NOEP Module 10/2026 The
Neurologic System Exam Questions
And Answers, Exams of Nursing
Assured A+|Certified Pass
The nurse is assigned to care for four clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which
client should the nurse see first on the shift assessment?
a. A client admitted with pneumonia with a fever of 100° F (37.8°C) and some
diaphoresis
b. A client with congestive heart failure with clear lung sounds on the previous
shift
c. A client with new-onset of shortness of breath (SOB) and a history of pulmonary
edema (PE)
d. A client undergoing long-term corticosteroid therapy with mild bruising on the
anterior surfaces of the arms - ANSWERS-A client with new-onset of shortness of
breath (SOB) and a history of pulmonary edema (PE)
Rationale: The client who should be seen first is the one with SOB and a history of
pulmonary edema. In light of such a history, SOB could indicate that fluid-volume
overload has once again developed. The client with a fever and who is diaphoretic
is at risk for insufficient fluid volume as a result of loss of fluid through the skin,
but this client is not the priority.
,A client with gastroenteritis who has been vomiting and has diarrhea is admitted
to the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration. For which clinical manifestations
that correlate with this fluid imbalance would the nurse assess the client? Select
all that apply.
Decreased pulse
Decreased urine output
Increased blood pressure
Increased respiratory rate
Decreased respiratory depth - ANSWERS-Decreased urine output
Increased respiratory rate
Rationale: A client with dehydration has an increased depth and rate of
respirations. The diminished fluid volume is perceived by the body as a decreased
oxygen level (hypoxia), and increased respiration is an attempt to maintain oxygen
delivery. Other assessment findings in insufficient fluid volume are decreased
urine volume, increased pulse, weight loss, poor skin turgor, dry mucous
membranes, concentrated urine with increased specific gravity, increased
hematocrit, and altered level of consciousness. Increased blood pressure,
decreased pulse, and increased urine output occur with fluid-volume overload.
The nurse is reviewing medical records to assigned clients on the 7 am to 7 pm
shift. Which client will the nurse monitor most closely for excessive fluid volume?
a. A 48-year-old client receiving diuretics to treat hypertension
b. A 35-year old client who is vomiting undigested food after eating
,c. An 85-year-old client receiving intravenous (IV) therapy at a rate of 100 mL/hr
d. A 65-year-old client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction following
partial gastrectomy - ANSWERS-An 85-year-old client receiving intravenous (IV)
therapy at a rate of 100 mL/hr
Rationale: The older adult client receiving IV therapy at 100 mL/hr is at the
greatest risk for excessive fluid volume because of the diminished cardiovascular
and renal function that occur with aging. Other causes of excessive fluid volume
include renal failure, heart failure, liver disorders, excessive use of hypotonic IV
fluids to replace isotonic losses, excessive irrigation of body fluids, and excessive
ingestion of table salt. A client who is receiving diuretics, vomiting, or has a
nasogastric tube attached to suction is at risk for deficient fluid volume.
The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for congestive heart failure
related to excessive fluid volume. Which assessment finding causes the nurse to
determine that the client's condition has improved?
a. Dyspnea
b. 1+ edema in the legs
c. Moist crackles in the lower lobes of the lungs
d. Weight loss of 4 lb (1.8 kg) in 24 hours - ANSWERS-Weight loss of 4 lb (1.8 kg)
in 24 hours
Rationale: One sign that excessive fluid volume is resolving is loss of body weight.
It is important to recall that 1 L of fluid weighs 1 kg, which equals 2.2 lb (1 liter =
2.2 lb = 1 kg). The other options listed indicate that the client is retaining fluid.
Assessment findings associated with excessive fluid volume include cough,
, dyspnea, rales or crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia, increased blood pressure and
bounding pulse, increased central venous pressure, weight gain, edema, neck and
hand vein distention, altered level of consciousness, and decreased hematocrit.
These signs/symptoms must be reversed if the fluid-volume excess is to be
resolved.
The nurse notes that a client has ST-segment depression on the electrocardiogram
(ECG) monitor. With which serum potassium reading does the nurse associate this
finding?
a. 3.1 mEq/L (3.1 mmol/L)
b. 4.2 mEq/L (4.2 mmol/L)
c. 4.5 mEq/L (4.5 mmol/L)
d. 5.4 mEq/L (5.4 mmol/L) - ANSWERS-3.1 mEq/L (3.1 mmol/L)
Rationale: A serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L(3.5 mmol/L) is indicative of
hypokalemia, the most common electrolyte imbalance, which is potentially life
threatening. ECG changes in hypokalemia include peaked P waves, flat T waves, a
depressed ST segment, and prominent U waves. Readings of 4.5 mEq/L (4.5
mmol/L)and 4.2 mEq/L (4.2 mmol/L)are normal potassium levels; 5.4 mEq/L (5.4
mmol/L)indicates hyperkalemia.
The primary health care provider writes a prescription for the administration of
intravenous (IV) potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. What does the
nurse plan to do when preparing and administering this medication?
a. Insert a Foley catheter in the client
Neurologic System Exam Questions
And Answers, Exams of Nursing
Assured A+|Certified Pass
The nurse is assigned to care for four clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which
client should the nurse see first on the shift assessment?
a. A client admitted with pneumonia with a fever of 100° F (37.8°C) and some
diaphoresis
b. A client with congestive heart failure with clear lung sounds on the previous
shift
c. A client with new-onset of shortness of breath (SOB) and a history of pulmonary
edema (PE)
d. A client undergoing long-term corticosteroid therapy with mild bruising on the
anterior surfaces of the arms - ANSWERS-A client with new-onset of shortness of
breath (SOB) and a history of pulmonary edema (PE)
Rationale: The client who should be seen first is the one with SOB and a history of
pulmonary edema. In light of such a history, SOB could indicate that fluid-volume
overload has once again developed. The client with a fever and who is diaphoretic
is at risk for insufficient fluid volume as a result of loss of fluid through the skin,
but this client is not the priority.
,A client with gastroenteritis who has been vomiting and has diarrhea is admitted
to the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration. For which clinical manifestations
that correlate with this fluid imbalance would the nurse assess the client? Select
all that apply.
Decreased pulse
Decreased urine output
Increased blood pressure
Increased respiratory rate
Decreased respiratory depth - ANSWERS-Decreased urine output
Increased respiratory rate
Rationale: A client with dehydration has an increased depth and rate of
respirations. The diminished fluid volume is perceived by the body as a decreased
oxygen level (hypoxia), and increased respiration is an attempt to maintain oxygen
delivery. Other assessment findings in insufficient fluid volume are decreased
urine volume, increased pulse, weight loss, poor skin turgor, dry mucous
membranes, concentrated urine with increased specific gravity, increased
hematocrit, and altered level of consciousness. Increased blood pressure,
decreased pulse, and increased urine output occur with fluid-volume overload.
The nurse is reviewing medical records to assigned clients on the 7 am to 7 pm
shift. Which client will the nurse monitor most closely for excessive fluid volume?
a. A 48-year-old client receiving diuretics to treat hypertension
b. A 35-year old client who is vomiting undigested food after eating
,c. An 85-year-old client receiving intravenous (IV) therapy at a rate of 100 mL/hr
d. A 65-year-old client with a nasogastric tube attached to low suction following
partial gastrectomy - ANSWERS-An 85-year-old client receiving intravenous (IV)
therapy at a rate of 100 mL/hr
Rationale: The older adult client receiving IV therapy at 100 mL/hr is at the
greatest risk for excessive fluid volume because of the diminished cardiovascular
and renal function that occur with aging. Other causes of excessive fluid volume
include renal failure, heart failure, liver disorders, excessive use of hypotonic IV
fluids to replace isotonic losses, excessive irrigation of body fluids, and excessive
ingestion of table salt. A client who is receiving diuretics, vomiting, or has a
nasogastric tube attached to suction is at risk for deficient fluid volume.
The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for congestive heart failure
related to excessive fluid volume. Which assessment finding causes the nurse to
determine that the client's condition has improved?
a. Dyspnea
b. 1+ edema in the legs
c. Moist crackles in the lower lobes of the lungs
d. Weight loss of 4 lb (1.8 kg) in 24 hours - ANSWERS-Weight loss of 4 lb (1.8 kg)
in 24 hours
Rationale: One sign that excessive fluid volume is resolving is loss of body weight.
It is important to recall that 1 L of fluid weighs 1 kg, which equals 2.2 lb (1 liter =
2.2 lb = 1 kg). The other options listed indicate that the client is retaining fluid.
Assessment findings associated with excessive fluid volume include cough,
, dyspnea, rales or crackles, tachypnea, tachycardia, increased blood pressure and
bounding pulse, increased central venous pressure, weight gain, edema, neck and
hand vein distention, altered level of consciousness, and decreased hematocrit.
These signs/symptoms must be reversed if the fluid-volume excess is to be
resolved.
The nurse notes that a client has ST-segment depression on the electrocardiogram
(ECG) monitor. With which serum potassium reading does the nurse associate this
finding?
a. 3.1 mEq/L (3.1 mmol/L)
b. 4.2 mEq/L (4.2 mmol/L)
c. 4.5 mEq/L (4.5 mmol/L)
d. 5.4 mEq/L (5.4 mmol/L) - ANSWERS-3.1 mEq/L (3.1 mmol/L)
Rationale: A serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L(3.5 mmol/L) is indicative of
hypokalemia, the most common electrolyte imbalance, which is potentially life
threatening. ECG changes in hypokalemia include peaked P waves, flat T waves, a
depressed ST segment, and prominent U waves. Readings of 4.5 mEq/L (4.5
mmol/L)and 4.2 mEq/L (4.2 mmol/L)are normal potassium levels; 5.4 mEq/L (5.4
mmol/L)indicates hyperkalemia.
The primary health care provider writes a prescription for the administration of
intravenous (IV) potassium chloride to a client with hypokalemia. What does the
nurse plan to do when preparing and administering this medication?
a. Insert a Foley catheter in the client
