CISA EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS UPDATED 2026
ChapterM1M-MAnswerM
SourceMcodeM-MAnswerMuncompiled,MarchiveMcode
ObjectMcodeM-
MAnswerMcompiledMcodeMthatMisMdistributedMandMputMintoMproduction;MnotMableMto
MbeMreadMbyMhumans
InherentMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMriskMthatManMerrorMcouldMoccurMassumingMnoMcompensatingMcontrolM
exist
ControlMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMriskMthatManMerrorMexistsMthatMwouldMnotMbeMpreventedMbyMinternal
Mcontrols
DetectionMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMriskMthatManMerrorMexists,MbutMisMnotMdetected.MTheMriskMthatManM
ISMauditorMmayMuseManMinadequateMtestMprocedureMandMconcludeMthatMnoMmaterial
MerrorMexistsMwhenMinMfactMerrorsMdoMexist.
AuditMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMoverallMlevelMofMrisk;MtheMlevelMofMriskMtheMauditorMisMpreparedMto
Maccept.
ComplianceMtestingM-
MAnswerMdeterminesMifMcontrolsMareMbeingMappliedMinMaMmannerMthatMcompliesMwi
thMmgmt'sMpoliciesMandMprocedures
SubstantiveMtestingM-
MAnswerMevaluatesMtheMintegrityMofMindividualMtransactions,Mdata,MandMotherMinform
ation.
,RegressionMtestingM-
MAnswerMusedMtoMretestMearlierMprogramMabendsMthatMoccurredMduringMtheMinitialM
testingMphase.
SociabilityMtestingM-
MAnswerMtoMensureMtheMapplicationMworksMasMexpectedMinMtheMspecifiedMenvironme
ntMwhereMotherMapplicationsMrunMconcurrently.MIncludesMtestingMofMinterfacesMwithMo
therMsystems.
ParallelMtestingM-
MAnswerMFeedingMtestMdataMintoMtwoMsystemsMandMcomparingMtheMresults.
WhiteMboxMtestingM-MAnswerMtestMtheMsoftware'sMprogramMlogic.
BlackMboxMtestingM-
MAnswerMTestingMtheMfunctionalMoperatingMeffectivenessMwithoutMregardMtoMinternalM
programMstructure.
RedundancyMcheckM-
MAnswerMdetectsMtransmissionMerrorsMbyMappendingMcalculatedMbitsMontoMtheMendM
ofMeachMsegmentMofMdata.
VariableMsamplingM-
MAnswerMusedMtoMestimateMtheMaverageMorMtotalMvalueMofMaMpopulation.
DiscoveryMsamplingM-
MAnswerMusedMtoMdetermineMtheMprobabilityMofMfindingManMattributeMinMaMpopulati
on.
AttributeMsamplingM-
MAnswerMselectingMitemsMfromMaMpopulationMbasedMonMaMcommonMattribute.MUsed
MforMcomplianceMtesting.
ChapterM2M-MAnswerM
, SteeringMCommitteeM-
MAnswerMAppointedMbyMseniorMmanagement.MServesMasMaMgeneralMreviewMboardMfo
rMprojectsMandMacquisitions...MnotMinvolvedMinMroutineMoperations.MTheMcommitteeMs
houldMincludeMrepresentativesMfromMseniorMmanagement,MuserMmanagement,MandMthe
MISMdepartment.MEscalatesMissuesMtoMseniorMmanagement.
RequestMforMProposalM(RFP)M-
MAnswerMAMdocumentMdistributedMtoMsoftwareMvendorsMrequestingMtheirMsubmission
MofMaMproposalMtoMdevelopMorMprovideMaMsoftwareMproduct.MRFPMshouldMinclude:
MProjectMOverview,MKeyMRequirementsMandMConstraints,MScopeMLimitations,MVendorMq
uestionnaire,McustomerMreferences,Mdemonstrations,Metc.
QualityMAssuranceM-MAnswerMCheckMtoMverifyMpoliciesMareMfollowed.
QualityMControlM-MAnswerMCheckMtoMverifyMfreeMfromMdefects.
Bottom-upMapproachMforMpolicyMdevelopmentM-
MAnswerMbeginsMbyMdefiningMoperational-
levelMrequirementsMandMpoliciesMwhichMareMderivedMandMimplementedMasMaMresultM
ofMaMriskMassessment.
ChapterM3M-MAnswerM
OSIMModelM-MAnswerMAllMPeopleMSeemMToMNeedMDominosMPizza
LayerM7M-MApplicationMlayerM-
MAnswerMTheMapplicationMlayerMinterfacesMdirectlyMtoMandMperformsMcommonMapplic
ationMservicesMforMtheMapplicationMprocesses.
LayerM6M-MPresentationMlayerM-
MAnswerMTheMpresentationMlayerMrelievesMtheMApplicationMlayerMofMconcernMregardin
gMsyntacticalMdifferencesMinMdataMrepresentationMwithinMtheMend-
userMsystems.MMIMEMencoding,MdataMcompression,Mencryption,MandMsimilarMmanipulati
onMofMtheMpresentationMofMdataMisMdoneMatMthisMlayer.
ANSWERS UPDATED 2026
ChapterM1M-MAnswerM
SourceMcodeM-MAnswerMuncompiled,MarchiveMcode
ObjectMcodeM-
MAnswerMcompiledMcodeMthatMisMdistributedMandMputMintoMproduction;MnotMableMto
MbeMreadMbyMhumans
InherentMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMriskMthatManMerrorMcouldMoccurMassumingMnoMcompensatingMcontrolM
exist
ControlMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMriskMthatManMerrorMexistsMthatMwouldMnotMbeMpreventedMbyMinternal
Mcontrols
DetectionMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMriskMthatManMerrorMexists,MbutMisMnotMdetected.MTheMriskMthatManM
ISMauditorMmayMuseManMinadequateMtestMprocedureMandMconcludeMthatMnoMmaterial
MerrorMexistsMwhenMinMfactMerrorsMdoMexist.
AuditMriskM-
MAnswerMtheMoverallMlevelMofMrisk;MtheMlevelMofMriskMtheMauditorMisMpreparedMto
Maccept.
ComplianceMtestingM-
MAnswerMdeterminesMifMcontrolsMareMbeingMappliedMinMaMmannerMthatMcompliesMwi
thMmgmt'sMpoliciesMandMprocedures
SubstantiveMtestingM-
MAnswerMevaluatesMtheMintegrityMofMindividualMtransactions,Mdata,MandMotherMinform
ation.
,RegressionMtestingM-
MAnswerMusedMtoMretestMearlierMprogramMabendsMthatMoccurredMduringMtheMinitialM
testingMphase.
SociabilityMtestingM-
MAnswerMtoMensureMtheMapplicationMworksMasMexpectedMinMtheMspecifiedMenvironme
ntMwhereMotherMapplicationsMrunMconcurrently.MIncludesMtestingMofMinterfacesMwithMo
therMsystems.
ParallelMtestingM-
MAnswerMFeedingMtestMdataMintoMtwoMsystemsMandMcomparingMtheMresults.
WhiteMboxMtestingM-MAnswerMtestMtheMsoftware'sMprogramMlogic.
BlackMboxMtestingM-
MAnswerMTestingMtheMfunctionalMoperatingMeffectivenessMwithoutMregardMtoMinternalM
programMstructure.
RedundancyMcheckM-
MAnswerMdetectsMtransmissionMerrorsMbyMappendingMcalculatedMbitsMontoMtheMendM
ofMeachMsegmentMofMdata.
VariableMsamplingM-
MAnswerMusedMtoMestimateMtheMaverageMorMtotalMvalueMofMaMpopulation.
DiscoveryMsamplingM-
MAnswerMusedMtoMdetermineMtheMprobabilityMofMfindingManMattributeMinMaMpopulati
on.
AttributeMsamplingM-
MAnswerMselectingMitemsMfromMaMpopulationMbasedMonMaMcommonMattribute.MUsed
MforMcomplianceMtesting.
ChapterM2M-MAnswerM
, SteeringMCommitteeM-
MAnswerMAppointedMbyMseniorMmanagement.MServesMasMaMgeneralMreviewMboardMfo
rMprojectsMandMacquisitions...MnotMinvolvedMinMroutineMoperations.MTheMcommitteeMs
houldMincludeMrepresentativesMfromMseniorMmanagement,MuserMmanagement,MandMthe
MISMdepartment.MEscalatesMissuesMtoMseniorMmanagement.
RequestMforMProposalM(RFP)M-
MAnswerMAMdocumentMdistributedMtoMsoftwareMvendorsMrequestingMtheirMsubmission
MofMaMproposalMtoMdevelopMorMprovideMaMsoftwareMproduct.MRFPMshouldMinclude:
MProjectMOverview,MKeyMRequirementsMandMConstraints,MScopeMLimitations,MVendorMq
uestionnaire,McustomerMreferences,Mdemonstrations,Metc.
QualityMAssuranceM-MAnswerMCheckMtoMverifyMpoliciesMareMfollowed.
QualityMControlM-MAnswerMCheckMtoMverifyMfreeMfromMdefects.
Bottom-upMapproachMforMpolicyMdevelopmentM-
MAnswerMbeginsMbyMdefiningMoperational-
levelMrequirementsMandMpoliciesMwhichMareMderivedMandMimplementedMasMaMresultM
ofMaMriskMassessment.
ChapterM3M-MAnswerM
OSIMModelM-MAnswerMAllMPeopleMSeemMToMNeedMDominosMPizza
LayerM7M-MApplicationMlayerM-
MAnswerMTheMapplicationMlayerMinterfacesMdirectlyMtoMandMperformsMcommonMapplic
ationMservicesMforMtheMapplicationMprocesses.
LayerM6M-MPresentationMlayerM-
MAnswerMTheMpresentationMlayerMrelievesMtheMApplicationMlayerMofMconcernMregardin
gMsyntacticalMdifferencesMinMdataMrepresentationMwithinMtheMend-
userMsystems.MMIMEMencoding,MdataMcompression,Mencryption,MandMsimilarMmanipulati
onMofMtheMpresentationMofMdataMisMdoneMatMthisMlayer.