VN 100 – Foundations of Nursing, 2026 – Study guide and
course material
nursing traces back to the word "nurture" - correct answer ✔✔ to nourish
illness - correct answer ✔✔ abnormal process in which any aspects of social, emotional or
intellectual condition and the person's functioning is altered or diminished(impaired) (in
comparison to the previous condition of health)
Care of the sick during early civilization - correct answer ✔✔ Illness was considered to be an
indicator of how one stood with god; it was understood as a direct outcome of divine disfavor.
Primitive people believed that a person became sick when an evil spirit entered the body and
that the presence of a good spirit kept disease away. Medicine men performed witchcraft and
rituals to induce. Bad spirits to leave the body of the ailing person.
Florence Nightingale (1820-1910)( Lady with the lamp) - correct answer ✔✔ Considered the
founder of organized, professional nursing(first nursing theorist). She is best known for her
contributions to the reforms in the British Army Medical Corps, improved sanitation in India,
improved public health in Great Britain, use of statistics to document health outcomes, and the
development of organized training for nurses.
Florence Nightingale theory - correct answer ✔✔ Concept of balance between environment and
patient: emphasized prevention; clean air, water, and housing
Nursing from occupation to profession - correct answer ✔✔ 1860 Nightangale began
reformation of nursing from an occupation to a profession by establishing the nursing school at
St. Thomas Hospital in London.
Pastor Theodor Fliedner - correct answer ✔✔ Established the Kaiserswerth School of nursing in
Kaiserswerth, Germany which Nightengale attended in 1851
, Dorthea Dix - correct answer ✔✔ Pioneer crusader for elevation of standards of care for the
mentally ill. Superintendent of female nurses of the Union Army
Clara Barton (1821-1912) - correct answer ✔✔ Developed the American Red Cross in 1881
Clara Barton and Dorothea Dix - correct answer ✔✔ What two women helped transform
nursing into a respected profession during the Civil War?
Marry ann ball - correct answer ✔✔ One of the greatest nurse heroines of civil war.
Championed the rights/ comforts of soldiers, organized diet kitchens, laundries, ambulance
services and supervised nursing staff
Nursing Education - correct answer ✔✔ - 1 year training
-" Nightingale plan " (model for nursing education in 20th century)
-the "register"
Established a standard for the practicing nurse
"Nightingale Nurses" Improved patient care by - correct answer ✔✔ -good hygiene
-patient observation
-acute record keeping
-nutritional improvements
-introduced new medical equipment
Mary Mahoney (1845-1926) - correct answer ✔✔ America's 1st African-American professionally
educated nurse( Graduated from New England hospital 1879)
Worked for acceptance of African Americans in nursing & for promotion of equal opportunities
course material
nursing traces back to the word "nurture" - correct answer ✔✔ to nourish
illness - correct answer ✔✔ abnormal process in which any aspects of social, emotional or
intellectual condition and the person's functioning is altered or diminished(impaired) (in
comparison to the previous condition of health)
Care of the sick during early civilization - correct answer ✔✔ Illness was considered to be an
indicator of how one stood with god; it was understood as a direct outcome of divine disfavor.
Primitive people believed that a person became sick when an evil spirit entered the body and
that the presence of a good spirit kept disease away. Medicine men performed witchcraft and
rituals to induce. Bad spirits to leave the body of the ailing person.
Florence Nightingale (1820-1910)( Lady with the lamp) - correct answer ✔✔ Considered the
founder of organized, professional nursing(first nursing theorist). She is best known for her
contributions to the reforms in the British Army Medical Corps, improved sanitation in India,
improved public health in Great Britain, use of statistics to document health outcomes, and the
development of organized training for nurses.
Florence Nightingale theory - correct answer ✔✔ Concept of balance between environment and
patient: emphasized prevention; clean air, water, and housing
Nursing from occupation to profession - correct answer ✔✔ 1860 Nightangale began
reformation of nursing from an occupation to a profession by establishing the nursing school at
St. Thomas Hospital in London.
Pastor Theodor Fliedner - correct answer ✔✔ Established the Kaiserswerth School of nursing in
Kaiserswerth, Germany which Nightengale attended in 1851
, Dorthea Dix - correct answer ✔✔ Pioneer crusader for elevation of standards of care for the
mentally ill. Superintendent of female nurses of the Union Army
Clara Barton (1821-1912) - correct answer ✔✔ Developed the American Red Cross in 1881
Clara Barton and Dorothea Dix - correct answer ✔✔ What two women helped transform
nursing into a respected profession during the Civil War?
Marry ann ball - correct answer ✔✔ One of the greatest nurse heroines of civil war.
Championed the rights/ comforts of soldiers, organized diet kitchens, laundries, ambulance
services and supervised nursing staff
Nursing Education - correct answer ✔✔ - 1 year training
-" Nightingale plan " (model for nursing education in 20th century)
-the "register"
Established a standard for the practicing nurse
"Nightingale Nurses" Improved patient care by - correct answer ✔✔ -good hygiene
-patient observation
-acute record keeping
-nutritional improvements
-introduced new medical equipment
Mary Mahoney (1845-1926) - correct answer ✔✔ America's 1st African-American professionally
educated nurse( Graduated from New England hospital 1879)
Worked for acceptance of African Americans in nursing & for promotion of equal opportunities
