Quiz 5 SOP 3004 Test Guides All
Solved Correctly.
Attribution theory - Answer he idea that individuals attempt to understand the behavior of
those around them by forming commonsense explanations for the cause of others' behavior
Attributions - Answer How individuals explain the causes of others' actions and events.
How individuals explain the causes of others' actions and events. - Answer The idea that
individuals make attributions by looking for a
single factor that seems to account for what occurred based on its degree of difference from the
other possible factors.
Internal attributions - Answer Explanations for an individual's behavior that are based on
factors that are
within the person's control, such as an individual's personality or conscious choices.
External attributions - Answer Explanations for an individual's behavior that are based on
factors that are
outside of the person's control, such as getting sick, the weather, or bad luck.
Just world hypothesis - Answer The idea that individuals have a need to believe that they live
in a world where people generally get what they deserve, which can lead to incorrect internal
attributions for others' behavior.
Internal Locus of Control: - Answer The general belief that an individual is in control of his or
her own fate.
External locus of control: - Answer The general belief that one's future is up to fate, chance,
powerful
other people, or some higher power, rather than within that person's own control.
Defensive attribution: - Answer Attributions made by individuals to avoid feeling fear about
the potential
for future negative events.
Terror management theory: - Answer The idea that an awareness of our own mortality
terrifies
,individuals, forcing them to cling to comforting beliefs.
Worldview: - Answer The way an individual perceives and approaches the world.
Covariation model of attribution: - Answer The idea that individuals make attributions
concerning the
cause of an event between two people, the actor and the target, by assessing these three
dimensions: whether other people typically act that way toward the target (consensus),
whether the actor typically behaves that way (distinctiveness), and whether the actor and target
always act this way together (consistency).
The dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution; Consensus: - Answer The
dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution that refers to whether other people tend
to act the same way toward the target person in the situation.
The dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution; Consistency: - Answer The
dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution that refers to whether the actor in the
situation tends to act the same way toward everyone.
The dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution; Distinctiveness: - Answer The
dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution that refers to whether the same actor and
same target always act the same way when together.
Fundamental attribution error: - Answer The tendency to overestimate the influence of
personality and underestimate the power of the situation when making attributions about other
people's behaviors.
Actor-observer bias: - Answer An individual's tendency to think of personality when
explaining other people's behavior but external, situational causes when explaining their own
behavior.
False-consensus effect: - Answer The false assumption that other people share our values,
perceptions, and beliefs.
Truly false consensus effect: - Answer Occurs when individuals believe that others share their
beliefs, even after they have objective, statistical information that contradicts that belief.
False uniqueness bias: - Answer he belief that we are more unique than others when it
comes to socially
desirable traits.
, Memory structures: - Answer The cognitive structures that form the mind and organize and
interpret social information, namely, schemas, scripts, and stereotypes.
Mental structures: - Answer See memory structures.
Schema: - Answer A cognitive and memory structure for organizing the world.
Script: - Answer A memory structure or type of schema that guides common social behaviors
and
expectations for particular types of events; scripts provide individuals with an order of events
for
common situations and expectations for others' behavior.
Attitudes: - Answer An inner tendency to judge or evaluate something or someone either
positively or negatively.
Attitude object: - Answer The object, person, place, or idea an individual explicitly or
implicitly evaluates and directs his or her attitude toward.
Informational belief: - Answer A fact-based belief that includes no positive or negative
judgment.
Evaluative belief: - Answer A belief about an object, person, place, or idea that leads to or
includes a
positive or negative judgment.
Dual attitudes: - Answer When an individual holds contrasting positive and negative beliefs
about the same
attitude object.
Model of dual attitudes: - Answer A model for understanding attitudes that proposes that
new attitudes
override, rather than replace, old attitudes.
Implicit attitudes: - Answer Attitudes based on automatic, unconscious beliefs about an
attitude object.
Solved Correctly.
Attribution theory - Answer he idea that individuals attempt to understand the behavior of
those around them by forming commonsense explanations for the cause of others' behavior
Attributions - Answer How individuals explain the causes of others' actions and events.
How individuals explain the causes of others' actions and events. - Answer The idea that
individuals make attributions by looking for a
single factor that seems to account for what occurred based on its degree of difference from the
other possible factors.
Internal attributions - Answer Explanations for an individual's behavior that are based on
factors that are
within the person's control, such as an individual's personality or conscious choices.
External attributions - Answer Explanations for an individual's behavior that are based on
factors that are
outside of the person's control, such as getting sick, the weather, or bad luck.
Just world hypothesis - Answer The idea that individuals have a need to believe that they live
in a world where people generally get what they deserve, which can lead to incorrect internal
attributions for others' behavior.
Internal Locus of Control: - Answer The general belief that an individual is in control of his or
her own fate.
External locus of control: - Answer The general belief that one's future is up to fate, chance,
powerful
other people, or some higher power, rather than within that person's own control.
Defensive attribution: - Answer Attributions made by individuals to avoid feeling fear about
the potential
for future negative events.
Terror management theory: - Answer The idea that an awareness of our own mortality
terrifies
,individuals, forcing them to cling to comforting beliefs.
Worldview: - Answer The way an individual perceives and approaches the world.
Covariation model of attribution: - Answer The idea that individuals make attributions
concerning the
cause of an event between two people, the actor and the target, by assessing these three
dimensions: whether other people typically act that way toward the target (consensus),
whether the actor typically behaves that way (distinctiveness), and whether the actor and target
always act this way together (consistency).
The dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution; Consensus: - Answer The
dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution that refers to whether other people tend
to act the same way toward the target person in the situation.
The dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution; Consistency: - Answer The
dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution that refers to whether the actor in the
situation tends to act the same way toward everyone.
The dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution; Distinctiveness: - Answer The
dimension of Kelly's covariation model of attribution that refers to whether the same actor and
same target always act the same way when together.
Fundamental attribution error: - Answer The tendency to overestimate the influence of
personality and underestimate the power of the situation when making attributions about other
people's behaviors.
Actor-observer bias: - Answer An individual's tendency to think of personality when
explaining other people's behavior but external, situational causes when explaining their own
behavior.
False-consensus effect: - Answer The false assumption that other people share our values,
perceptions, and beliefs.
Truly false consensus effect: - Answer Occurs when individuals believe that others share their
beliefs, even after they have objective, statistical information that contradicts that belief.
False uniqueness bias: - Answer he belief that we are more unique than others when it
comes to socially
desirable traits.
, Memory structures: - Answer The cognitive structures that form the mind and organize and
interpret social information, namely, schemas, scripts, and stereotypes.
Mental structures: - Answer See memory structures.
Schema: - Answer A cognitive and memory structure for organizing the world.
Script: - Answer A memory structure or type of schema that guides common social behaviors
and
expectations for particular types of events; scripts provide individuals with an order of events
for
common situations and expectations for others' behavior.
Attitudes: - Answer An inner tendency to judge or evaluate something or someone either
positively or negatively.
Attitude object: - Answer The object, person, place, or idea an individual explicitly or
implicitly evaluates and directs his or her attitude toward.
Informational belief: - Answer A fact-based belief that includes no positive or negative
judgment.
Evaluative belief: - Answer A belief about an object, person, place, or idea that leads to or
includes a
positive or negative judgment.
Dual attitudes: - Answer When an individual holds contrasting positive and negative beliefs
about the same
attitude object.
Model of dual attitudes: - Answer A model for understanding attitudes that proposes that
new attitudes
override, rather than replace, old attitudes.
Implicit attitudes: - Answer Attitudes based on automatic, unconscious beliefs about an
attitude object.
