APEA Neuro Pharmacology Test
Bank | Latest Revised Questions
& Correct Detailed Answers
Graded A+ (2026)
• What is Parkinson's disease? -✓✓A neurodegenerative disorder
affecting dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra.
• What is the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease? -
✓✓Medications to control symptoms; there is no cure.
• What is the role of dopamine agonists in Parkinson's treatment? -
✓✓They are administered early and later with Levodopa/Carbidopa to
reduce dosages.
• What is the function of Levodopa/Carbidopa? -✓✓Levodopa crosses
the blood-brain barrier and is converted to dopamine; Carbidopa
prevents premature conversion in the intestines.
• What are common side effects of Levodopa/Carbidopa? -✓✓Nausea,
vomiting, drowsiness, dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia,
psychosis.
, • What are MAO-B inhibitors and their purpose? -✓✓Medications like
Selegiline and Rasagiline that help with the 'wearing off' effect of
Levodopa.
• What is the mechanism of action for COMT inhibitors? -✓✓They
enhance the effect of Levodopa by blocking its breakdown.
• What are the side effects of COMT inhibitors? -✓✓Vomiting, diarrhea,
discoloration of urine, rhabdomyolysis, liver failure.
• What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? -✓✓An autoimmune disease where
the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath of nerve fibers.
• What are the medications used for MS? -✓✓Immunomodulators such
as interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b.
• What is Alzheimer's disease? -✓✓A progressive disease that causes
brain cells to die, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline.
• What medications are used to treat Alzheimer's? -✓✓Cholinesterase
inhibitors (donepezil) and NMDA receptor antagonist (memantine).
• What is the function of donepezil? -✓✓It boosts levels of a chemical
messenger to help with memory loss.
Bank | Latest Revised Questions
& Correct Detailed Answers
Graded A+ (2026)
• What is Parkinson's disease? -✓✓A neurodegenerative disorder
affecting dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra.
• What is the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease? -
✓✓Medications to control symptoms; there is no cure.
• What is the role of dopamine agonists in Parkinson's treatment? -
✓✓They are administered early and later with Levodopa/Carbidopa to
reduce dosages.
• What is the function of Levodopa/Carbidopa? -✓✓Levodopa crosses
the blood-brain barrier and is converted to dopamine; Carbidopa
prevents premature conversion in the intestines.
• What are common side effects of Levodopa/Carbidopa? -✓✓Nausea,
vomiting, drowsiness, dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia,
psychosis.
, • What are MAO-B inhibitors and their purpose? -✓✓Medications like
Selegiline and Rasagiline that help with the 'wearing off' effect of
Levodopa.
• What is the mechanism of action for COMT inhibitors? -✓✓They
enhance the effect of Levodopa by blocking its breakdown.
• What are the side effects of COMT inhibitors? -✓✓Vomiting, diarrhea,
discoloration of urine, rhabdomyolysis, liver failure.
• What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? -✓✓An autoimmune disease where
the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath of nerve fibers.
• What are the medications used for MS? -✓✓Immunomodulators such
as interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b.
• What is Alzheimer's disease? -✓✓A progressive disease that causes
brain cells to die, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline.
• What medications are used to treat Alzheimer's? -✓✓Cholinesterase
inhibitors (donepezil) and NMDA receptor antagonist (memantine).
• What is the function of donepezil? -✓✓It boosts levels of a chemical
messenger to help with memory loss.
