PCCN: Practice Exam 2 Study
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hka4th
1. What can worsen patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke?: Fever, Hyper-
glycemia, and low sodium can worsen a patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke.
2. What is the adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?: Dry, Hacking Cough.
Stop the medication and do not administer.
3. What is happening in severe sepsis?: Decreased preload due to blood vessels vasodilate capillary
leaks and volume depletion.
Volume resuscitation is a priority in severe sepsis and septic shock.
4. What are the signs of anxiety?: Nausea, diarrhea, and shortness of breath.
5. What treatment options prevent atelectasis or new breath sound changes
after abdominal surgery?: Chest X-ray and Pulmonary Hygiene.
6. What might cause a change of level of consciousness with a closed head
injury?: If the patient's neuro assessment has changed from their typical baseline, it is due to an increased
intracranial pressure.
7. The difference between right axis, extreme right axis, and left axis deviation of
the heart's electrical triangle system: Left axis deviation: Positive deflection QRS in Lead I. Negative
deflection QRS in lead aVF.
Extreme Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in Lead I. Negative deflection QRS in lead aVF.
Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in lead I. Positive deflection in lead aVF.
Normal Axis deviation: Both positive deflection in lead I and aVF.
8. Patient with pancreatitis is showing Chvostek's sign. What lab finding may be
affected?: Calcium serum level below 8.5
9. How does the S4 heart sound occur with ventricular hypertrophy?: The ventricles
are too thick, and it is difficult to adequately fill the ventricles. The atria make a forceful contraction. The sound and
vibration of the ejection make the S4 heart sound.
10. Exclusion criteria for rTPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator): -active
internal bleeding (an example is GI BLEED)
-acute bleeding
-surgeries within the past 3 months.
11. Early signs versus late signs of increased intracranial pressure: Early signs: Change
of mental status, “LOC
Late signs: Slurred speech, nystagmus, pupil inequality is a sign of impending herniation.
1/5
, PCCN: Practice Exam 2 Study
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hka4th
12. What is the ominous sign of acute asthma exacerbation going in to acute
respiratory failure?: Hypercapnia or elevated PaCO2.
13. Clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock: “Stroke volume will activate RASS ’vasoconstric-
tion ’increase SVR (‘afterload).
‘LEDV ’increase left atrial ‘preload.
signs are crackles and congestion.
pulmonary edema causes impaired gas exchange and impaired tissue perfusion ’cool, pale, and moist skin.
14. Unit practice council duties: -Dissemination of new practice
-Review best practices
-Standards of practice
15. When is PCI completed for STEMI vs NSTEMI?: 90 minutes for STEMI. 24 hours for NSTMI.
16. Aortic Stenosis, Aortic Regurgitation, Mitral stenosis, and Mitral regurgita-
tion murmur sounds: Aortic Stenosis: Systolic Murmur, Rales
Aortic regurgitation: Diastolic murmur, high-pitched decrescendo murmur.
Mitral stenosis: Diastolic murmur.
Mitral regurgitation: Holosystolic murmur, Split S2.
17. What is petechiae?: Superficial bleeding under the skin that appears reddish-purple and pinpoint-sized
spots of hemorrhages on the skin.
18. How come heparin and coumadin is used for a stable Pulmonary embolism?-
: Heparin will prevent the clot from further growth, allowing the body to break it down normally. coumadin is used for
long-term anticoagulation.
19. When is a literature review used to determine best practices?: When there is a
difference in methods for performing a specific task.
20. What leads are affected in inferior-posterior myocardial infarction?: Inferior wall
STEMI on the EKG is Leads II, III, aVF.
Since 90% of the Right Coronary Artery supplies the inferior wall and posterior wall, the posterior wall is affected as
well.
The reciprocal leads for the inferior wall STEMI will show a downward deflection on EKG leads V1, V2.
21. Which phase of the heart is S1 and S2? Which heart valves are open and
closed during S1 and S2: S1 = Systolic phase: Aortic and Pulmonic are open. Mitral and Tricupsid are
closed.
2/5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hka4th
1. What can worsen patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke?: Fever, Hyper-
glycemia, and low sodium can worsen a patient's outcome following an ischemic stroke.
2. What is the adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?: Dry, Hacking Cough.
Stop the medication and do not administer.
3. What is happening in severe sepsis?: Decreased preload due to blood vessels vasodilate capillary
leaks and volume depletion.
Volume resuscitation is a priority in severe sepsis and septic shock.
4. What are the signs of anxiety?: Nausea, diarrhea, and shortness of breath.
5. What treatment options prevent atelectasis or new breath sound changes
after abdominal surgery?: Chest X-ray and Pulmonary Hygiene.
6. What might cause a change of level of consciousness with a closed head
injury?: If the patient's neuro assessment has changed from their typical baseline, it is due to an increased
intracranial pressure.
7. The difference between right axis, extreme right axis, and left axis deviation of
the heart's electrical triangle system: Left axis deviation: Positive deflection QRS in Lead I. Negative
deflection QRS in lead aVF.
Extreme Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in Lead I. Negative deflection QRS in lead aVF.
Right axis deviation: Negative deflection QRS in lead I. Positive deflection in lead aVF.
Normal Axis deviation: Both positive deflection in lead I and aVF.
8. Patient with pancreatitis is showing Chvostek's sign. What lab finding may be
affected?: Calcium serum level below 8.5
9. How does the S4 heart sound occur with ventricular hypertrophy?: The ventricles
are too thick, and it is difficult to adequately fill the ventricles. The atria make a forceful contraction. The sound and
vibration of the ejection make the S4 heart sound.
10. Exclusion criteria for rTPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator): -active
internal bleeding (an example is GI BLEED)
-acute bleeding
-surgeries within the past 3 months.
11. Early signs versus late signs of increased intracranial pressure: Early signs: Change
of mental status, “LOC
Late signs: Slurred speech, nystagmus, pupil inequality is a sign of impending herniation.
1/5
, PCCN: Practice Exam 2 Study
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hka4th
12. What is the ominous sign of acute asthma exacerbation going in to acute
respiratory failure?: Hypercapnia or elevated PaCO2.
13. Clinical manifestations of cardiogenic shock: “Stroke volume will activate RASS ’vasoconstric-
tion ’increase SVR (‘afterload).
‘LEDV ’increase left atrial ‘preload.
signs are crackles and congestion.
pulmonary edema causes impaired gas exchange and impaired tissue perfusion ’cool, pale, and moist skin.
14. Unit practice council duties: -Dissemination of new practice
-Review best practices
-Standards of practice
15. When is PCI completed for STEMI vs NSTEMI?: 90 minutes for STEMI. 24 hours for NSTMI.
16. Aortic Stenosis, Aortic Regurgitation, Mitral stenosis, and Mitral regurgita-
tion murmur sounds: Aortic Stenosis: Systolic Murmur, Rales
Aortic regurgitation: Diastolic murmur, high-pitched decrescendo murmur.
Mitral stenosis: Diastolic murmur.
Mitral regurgitation: Holosystolic murmur, Split S2.
17. What is petechiae?: Superficial bleeding under the skin that appears reddish-purple and pinpoint-sized
spots of hemorrhages on the skin.
18. How come heparin and coumadin is used for a stable Pulmonary embolism?-
: Heparin will prevent the clot from further growth, allowing the body to break it down normally. coumadin is used for
long-term anticoagulation.
19. When is a literature review used to determine best practices?: When there is a
difference in methods for performing a specific task.
20. What leads are affected in inferior-posterior myocardial infarction?: Inferior wall
STEMI on the EKG is Leads II, III, aVF.
Since 90% of the Right Coronary Artery supplies the inferior wall and posterior wall, the posterior wall is affected as
well.
The reciprocal leads for the inferior wall STEMI will show a downward deflection on EKG leads V1, V2.
21. Which phase of the heart is S1 and S2? Which heart valves are open and
closed during S1 and S2: S1 = Systolic phase: Aortic and Pulmonic are open. Mitral and Tricupsid are
closed.
2/5
