GASTROINTESTINAL EXAM 2026
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉What system controls the GI system? Answer: the
parasympathetic nervous system
◉What are the four organs of the GI system that are responsible for
ingestion? Answer: mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, and esophagus
◉What three organs are responsible for absorption of nutrients?
Answer: stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
◉The mouth is where food is broken down. What enzyme helps in
the chemical breakdown that is secreted by the salivary glands?
Answer: amylase
◉The function of the epiglottis is to:
a. Break down food particles
b. Digest food
c. Block off the tracheal tube
, d. Aid in peristalsis Answer: c
◉THe esophagus performs ____ to propel food. Answer: peristalsis
◉What is the pH of the stomach? Answer: pH= 2
◉After the breakdown in the stomach, the acidic mixtures becomes
____. Answer: chyme
◉ABSORPTION: What are nutrients used for? Answer: for energy
and as building blocks for larger complex chemicals
◉What are the two components of metabolism? Explain each.
Answer: anabolism is the act of building molecules while catabolism
is that act of breaking down molecules to release energy
◉Where does most of the absorption occur in our digestive tract?
Answer: smal intestines
◉What are the three sections of the small intestine? Answer:
duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum
◉Which one of the three sections of the small intestine is connected
to the liver and pancreas? Answer: duodenum
COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉What system controls the GI system? Answer: the
parasympathetic nervous system
◉What are the four organs of the GI system that are responsible for
ingestion? Answer: mouth, salivary glands, pharynx, and esophagus
◉What three organs are responsible for absorption of nutrients?
Answer: stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
◉The mouth is where food is broken down. What enzyme helps in
the chemical breakdown that is secreted by the salivary glands?
Answer: amylase
◉The function of the epiglottis is to:
a. Break down food particles
b. Digest food
c. Block off the tracheal tube
, d. Aid in peristalsis Answer: c
◉THe esophagus performs ____ to propel food. Answer: peristalsis
◉What is the pH of the stomach? Answer: pH= 2
◉After the breakdown in the stomach, the acidic mixtures becomes
____. Answer: chyme
◉ABSORPTION: What are nutrients used for? Answer: for energy
and as building blocks for larger complex chemicals
◉What are the two components of metabolism? Explain each.
Answer: anabolism is the act of building molecules while catabolism
is that act of breaking down molecules to release energy
◉Where does most of the absorption occur in our digestive tract?
Answer: smal intestines
◉What are the three sections of the small intestine? Answer:
duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum
◉Which one of the three sections of the small intestine is connected
to the liver and pancreas? Answer: duodenum
