PHARMACOLOGY
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,Question 1
Pharmacology
Correct Answer
the study of drugs
-Toxicology (study of environmental toxins)
-therapeutics: 2 subtypes--> (use a drug to treat a disease)
1. pharmacodynamics (what a drug does to the body)
2. pharmacokinetics (what the body does to a drug, absorb, distribute etc)
Question 2
what is a drug
Correct Answer
any chemical that changes the processes of living
Question 3
Drug Nomenclature
Correct Answer
Chemical name: N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol (development stage)
Generic Name: Acetominophen (easier to pronounce and remember) *only 1 generic name. They all have the same
suffix.
Trade name: Tylenol (can be numerous trade names)
Question 4
Drug Resources
Correct Answer
1. physicians desk reference (PDR)
2. Nursing drug guides (mosby's' et al.)
3. Online resources (epocrates.com)
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 48
,Question 5
What is a receptor? 5 components
Correct Answer
1. some component on or inside a cell that substances can bind
2. Most drugs and endogenous substances bind receptors
3. Most protein based
4. Lock and key (structurally match up to receptor)
5. Receptor Subtypes (ex: ACH-nicotinic receptor: recognizes both autonomic ganglion and skeletal muscle, but can
make one that only recognizes on area)
Question 6
Types of Receptors
Correct Answer
1. Receptors located on the cell surface
2. Intracellular Receptors
-Cytosolic receptors
-Nuclear receptors
Question 7
Why have receptors on the cell surface?
Correct Answer
Majority of hormones are not have able to cross the membrane through diffusion, so they have to bind to a receptor
on the surface to get into the cell.
They are not lipid soluble.
most hormones and neurostransmitters are lipid INSOLUBLE, so they need receptors to bring them into the cell.
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 48
, Question 8
Receptors on the cell surface
Communication of hormones and receptors.
Correct Answer
1. Receptors are linked to ion channels. They control the opening of it. (Ex: acetylcholine is able to get Na+ into the
cell by initiating opening of ion channels when it binds)
2. receptors linked to enzymes (ex: insulin or GH, bind to receptor on surface and causes the enzymatic portion to
produce changes within the cell. *Picture ^)
3. Receptors linked to second messengers
(Both use G proteins: Adenylate Cyclase System, IP3 system)
Question 9
Second Messenger System
Adenylate Cyclase steps
Correct Answer
1. hormone binds to the specific receptor (1st messenger) *The receptor must be COUPLED to the G protein to work.
2. Causes GTP to bind to protien
3. Causes G protein to move away from receptor through the membrane until it encounters an enzyme
4. the enzyme is adylte. cyclase
5. ad cly. takesATP and convert it to cyclic ATP
6 .CYClic ATP is our second messenger.
7. Cyclic ATP activates an enzyme and triggers responses of the target cell.
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 4 of 48
120+ (Latest 2025-2026 Edition) 100%
Verified Q&A + Answer Key Solutions
100% Guarantee Pass
✓ This Exam contains: Pharmacology
✓ 100% Accurate Questions and Answers
✓ 100% Guarantee Pass - Verified by Experts
✓ Each Question Includes The Correct Answer
✓ Expert-Verified
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 1 of 48
,Question 1
Pharmacology
Correct Answer
the study of drugs
-Toxicology (study of environmental toxins)
-therapeutics: 2 subtypes--> (use a drug to treat a disease)
1. pharmacodynamics (what a drug does to the body)
2. pharmacokinetics (what the body does to a drug, absorb, distribute etc)
Question 2
what is a drug
Correct Answer
any chemical that changes the processes of living
Question 3
Drug Nomenclature
Correct Answer
Chemical name: N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol (development stage)
Generic Name: Acetominophen (easier to pronounce and remember) *only 1 generic name. They all have the same
suffix.
Trade name: Tylenol (can be numerous trade names)
Question 4
Drug Resources
Correct Answer
1. physicians desk reference (PDR)
2. Nursing drug guides (mosby's' et al.)
3. Online resources (epocrates.com)
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 2 of 48
,Question 5
What is a receptor? 5 components
Correct Answer
1. some component on or inside a cell that substances can bind
2. Most drugs and endogenous substances bind receptors
3. Most protein based
4. Lock and key (structurally match up to receptor)
5. Receptor Subtypes (ex: ACH-nicotinic receptor: recognizes both autonomic ganglion and skeletal muscle, but can
make one that only recognizes on area)
Question 6
Types of Receptors
Correct Answer
1. Receptors located on the cell surface
2. Intracellular Receptors
-Cytosolic receptors
-Nuclear receptors
Question 7
Why have receptors on the cell surface?
Correct Answer
Majority of hormones are not have able to cross the membrane through diffusion, so they have to bind to a receptor
on the surface to get into the cell.
They are not lipid soluble.
most hormones and neurostransmitters are lipid INSOLUBLE, so they need receptors to bring them into the cell.
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 3 of 48
, Question 8
Receptors on the cell surface
Communication of hormones and receptors.
Correct Answer
1. Receptors are linked to ion channels. They control the opening of it. (Ex: acetylcholine is able to get Na+ into the
cell by initiating opening of ion channels when it binds)
2. receptors linked to enzymes (ex: insulin or GH, bind to receptor on surface and causes the enzymatic portion to
produce changes within the cell. *Picture ^)
3. Receptors linked to second messengers
(Both use G proteins: Adenylate Cyclase System, IP3 system)
Question 9
Second Messenger System
Adenylate Cyclase steps
Correct Answer
1. hormone binds to the specific receptor (1st messenger) *The receptor must be COUPLED to the G protein to work.
2. Causes GTP to bind to protien
3. Causes G protein to move away from receptor through the membrane until it encounters an enzyme
4. the enzyme is adylte. cyclase
5. ad cly. takesATP and convert it to cyclic ATP
6 .CYClic ATP is our second messenger.
7. Cyclic ATP activates an enzyme and triggers responses of the target cell.
Trusted by thousands of students and professionals worldwide Page 4 of 48
