NURS 321 EXAM 1 - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
SPRING 2026 | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
enteral nutrition Answer - giving nutrients into the gastro-intestinal tract
through a feeding tube
parenteral nutrition Answer - giving nutrients through a catheter inserted into
a vein
check residuals in which tube? Answer - g-tube
How much residual is too much? Answer - 500 or 250 x2
what to do if residual is too much? Answer - put it back, hold the next feeding,
tell the provider
when do we flush tube feedings? Answer - before AND after feedings and
medication administration
how long is everything for enteral tube feedings good for? Answer - 24 hours;
change if its been longer
TPN risks Answer - infection (bacterial or fungal)
air emboli
,wrong spot
electrolyte imbalances
hyper/hypoglycemia
TPN runs out and next bag isnt ready; what do you do? Answer -
hypoglycemia!! start D10!!
its been 24 hours and there is still food in TPN; what do you do? Answer -
change it
who is at highest risk for re-feeding syndrome Answer - elderly
malnourished
Re-feeding syndrome: four things to look out for Answer - fluid overload,
hypomagnesium, hypophosphotemia, hypokalemia
how to check if TPN is in the right place Answer - x-ray!!!!
pH in metabolic alkalosis Answer - greater than 7.45
bicarbonate in metabolic alkalosis Answer - above 26, high.
A patient has been admitted to the hospital due to experiencing vomiting for
several days. The cause of the patient's vomiting is unknown. Which of the
following interventions should be considered the nurse's priority in providing
care for this patient?
a. Administration of parental antiemetics.
b. Insertion of an NG tube for suction.
,c. IV replacement of fluid and electrolytes.
d. Oral administration of broth & tea. Answer - c. IV replacement of fluid and
electrolytes.
d
What increases a patient's risk for candidiasis? Answer - antibiotics and
corticosteroids
which mouth concern can result from chemotherapy, renal disease or liver
disease? Answer - mucositis
When caring for a patient in the initial postoperative period after a partial
glossectomy with a radial neck dissection, which of the following is the nurse's
primary concern?
Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow
keys to select an answer.
a. Assessing the patient's coping.
b. Maintaining a patent airway.
c. Providing adequate nutrition
d. Relieving the patient's pain. Answer - b. Maintaining a patent airway.
The nurse provides education to a patient who has a hiatal hernia and
experiences GERD after eating. Which activity should the nurse instruct this
patient to avoid?
A. Lying flat after meals
B. Eating small, frequent meals that are not spicy
C. Sleeping with the HOB elevated 30 degrees
D. Taking ranitidine on an empty stomach Answer - A. Lying flat after meals
, The nurse has requested a dietary consult for a patient with GERD. What
statements provide useful dietary information for this patient to manage the
GERD symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
A. Maintain an ideal body weight.
B. Avoid spicy foods.
C. Avoid fatty foods.
D. A glass of wine after dinner will help you relax.
E. A cup of peppermint will help improve digestion. Answer - A. Maintain an
ideal body weight.
B. Avoid spicy foods.
C. Avoid fatty foods.
The nurse is caring for a patient who encountered a minor esophageal injury
after accidently swallowing a piece of a chicken bone. The patient will receive
medications and nutrition for 4 to 6 days by nasogastric tube to control
mucosal damage and promote healing. Which of the following actions should
the nurse plan to take first when administering medications through the
nasogastric tube?
A. Verify the patient's identification and explain the procedure to the patient.
B. Flush the nasogastric tube with 30 to 50 mL per hospital policy prior to
administering the medication.
C. Check the provider's order.
D. Prepare the medication for administration. Answer - C. Check the provider's
order.
The nurse always checks the physician's order before administering a
medication. After verification of the order, the RN determines that the
medication is appropriate to be given though a nasogastric tube. Certain
medications have a delayed action or enteric coating. Check the approved drug
reference or agency pharmacy to verify that these medications can be given
through a nasogastric tube. If a medication is not available in an elixir form, the
nurse prepares the medication by crushing pills or opening capsules and mixing
SPRING 2026 | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
enteral nutrition Answer - giving nutrients into the gastro-intestinal tract
through a feeding tube
parenteral nutrition Answer - giving nutrients through a catheter inserted into
a vein
check residuals in which tube? Answer - g-tube
How much residual is too much? Answer - 500 or 250 x2
what to do if residual is too much? Answer - put it back, hold the next feeding,
tell the provider
when do we flush tube feedings? Answer - before AND after feedings and
medication administration
how long is everything for enteral tube feedings good for? Answer - 24 hours;
change if its been longer
TPN risks Answer - infection (bacterial or fungal)
air emboli
,wrong spot
electrolyte imbalances
hyper/hypoglycemia
TPN runs out and next bag isnt ready; what do you do? Answer -
hypoglycemia!! start D10!!
its been 24 hours and there is still food in TPN; what do you do? Answer -
change it
who is at highest risk for re-feeding syndrome Answer - elderly
malnourished
Re-feeding syndrome: four things to look out for Answer - fluid overload,
hypomagnesium, hypophosphotemia, hypokalemia
how to check if TPN is in the right place Answer - x-ray!!!!
pH in metabolic alkalosis Answer - greater than 7.45
bicarbonate in metabolic alkalosis Answer - above 26, high.
A patient has been admitted to the hospital due to experiencing vomiting for
several days. The cause of the patient's vomiting is unknown. Which of the
following interventions should be considered the nurse's priority in providing
care for this patient?
a. Administration of parental antiemetics.
b. Insertion of an NG tube for suction.
,c. IV replacement of fluid and electrolytes.
d. Oral administration of broth & tea. Answer - c. IV replacement of fluid and
electrolytes.
d
What increases a patient's risk for candidiasis? Answer - antibiotics and
corticosteroids
which mouth concern can result from chemotherapy, renal disease or liver
disease? Answer - mucositis
When caring for a patient in the initial postoperative period after a partial
glossectomy with a radial neck dissection, which of the following is the nurse's
primary concern?
Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow
keys to select an answer.
a. Assessing the patient's coping.
b. Maintaining a patent airway.
c. Providing adequate nutrition
d. Relieving the patient's pain. Answer - b. Maintaining a patent airway.
The nurse provides education to a patient who has a hiatal hernia and
experiences GERD after eating. Which activity should the nurse instruct this
patient to avoid?
A. Lying flat after meals
B. Eating small, frequent meals that are not spicy
C. Sleeping with the HOB elevated 30 degrees
D. Taking ranitidine on an empty stomach Answer - A. Lying flat after meals
, The nurse has requested a dietary consult for a patient with GERD. What
statements provide useful dietary information for this patient to manage the
GERD symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
A. Maintain an ideal body weight.
B. Avoid spicy foods.
C. Avoid fatty foods.
D. A glass of wine after dinner will help you relax.
E. A cup of peppermint will help improve digestion. Answer - A. Maintain an
ideal body weight.
B. Avoid spicy foods.
C. Avoid fatty foods.
The nurse is caring for a patient who encountered a minor esophageal injury
after accidently swallowing a piece of a chicken bone. The patient will receive
medications and nutrition for 4 to 6 days by nasogastric tube to control
mucosal damage and promote healing. Which of the following actions should
the nurse plan to take first when administering medications through the
nasogastric tube?
A. Verify the patient's identification and explain the procedure to the patient.
B. Flush the nasogastric tube with 30 to 50 mL per hospital policy prior to
administering the medication.
C. Check the provider's order.
D. Prepare the medication for administration. Answer - C. Check the provider's
order.
The nurse always checks the physician's order before administering a
medication. After verification of the order, the RN determines that the
medication is appropriate to be given though a nasogastric tube. Certain
medications have a delayed action or enteric coating. Check the approved drug
reference or agency pharmacy to verify that these medications can be given
through a nasogastric tube. If a medication is not available in an elixir form, the
nurse prepares the medication by crushing pills or opening capsules and mixing
