyngitis management.
Answer: supportive care: rest, fluidsdecongestants if congestedNSAIDs,
tylenol
◍ acute sinusitis symptoms.
Answer: nasal congestionfacial painmaxillary dental painfeverchange in
voicedecreased smell/tastecough that is worse when lying down
◍ B2B.
Answer: •Business to Business
◍ The Confirmation Trap.
Answer: •The tendency to see what we already believe and discard evident
to thecontrary
◍ serous otitis media symptoms.
Answer: ear pressure/clogged sensation, NOT PAINdecreased
hearingbalance problems tinnitus
◍ frontal sinusitis sx.
Answer: pain/tenderness in the forehead elicited by palpation of the orbital
roof below medial end of eyebrow
◍ •DEVELOPING CUSTOMER PROFILES.
Answer: •ANALYZE AND UNDERSTAND DIFFERENT USERS
◍ treatment for acute otitis externa with TM rupture.
Answer: a fluoroquinolone drop such as cipro or ofloxacinmight come with
dexamethasonewe use this because they are NOT ototoxicNOT
neomycin/polymyxin B
◍ cavernous sinus thrombosis.
Answer: inf spread through hematogenous routeopthalmoplegia, chemosis,
visual lossMRI to confirmIV abx
◍ Scarlet fever (GABHS) findings.
Answer: strawberry tongue scarlatiniform rash
, ◍ 2 Centor Criteria.
Answer: rapid test
◍ complications of serous otitis media.
Answer: hearing lossspeech/language delaysrecurrent infectionscholestomia
◍ cromolyn sodium and sodium nedocrimil.
Answer: mast cell stabilizing to prevent pro inflammatory mediator
releaseneed to start 4 wks in advance of allergy szn
◍ 0 Centor Criteria.
Answer: no test, no abx
◍ acute sinusitis pathophysiology.
Answer: inflammation of nasal cavityimpairment of nasociliary
clearanceobstruction of osteomeatal complexsecondary infection with
bacteria that colonize the nsaopharynx
◍ cholesteoma.
Answer: benign growth of skin in an abnormal location such as middle
earnegative pressure from acute otitis media could pull skin in
◍ petrous apicitis.
Answer: inflammation of petrous apex portion of temporal bonerare
extension of infection from acute otitis media
◍ 4 Centor Criteria.
Answer: empirical abx tx or rapid test
◍ ethmoid sinusitis sx.
Answer: usually accompanied by maxillary infectionpain/pressure high
lateral wall of the nose between the eyes and may radiate to the orbit
◍ Pharm allergic rhinitis treatments.
Answer: done in a stepwise fashionintranasal steroid
sprayantihistaminesadjunctive measuresimmunotherapy
◍ chronic sinusitis medications.
UNIVERSITY CERTIFICATION SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◍ when to give oral abx with acute otitis externa, what do you give?.
Answer: only if there is suspected cellulitis of outer ear with fluroquinolones
(ciprofloxacin)cover for pseudomonas
◍ acute otitis media treatment duration.
Answer: < 2 years old: 10 days2+ years old: 5-7 days
◍ post-strep glomerulonephritis.
Answer: immune response to glomeruli of kidney causing
inflammationprotein and blood in urine (tea/coke color)swelling of
face/eyes
◍ viral acute rhinitis pathogens.
Answer: rhinovirus parainfluenza virusinfluenza
◍ meningitis and intracranial abscess.
Answer: suspect with AMS, persistent fever, severe HA
◍ •IP INCLUDES.
Answer: •PATENTS•COPYRIGHTS•TRADEMARKS
◍ Acute otitis externa.
Answer: diffuse inflammation of the external auditory ear canal
◍ Fundamental Attribution Error.
Answer: •People often attribute far more success and far more failure to the
individual than the individual actually deserves
◍ sphenoid sinusitis sx.
Answer: usually occurs with pan sinusitis report of HA in middle of head,
, will point to vertex
◍ viral pharyngitis management.
Answer: supportive care: rest, fluidsdecongestants if congestedNSAIDs,
tylenol
◍ acute sinusitis symptoms.
Answer: nasal congestionfacial painmaxillary dental painfeverchange in
voicedecreased smell/tastecough that is worse when lying down
◍ B2B.
Answer: •Business to Business
◍ The Confirmation Trap.
Answer: •The tendency to see what we already believe and discard evident
to thecontrary
◍ serous otitis media symptoms.
Answer: ear pressure/clogged sensation, NOT PAINdecreased
hearingbalance problems tinnitus
◍ frontal sinusitis sx.
Answer: pain/tenderness in the forehead elicited by palpation of the orbital
roof below medial end of eyebrow
◍ •DEVELOPING CUSTOMER PROFILES.
Answer: •ANALYZE AND UNDERSTAND DIFFERENT USERS
◍ treatment for acute otitis externa with TM rupture.
Answer: a fluoroquinolone drop such as cipro or ofloxacinmight come with
dexamethasonewe use this because they are NOT ototoxicNOT
neomycin/polymyxin B
◍ cavernous sinus thrombosis.
Answer: inf spread through hematogenous routeopthalmoplegia, chemosis,
visual lossMRI to confirmIV abx
◍ Scarlet fever (GABHS) findings.
Answer: strawberry tongue scarlatiniform rash
, ◍ 2 Centor Criteria.
Answer: rapid test
◍ complications of serous otitis media.
Answer: hearing lossspeech/language delaysrecurrent infectionscholestomia
◍ cromolyn sodium and sodium nedocrimil.
Answer: mast cell stabilizing to prevent pro inflammatory mediator
releaseneed to start 4 wks in advance of allergy szn
◍ 0 Centor Criteria.
Answer: no test, no abx
◍ acute sinusitis pathophysiology.
Answer: inflammation of nasal cavityimpairment of nasociliary
clearanceobstruction of osteomeatal complexsecondary infection with
bacteria that colonize the nsaopharynx
◍ cholesteoma.
Answer: benign growth of skin in an abnormal location such as middle
earnegative pressure from acute otitis media could pull skin in
◍ petrous apicitis.
Answer: inflammation of petrous apex portion of temporal bonerare
extension of infection from acute otitis media
◍ 4 Centor Criteria.
Answer: empirical abx tx or rapid test
◍ ethmoid sinusitis sx.
Answer: usually accompanied by maxillary infectionpain/pressure high
lateral wall of the nose between the eyes and may radiate to the orbit
◍ Pharm allergic rhinitis treatments.
Answer: done in a stepwise fashionintranasal steroid
sprayantihistaminesadjunctive measuresimmunotherapy
◍ chronic sinusitis medications.
