T BANK
M
STATISTICAL REASONING FO
M M
R EVERYDAY LIFE
M M
FIFTH EDITION
M
Jeffrey Bennett
m
UniversitymofmColoradomatmBoulder
William L. Briggs
m m
UniversitymofmColoradomatmDenver
Mario F. Triola
m m
DutchessmCommunitymCollege
,Themauthormandmpublishermhavemusedmtheirmbestmeffortsminmpreparingmthismsupplement.mThesemeffortsmincludemt
hemdevelopment, mresearch,mandmtestingmofmthemtheoriesmandmprogramsmtomdetermine mtheirmeffectiveness.mThemau
thormandmpublishermmakemnomwarrantymofmanymkind,mexpressedmormimplied,mwithmregardmtomthesemprogramsmor
mthe mdocumentation mcontainedminmthismbook. mThe mauthormandmpublishermshallmnot mbe mliable minmanymeventmform
incidentalmormconsequential mdamagesminmconnectionmwith,mormarisingmoutmof,mthemfurnishing,mperformance, mormu
semofmthesemprograms.
ProvidedmbymPearsonmfrommelectronic mfilesmsuppliedmbymthemauthor.m
Copyrightm©m2018,m2014mPearsonmEducation, mInc.
PublishingmasmPearson,m501mBoylstonmStreet,mBoston,mMAm02116.
Allmrightsmreserved.mNompartmofmthismpublicationmmaymbemreproduced,mstoredminmamretrievalmsystem,mormtransmi
tted,minmanymformmormbymanymmeans,melectronic,mmechanical,mphotocopying,mrecording, mormotherwise,mwithoutm
thempriormwrittenmpermissionmofmthempublisher.mPrintedminmthemUnitedmStatesmofmAmerica.
ISBN-13:m 978-0-13-445697-3
ISBN-10:m 0-13-445697-1
www.pearsonhighered.com
,Contents
Chapterm1 SpeakingmofmStatistics .................................................................................... 1
Chapterm2 MeasurementminmStatistics ............................................................................ 13
Chapterm3 VisualmDisplaysmofmData .............................................................................. 21
Chapterm4 DescribingmData ............................................................................................ 44
Chapterm5 AmNormalmWorld.......................................................................................... 63
Chapterm6 ProbabilityminmStatistics ................................................................................ 71
Chapterm7 CorrelationmandmCausality ............................................................................ 83
Chapterm8 InferencesmfrommSamplesmtomPopulations.................................................. 100
Chapterm9 HypothesismTesting ..................................................................................... 108
Chapterm10 tmTests,mTwo-WaymTables,mandmANOVA ............................................... 123
Answers ........................................................................................................................... 135
iii
, StatisticalmReasoningmformEverydaymLife
Chapterm1m(SpeakingmofmStatistics)mExam,mformmA
MULTIPLEmCHOICE.mChoosemthemonemalternativemthatmbestmcompletesmthemstatemen
tmormanswersmthemquestion.
Formproblemsm1mandm2,mdeterminemwhethermthemevaluatedmgroupmismampopulationmormamsample.
1) Themaveragem(mean) magemofmallm63mAssociatemProfessorsmatmClifftonmUniversitymism47myears.
A) Population B)mSample
2) Amresearchermexaminesmthempropertymtaxmrecordsmofm84mpropertymownersminmonemcitymandmfind
smthatm17%marembehindminmtheirmtaxmpayments.
A) Population B)mSample
Formproblemsm3mandm4,mdeterminemwhethermthemgivenmvaluemismamstatisticmormamparameter.
3) Themaveragem(mean) magemofmallm63mAssociatemProfessorsmatmClifftonmUniversitymism47myears.
A) Statistic B)mParameter
4) Amresearchermexaminesmthempropertymtaxmrecordsmofm84mpropertymownersminmonemcitymandmfind
smthatm17%marembehindminmtheirmtaxmpayments.
A) Statistic B)mParameter
5) FollowingmthemRepublicanmNationalmConvention,mampollmofm600mvotersminmamcentralmIllinoismco
mmunitymshowed mthatm57%mexpectedmthemRepublicanmticketmtomwinmovermthemDemocratmticketm
nommattermwhommthemDemocratsmchosemformvice-
president.mThemmarginmofmerrormwasm4 mpercentagempoints.mTheremarem25,000mregisteredmvotersm
inmthemcommunity.mWhichmrangemofmvaluesmismlikelymtomcontainmthempopulationmparameter?
A) 13,250mtom15,250 B)m24,400mtom25,600
C)m318mtom366 D)m53%mto m61%
6) Ampollmofm488mcitizensmofmNormal,mIllinois,mshowedmthatm65%mfavoredmstrictmenforcementmofmsp
eedmlimitsmwithmammarginmofmerrormofm4%.mAmsecondmpollmofm495mcitizensmofmthemsamemtownms
howedmthatm34%mfavoredmstrictmenforcement mofmspeedmlimits.mAssumingmthatmpropermsamplingmt
echniquesmweremusedminmbothmpolls,monemmaymconcludemthat
A) thempercentmofmthempopulationmthatmfavorsmstrictmenforcementmofmspeedmlimitsmism49.5%mm8%.
B) thempercentmofmthempopulationmthatmfavorsmstrictmenforcementmofmspeedmlimitsmism49.5%mm4%.
C) onemormbothmofmthemsamplesmmaymhavembeenmunlikelymsamplesmfrommthempopulation.
D) thempercentmofmthempopulationmthatmfavorsmstrictmenforcementmofmspeedmlimitsmism65%mm8%.
7) Ampollmofm700mattendeesmofmthemTastemofmChicagomshowedmthatm445mattendees,m65%mofmthemsa
mple,mbelievedmthatmthemfoodmwasmoverpriced.mItmismestimatedmthatm1,250,000mpeoplemattendmthe
mTaste.mAlthoughm65% mplusmormminusm5% mofmattendeesmbelievemthat mthemfoodmismoverpriced, mt
hemTastemismampopularmevent.mThemrawmdatamofmthemstudymism(are)
A) 65%mofmthemsample.
B) 700mattendees,m455mattendees.
C) 1,250,000mattendees,m700mattendees,m455mattendees.
D) (60%,m70%)
8) Amstudentmwantedmtomknowmthemfavoritemlunchmatmamlargemhighmschoolmwithmamclosedmcampus.
mWhatmismthemfirstmstepminmconducting mamstatisticalmstudymtomanswer mthe mquestion?
A) Selectmamrandommsamplemofmstudents.
B) Preciselymstatemthemgoalmofmthemstudy.
C) Selectmamrandommsamplemofmstudentsmandmteachers.
D) Selectmamrandommsamplemofmteachers.
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Copyrightm©m2018mPearsonmEducation,mI
nc.