BIOL 1001 Crousillac Exam 2 LSU
Questions and All Answers.
Eukaryotic Cell - Answer -Nucleus
-Internal membranes (Organelles)
Prokaryote - Answer Nucleoid region
What is the nucleoid? - Answer Dense region in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is found
Where is the nucleoid found? - Answer Prokaryotic cell
What is the function of the nucleus? - Answer Contains DNA in eukaryotic cell
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? - Answer Makes lipids, smooth
surface
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? - Answer Makes proteins, contains
ribosomes on the surface
What is the function of the golgi complex? - Answer Fedex of the cell, shipping and receiving
center of the cell
What is the function of the lysosome? - Answer Destroys old organelles, large molecules into
smaller molecules (monomers) to be used to make other large molecules. Also used for
digesting the food for the cell
What is the function of the ribosomes? - Answer Protein synthesis machines. Found stuck to
the rough ER membrane or free floating in the cytoplasm. The two types are interchangeable
What is the function of the vesicles? - Answer Made of phospholipids, just like plasma
membrane. Used to ship things around the cell and across the plasma membrane. Like a little
pouch made of phospholipids.
What is the function of the chloroplast? - Answer Site of photosynthesis in plants and some
bacteria. Contains 2 outer membranes and a series of internal membranes called thylakoids.
, What is the function of the mitochondria? - Answer Site of cellular respiration. Powerhouse
of the cell. The food you eat gets broken down in the presence of oxygen, and the energy
released is used to make ATP.
What is the function of the nucleolus? - Answer Found in the center of the nucleus. Site of
ribosome assembly. So, cells that make a lot of proteins, sometimes have an enlarged nucleolus
so that they can make ribosomes more quickly.
What is the structure of the nuclear membrane/envelope? - Answer Plasma membrane is a
phospholipid bi-layer (only 2 layers). Nuclear membrane is a double bi-layer (contains 4 layers
oh phospholipids).
What are chromosomes made of? - Answer Chromatin, which is a mixture of DNA and
proteins
Which organelles are part of the endomembrane system? - Answer Endoplasmic reticulum,
gogli apparatus, vesicles, lysosome
What is the pathway of a secretory protein? - Answer -Digestive enzymes made in the
ribosome and travel into the rough ER
-Enzymes are packaged in vesicles and shipped to the golgi apparatus
-Golgi modifies the enzymes as they pass through its compartments
-Enzymes are packaged into lysosomes which bud from the golgi apparatus
-Lysosome fuses with the food vacuole and the enzymes digest the food
How are the mitochondria and chloroplasts similar to prokaryotic cells? - Answer They have
their own DNA, make some of their own proteins, can move around, can grow, can reproduce
What are the 4 functions of the cell membrane? - Answer Isolate the cell environment,
communicate, exchange, and identify
What 2 lines of evidence suggest that the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with proteins
associated with it? - Answer -Phospholipid content of a red blood cells has just enough to
cover the cell with 2 layers. Since these cells do not have any internal membranes, then all of
the phospholipids have to make up the plasma membrane.
-Membranes collected from red blood cells contain proteins in addition to lipids
Why is the cell membrane described as a fluid-mosaic? - Answer Fluid: Because it behaves a
lot like a liquid. These phospholipids move around a good bit, similar to the way molecules
move within a liquid.
Questions and All Answers.
Eukaryotic Cell - Answer -Nucleus
-Internal membranes (Organelles)
Prokaryote - Answer Nucleoid region
What is the nucleoid? - Answer Dense region in a prokaryotic cell where DNA is found
Where is the nucleoid found? - Answer Prokaryotic cell
What is the function of the nucleus? - Answer Contains DNA in eukaryotic cell
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? - Answer Makes lipids, smooth
surface
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? - Answer Makes proteins, contains
ribosomes on the surface
What is the function of the golgi complex? - Answer Fedex of the cell, shipping and receiving
center of the cell
What is the function of the lysosome? - Answer Destroys old organelles, large molecules into
smaller molecules (monomers) to be used to make other large molecules. Also used for
digesting the food for the cell
What is the function of the ribosomes? - Answer Protein synthesis machines. Found stuck to
the rough ER membrane or free floating in the cytoplasm. The two types are interchangeable
What is the function of the vesicles? - Answer Made of phospholipids, just like plasma
membrane. Used to ship things around the cell and across the plasma membrane. Like a little
pouch made of phospholipids.
What is the function of the chloroplast? - Answer Site of photosynthesis in plants and some
bacteria. Contains 2 outer membranes and a series of internal membranes called thylakoids.
, What is the function of the mitochondria? - Answer Site of cellular respiration. Powerhouse
of the cell. The food you eat gets broken down in the presence of oxygen, and the energy
released is used to make ATP.
What is the function of the nucleolus? - Answer Found in the center of the nucleus. Site of
ribosome assembly. So, cells that make a lot of proteins, sometimes have an enlarged nucleolus
so that they can make ribosomes more quickly.
What is the structure of the nuclear membrane/envelope? - Answer Plasma membrane is a
phospholipid bi-layer (only 2 layers). Nuclear membrane is a double bi-layer (contains 4 layers
oh phospholipids).
What are chromosomes made of? - Answer Chromatin, which is a mixture of DNA and
proteins
Which organelles are part of the endomembrane system? - Answer Endoplasmic reticulum,
gogli apparatus, vesicles, lysosome
What is the pathway of a secretory protein? - Answer -Digestive enzymes made in the
ribosome and travel into the rough ER
-Enzymes are packaged in vesicles and shipped to the golgi apparatus
-Golgi modifies the enzymes as they pass through its compartments
-Enzymes are packaged into lysosomes which bud from the golgi apparatus
-Lysosome fuses with the food vacuole and the enzymes digest the food
How are the mitochondria and chloroplasts similar to prokaryotic cells? - Answer They have
their own DNA, make some of their own proteins, can move around, can grow, can reproduce
What are the 4 functions of the cell membrane? - Answer Isolate the cell environment,
communicate, exchange, and identify
What 2 lines of evidence suggest that the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with proteins
associated with it? - Answer -Phospholipid content of a red blood cells has just enough to
cover the cell with 2 layers. Since these cells do not have any internal membranes, then all of
the phospholipids have to make up the plasma membrane.
-Membranes collected from red blood cells contain proteins in addition to lipids
Why is the cell membrane described as a fluid-mosaic? - Answer Fluid: Because it behaves a
lot like a liquid. These phospholipids move around a good bit, similar to the way molecules
move within a liquid.
