Phlebotomy Final Exam: 160 Questions.
Certification
- Issuance by an official body of a certificate to a person stating that they have completed necessary
requirements.
- Evidence that an individual has mastered fundamental competencies in a particular technical area.
Licensure
Legal permission by your state to engage in a certain practice or occupation.
Reciprocity
- A situation or relationship in which two people or groups agree to do something similar for each other,
to allow each other to have the same rights.
etc. a reciprocal arrangement or relationship
Confidentiality
Ability to keep patients health information quite and to yourself.
Ethics
Ethics is the moral duty to determine the difference between right and wrong action and then to
practice the right action.
Accountability
- The quality or state of being accountable.
- An obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one's actions .
Asepsis
- The condition of being aseptic
- Sterile or Pathogen Free
Petechiae
- Tiny spots that appear under the skin
- Are an indication of a broken or bruised capillary
- Are a sign of platelet defect or weak capillary walls
- May be a sign that the patient will bleed excessively from venipuncture site
EMLA
A eutectic (easily melted) mixture of local anesthetics.
Plasma
The top layer of clear liquid used for testing. Also the fluid portion of blood in the living body.
Serum
,Normally a clear pale-yellow fluid that can be separated from clotted blood specimen and has the same
composition as plasma except that it does not contain fibrinogen.
Hemostasis
Process by which the body stops the leakage of blood from the vascular system after injury; also known
as the coagulation process.
Antigen
A large molecular weight substance that is 3 dimensional and usually a protein, that the body recognizes
as a foreign object consequently invoking an immune response
Tort
Wrongful act (other than breach of contract) committed against another person or property.
Leukemia
A very serious disease in which the body forms too many white blood cells.
Hematoma
- Leakage of blood into the tissues
- Most common complication of Phlebotomy.
Latrogenic Anemia
Anaemia resulting from multiple phlebotomies, which is especially common in ICU patients.
CLIA
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1988 (CLIA).
Enacted by congress to regulate all labs.
Specific guidelines include:
- Quality Control
- Quality Assurance
- Record Keeping
- Personnel Qualifications
Divides labs into three levels (levels I, II, III)
JCAHO
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)
- Enforces standards set by CLSI
- WORKS WITH CAP
OSHA
Occupation Safety & Health Administration
- Federal Agency
, - Assures every working person safe/healthful working condition.
- regulates standard precautions, toxic chemicals, fumes, lead, pesticides, noise asbestos etc.
NCCLS
- Stands for National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.
- Also known as the CLSI: Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.
- Hospitals must follow federal and state guidelines.
CDC
Center For Disease Control
Chemistry Department
- Is the largest department and performs tests such as glucose & cholesterol on plasma and serum.
- Is highly automated and performs individualized tests and panels such as Glucose, BUN, sodium,
potassium, cholesterol etc.
- The department sometimes has subsections such as toxicology and immunoassays.
Hematology Department
- Performs tests that identify diseases associated with blood and blood forming tissues.
- Performs CBC's (Hematocrit, Hemoglobin, RBC & WBC.
Coagulation Department
- Performs tests to study the ability of blood to form clots.
- Identifies and discovers defects in the blood- clotting mechanism
- Performs PT and PTT to monitor Coumadin and Heparin Therapy.
Microbiology Department
- Analyzes blood, bodily fluids, and tissue for the presence of infection.
- Performs antibiotic sensitivity, along with culturing. (C&S)
- Performs blood cultures
- Performs gram stains.
Urinalysis Department
- Can be housed in hematology or chemistry area and analyzes urine specimens.
- Performs physical, chemical & microscopic exams on urine samples.
- Microscopically looks for cellular elements such as white blood cells, red blood cells, bacteria, crystals,
casts etc.
Contact Isolation
- For patients with infectious disease spread by direct contact such as MRSA
- PPE: Gloves and gown.
Strict Isolation
Certification
- Issuance by an official body of a certificate to a person stating that they have completed necessary
requirements.
- Evidence that an individual has mastered fundamental competencies in a particular technical area.
Licensure
Legal permission by your state to engage in a certain practice or occupation.
Reciprocity
- A situation or relationship in which two people or groups agree to do something similar for each other,
to allow each other to have the same rights.
etc. a reciprocal arrangement or relationship
Confidentiality
Ability to keep patients health information quite and to yourself.
Ethics
Ethics is the moral duty to determine the difference between right and wrong action and then to
practice the right action.
Accountability
- The quality or state of being accountable.
- An obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one's actions .
Asepsis
- The condition of being aseptic
- Sterile or Pathogen Free
Petechiae
- Tiny spots that appear under the skin
- Are an indication of a broken or bruised capillary
- Are a sign of platelet defect or weak capillary walls
- May be a sign that the patient will bleed excessively from venipuncture site
EMLA
A eutectic (easily melted) mixture of local anesthetics.
Plasma
The top layer of clear liquid used for testing. Also the fluid portion of blood in the living body.
Serum
,Normally a clear pale-yellow fluid that can be separated from clotted blood specimen and has the same
composition as plasma except that it does not contain fibrinogen.
Hemostasis
Process by which the body stops the leakage of blood from the vascular system after injury; also known
as the coagulation process.
Antigen
A large molecular weight substance that is 3 dimensional and usually a protein, that the body recognizes
as a foreign object consequently invoking an immune response
Tort
Wrongful act (other than breach of contract) committed against another person or property.
Leukemia
A very serious disease in which the body forms too many white blood cells.
Hematoma
- Leakage of blood into the tissues
- Most common complication of Phlebotomy.
Latrogenic Anemia
Anaemia resulting from multiple phlebotomies, which is especially common in ICU patients.
CLIA
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1988 (CLIA).
Enacted by congress to regulate all labs.
Specific guidelines include:
- Quality Control
- Quality Assurance
- Record Keeping
- Personnel Qualifications
Divides labs into three levels (levels I, II, III)
JCAHO
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)
- Enforces standards set by CLSI
- WORKS WITH CAP
OSHA
Occupation Safety & Health Administration
- Federal Agency
, - Assures every working person safe/healthful working condition.
- regulates standard precautions, toxic chemicals, fumes, lead, pesticides, noise asbestos etc.
NCCLS
- Stands for National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.
- Also known as the CLSI: Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.
- Hospitals must follow federal and state guidelines.
CDC
Center For Disease Control
Chemistry Department
- Is the largest department and performs tests such as glucose & cholesterol on plasma and serum.
- Is highly automated and performs individualized tests and panels such as Glucose, BUN, sodium,
potassium, cholesterol etc.
- The department sometimes has subsections such as toxicology and immunoassays.
Hematology Department
- Performs tests that identify diseases associated with blood and blood forming tissues.
- Performs CBC's (Hematocrit, Hemoglobin, RBC & WBC.
Coagulation Department
- Performs tests to study the ability of blood to form clots.
- Identifies and discovers defects in the blood- clotting mechanism
- Performs PT and PTT to monitor Coumadin and Heparin Therapy.
Microbiology Department
- Analyzes blood, bodily fluids, and tissue for the presence of infection.
- Performs antibiotic sensitivity, along with culturing. (C&S)
- Performs blood cultures
- Performs gram stains.
Urinalysis Department
- Can be housed in hematology or chemistry area and analyzes urine specimens.
- Performs physical, chemical & microscopic exams on urine samples.
- Microscopically looks for cellular elements such as white blood cells, red blood cells, bacteria, crystals,
casts etc.
Contact Isolation
- For patients with infectious disease spread by direct contact such as MRSA
- PPE: Gloves and gown.
Strict Isolation
