STUDY GUIDE FOR
UNDERSTANDING
MEDICAL SURGICAL
th
NURSING 6 EDITION.
, Answers
CHAPTER 1 Subjective Data
CRITICAL THINKING AND Definition: Information that is provided verbally by the
patient and referred to as symptoms.
THE NURSING PROCESS
Nursing Diagnosis
AUDIO CASE STUDY
Definition: Per NANDA International, a nursing diagnosis is
Jane and the Nursing Process a “clinical judgment concerning a human response to health
1. Assessment/data collection, diagnosis, planning, imple- conditions/life processes, or a vulnerability for that response,
mentation, and evaluation. by an individual, family, group or community. A nursing diag-
2. Jane was exhausted, failed a test, and was pulled in too nosis provides the basis for selection of nursing interventions
many directions. to achieve outcomes for which the nurse has accountability”
3. Jane’s resources included a good friend, sick time from (from www.nanda.org/glossary-of-terms).
work, and wasted time between classes that she could
better utilize. Your resources will be different, but they’re
Evaluation
there!
Definition:-Examination-of-outcomes-and-interventions-to-de--
VOCABULARY termine-progress-toward-desired-outcomes-and-effectiveness-
of-interventions.
Nursing Process
Definition: An organizing framework that links thinking with
nursing actions. Steps include assessment/data collection,
Vigilance
nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Definition:-The-act-of-being-attentive,-alert,-and-watchful.
Critical Thinking SUBJECTIVE-AND-OBJECTIVE-DATA
Definition: The use of those cognitive (knowledge) skills or 1. Subjective- (symptom)
strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. 2. Subjective- (symptom)
Also involves reflection, problem-solving, and related think- 3. Objective-(sign)
ing skills. 4. Objective-(sign)
5. Subjective- (symptom)
6. Objective-(sign)
Assessment 7. Subjective- (symptom)
Definition: Gathering subjective and objective data to plan care. 8. Objective-(sign)
9. Subjective- (symptom)
10. Subjective- (symptom)
Objective Data 11. Objective-(sign)
Definition: Factual information obtained through physical as- 12. Objective-(sign)
sessment and diagnostic tests. Objective data are observable 13. Subjective- (symptom)
or knowable through the health care worker’s five senses. 14. Objective-(sign)
Referred to as signs. 15. Objective-(sign)
1
,2 Chapter- 1- Answers
CRITICAL- THINKING
This- is- just- one- possible- way- to- complete- a- cognitive- map.
Could- it- be- low Frontal- are "Sick"- feelin Hard Tylenol- helps
AmokI-diabetic Hunger- make
Patient'so Whereokisokit Quality Aggravatingokan-
kperceptio
dokalleviatingokfac
Food- help
Headache
Usefulokothe Severity Timing
-rokdata
Sometimes- Mother- 7–8- on- Lasts- 1– Before- meal Early- in-
fee-l- sick- to- i-s- 0– 2- hours- onc th-e-
stom diabet 10 mornin
REVIEW- QUESTIONS—CONTENT- REVIEW (2,signs; - assessment- is- the- first- step- in- the- nursing- process.-
- 3,- 4)- are- all- steps- in- the- nursing- process,- for- which
The- correct- answers- are- in- boldface. the-registered-nurse-is-responsible;-the-licensed-pract-
1. (3)- is- a- nursing- diagnosis.- (1,- 2,- 4)- are- medical- ical-nurse/licensed-vocational-nurse-may-assist-the-r-
diag-noses. egis-- tered- nurse- with- these.
2. (1)- is- a- medical- diagnosis.- (2,- 3,- 4)- are- nursing- 8. (1,- 4,- 5)- can- be- observed- through- use- of- the-
diag-noses. five-senses.- (2,- 3)- are- subjective- data- that- the-
3. (1)- is- correct.- The- nurse- who- keeps- trying- until- patient-must- report.
theo- prob- 9. (2)- indicates- that- the- patient- is- concerned- about-
lem- is- solved- is- exhibiting- perseverance.- (2,- 3,- 4)- free-dom- from- injury- and- harm.- (1)- relates- to- basic-
are- incorrect. nee-ds- such- as- air,- oxygen,- and- water.- (3)- relates-
4. (3,- 4,- 5,- 1,- 2)- is- the- correct- order. to- fee-ling- loved.- (4)- is- related- to- having- positive-
5. (1)- is- the- best- definition.- (2,- 3,- 4)- do- not- define- self--esteem.
critical- thinking- but- are- examples- of- good- 10. (4)- is- objective,- realistic,- and- measurable- with- a- time
thinkin-g.
REVIEW- QUESTIONS—TEST- PREPARATION
f rame.- (1,- 2,- 3)- are- all- good- outcomes,- but- they- relate- to
airway- clearance,- nutrition,- and- strength,- not-
The- correct- answers- are- in- boldface.
directly-to- swallowing.
6. (4)- is- correct.- Evaluation- determines- whether- goals- 11. -(2)- is- correct.- The- three- parts- of- a- diagnosis-
a-re- achieved- and- interventions- effective.- (2)- is- the- inclu-de- the- problem- (from- the- NANDA-
rol-e- of- the- physician.- (1,- 3)- encompass- data- International- [-NANDA-
collection-and- imple- I] list),- etiology- (“related- to”),- and- symptoms-
mentation,- which- are- earlier- steps- in- the- nursing- pr- (“as-evi-
ocess. denced- by”).- (1)- does- not- include- symptoms.- (3)-
7. (1)- is- correct.- The- licensed- practical- nurse/licensed- is- a- medical- diagnosis.- (4)- is- not- a- NANDA-
v-oca- I- diagnosis,- and- the- evidence- is- not- related- to- dys-
tional- nurse- can- collect- data,- which- includes- pnea.
taking-vital
, Answers
CHAPTER-2 6.- Health- literacy:- Degree- to- which- a- person- has- the- capac-
ity- to- obtain,- process,- and- understand- basic- health- infor--
EVIDENCE- mation- and- services- to- make- the- best-
informed- health- decisions.
AUDIO- CASE- STUDY 5. Systematic- review:- A- review- of- relevant- research- using-
gu-idelines.
Marie- and- Evidence-Based- Practice
1. Thirdhand- smoke- is- the- dangerous- toxins- of-
smoke-that- linger- on- hair,- clothing,- furniture,- and-
other- s-urfaces- in- an- area- after- a- cigarette- is- put-
out.- Mar-ie- learned- that- exposure- to- these- toxins-
can- be- ne-urotoxic- to- children- and- can- trigger-
asthma- attacks-in- sensitive- people.
2. Evidence-
based- practice- is- considered- the- gold- standard- of- he-
alth- care.
3. Step- 1:- Ask- the- burning- question.- Step- 2:- Search-
an- d- collect- the- most- relevant- and- best- evidence-
availa-ble.- Step- 3:- Think- critically.- Appraise- the-
evidence- f-or- validity,- relevance- to- the- situation,-
and- applicabili-ty.- Step- 4:- Measure- the- outcomes-
before- and- after- i-nstituting- the- change.- Step- 5:-
Make- it- happen.- Step- 6:- Evaluate- the- practice-
decision- or- change.
4. Combination- therapy- with- a- nicotine- patch- and-
nicot-ine- lozenges- worked- best,- although- bupropion-
(Zyba-n)- and- nicotine- lozenges- worked- well,- too.- A-
Cochr-ane- Review-found- that-advice- and- support-
from- nur-sing-staff-can-increase-patients’-success-in-
quitting-s-moking,- especially- in- a- hospital- setting.
VOCABULARY
1. Evidence-
based- practice:- A- systematic- process- that- uses- curre-
nt- evidence- in- making- decisions- about- patient- care.
2. Evidence-
informed- practice:- Consideration- of- patient- fac-
tors- along- with- the- use- of- evidence- for- shared- deci-
sion-
making- between- the- health- care- provider- and- the- pa-
tient.
3. Randomized-controlled-trials:-True-experimental-stud-
ies-in-which-as-many-factors-as-possible-that-could-
falsely- change- the- results- are- controlled.
4. Research:-Scientific-study,-investigation,-or-experimen-
ta-
tion- to- establish- facts- and- analyze- their- significance
.
1
UNDERSTANDING
MEDICAL SURGICAL
th
NURSING 6 EDITION.
, Answers
CHAPTER 1 Subjective Data
CRITICAL THINKING AND Definition: Information that is provided verbally by the
patient and referred to as symptoms.
THE NURSING PROCESS
Nursing Diagnosis
AUDIO CASE STUDY
Definition: Per NANDA International, a nursing diagnosis is
Jane and the Nursing Process a “clinical judgment concerning a human response to health
1. Assessment/data collection, diagnosis, planning, imple- conditions/life processes, or a vulnerability for that response,
mentation, and evaluation. by an individual, family, group or community. A nursing diag-
2. Jane was exhausted, failed a test, and was pulled in too nosis provides the basis for selection of nursing interventions
many directions. to achieve outcomes for which the nurse has accountability”
3. Jane’s resources included a good friend, sick time from (from www.nanda.org/glossary-of-terms).
work, and wasted time between classes that she could
better utilize. Your resources will be different, but they’re
Evaluation
there!
Definition:-Examination-of-outcomes-and-interventions-to-de--
VOCABULARY termine-progress-toward-desired-outcomes-and-effectiveness-
of-interventions.
Nursing Process
Definition: An organizing framework that links thinking with
nursing actions. Steps include assessment/data collection,
Vigilance
nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Definition:-The-act-of-being-attentive,-alert,-and-watchful.
Critical Thinking SUBJECTIVE-AND-OBJECTIVE-DATA
Definition: The use of those cognitive (knowledge) skills or 1. Subjective- (symptom)
strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. 2. Subjective- (symptom)
Also involves reflection, problem-solving, and related think- 3. Objective-(sign)
ing skills. 4. Objective-(sign)
5. Subjective- (symptom)
6. Objective-(sign)
Assessment 7. Subjective- (symptom)
Definition: Gathering subjective and objective data to plan care. 8. Objective-(sign)
9. Subjective- (symptom)
10. Subjective- (symptom)
Objective Data 11. Objective-(sign)
Definition: Factual information obtained through physical as- 12. Objective-(sign)
sessment and diagnostic tests. Objective data are observable 13. Subjective- (symptom)
or knowable through the health care worker’s five senses. 14. Objective-(sign)
Referred to as signs. 15. Objective-(sign)
1
,2 Chapter- 1- Answers
CRITICAL- THINKING
This- is- just- one- possible- way- to- complete- a- cognitive- map.
Could- it- be- low Frontal- are "Sick"- feelin Hard Tylenol- helps
AmokI-diabetic Hunger- make
Patient'so Whereokisokit Quality Aggravatingokan-
kperceptio
dokalleviatingokfac
Food- help
Headache
Usefulokothe Severity Timing
-rokdata
Sometimes- Mother- 7–8- on- Lasts- 1– Before- meal Early- in-
fee-l- sick- to- i-s- 0– 2- hours- onc th-e-
stom diabet 10 mornin
REVIEW- QUESTIONS—CONTENT- REVIEW (2,signs; - assessment- is- the- first- step- in- the- nursing- process.-
- 3,- 4)- are- all- steps- in- the- nursing- process,- for- which
The- correct- answers- are- in- boldface. the-registered-nurse-is-responsible;-the-licensed-pract-
1. (3)- is- a- nursing- diagnosis.- (1,- 2,- 4)- are- medical- ical-nurse/licensed-vocational-nurse-may-assist-the-r-
diag-noses. egis-- tered- nurse- with- these.
2. (1)- is- a- medical- diagnosis.- (2,- 3,- 4)- are- nursing- 8. (1,- 4,- 5)- can- be- observed- through- use- of- the-
diag-noses. five-senses.- (2,- 3)- are- subjective- data- that- the-
3. (1)- is- correct.- The- nurse- who- keeps- trying- until- patient-must- report.
theo- prob- 9. (2)- indicates- that- the- patient- is- concerned- about-
lem- is- solved- is- exhibiting- perseverance.- (2,- 3,- 4)- free-dom- from- injury- and- harm.- (1)- relates- to- basic-
are- incorrect. nee-ds- such- as- air,- oxygen,- and- water.- (3)- relates-
4. (3,- 4,- 5,- 1,- 2)- is- the- correct- order. to- fee-ling- loved.- (4)- is- related- to- having- positive-
5. (1)- is- the- best- definition.- (2,- 3,- 4)- do- not- define- self--esteem.
critical- thinking- but- are- examples- of- good- 10. (4)- is- objective,- realistic,- and- measurable- with- a- time
thinkin-g.
REVIEW- QUESTIONS—TEST- PREPARATION
f rame.- (1,- 2,- 3)- are- all- good- outcomes,- but- they- relate- to
airway- clearance,- nutrition,- and- strength,- not-
The- correct- answers- are- in- boldface.
directly-to- swallowing.
6. (4)- is- correct.- Evaluation- determines- whether- goals- 11. -(2)- is- correct.- The- three- parts- of- a- diagnosis-
a-re- achieved- and- interventions- effective.- (2)- is- the- inclu-de- the- problem- (from- the- NANDA-
rol-e- of- the- physician.- (1,- 3)- encompass- data- International- [-NANDA-
collection-and- imple- I] list),- etiology- (“related- to”),- and- symptoms-
mentation,- which- are- earlier- steps- in- the- nursing- pr- (“as-evi-
ocess. denced- by”).- (1)- does- not- include- symptoms.- (3)-
7. (1)- is- correct.- The- licensed- practical- nurse/licensed- is- a- medical- diagnosis.- (4)- is- not- a- NANDA-
v-oca- I- diagnosis,- and- the- evidence- is- not- related- to- dys-
tional- nurse- can- collect- data,- which- includes- pnea.
taking-vital
, Answers
CHAPTER-2 6.- Health- literacy:- Degree- to- which- a- person- has- the- capac-
ity- to- obtain,- process,- and- understand- basic- health- infor--
EVIDENCE- mation- and- services- to- make- the- best-
informed- health- decisions.
AUDIO- CASE- STUDY 5. Systematic- review:- A- review- of- relevant- research- using-
gu-idelines.
Marie- and- Evidence-Based- Practice
1. Thirdhand- smoke- is- the- dangerous- toxins- of-
smoke-that- linger- on- hair,- clothing,- furniture,- and-
other- s-urfaces- in- an- area- after- a- cigarette- is- put-
out.- Mar-ie- learned- that- exposure- to- these- toxins-
can- be- ne-urotoxic- to- children- and- can- trigger-
asthma- attacks-in- sensitive- people.
2. Evidence-
based- practice- is- considered- the- gold- standard- of- he-
alth- care.
3. Step- 1:- Ask- the- burning- question.- Step- 2:- Search-
an- d- collect- the- most- relevant- and- best- evidence-
availa-ble.- Step- 3:- Think- critically.- Appraise- the-
evidence- f-or- validity,- relevance- to- the- situation,-
and- applicabili-ty.- Step- 4:- Measure- the- outcomes-
before- and- after- i-nstituting- the- change.- Step- 5:-
Make- it- happen.- Step- 6:- Evaluate- the- practice-
decision- or- change.
4. Combination- therapy- with- a- nicotine- patch- and-
nicot-ine- lozenges- worked- best,- although- bupropion-
(Zyba-n)- and- nicotine- lozenges- worked- well,- too.- A-
Cochr-ane- Review-found- that-advice- and- support-
from- nur-sing-staff-can-increase-patients’-success-in-
quitting-s-moking,- especially- in- a- hospital- setting.
VOCABULARY
1. Evidence-
based- practice:- A- systematic- process- that- uses- curre-
nt- evidence- in- making- decisions- about- patient- care.
2. Evidence-
informed- practice:- Consideration- of- patient- fac-
tors- along- with- the- use- of- evidence- for- shared- deci-
sion-
making- between- the- health- care- provider- and- the- pa-
tient.
3. Randomized-controlled-trials:-True-experimental-stud-
ies-in-which-as-many-factors-as-possible-that-could-
falsely- change- the- results- are- controlled.
4. Research:-Scientific-study,-investigation,-or-experimen-
ta-
tion- to- establish- facts- and- analyze- their- significance
.
1
