Fundamentals VN 100 – Exam 1, 2026 – Study guide and practice
material
How has nursing evolved or changed through the years? - correct answer ✔✔ Nightingale
enhanced training, more formal education, standards of care
What lessons did Florence Nightingale leave on the profession? - correct answer ✔✔ Nutrition
is an important part of nursing care.
• Fresh, clean air is beneficial to the sick.
• Sick people need occupational and recreational therapy.
• Nurses should help identify and meet patients' personal needs, including providing emotional
support.
• Nursing should be directed toward two conditions: health and illness.
• Nursing is distinct and separate from the practice of medicine and should be taught by nurses.
• Continuing education is needed for nurses.
Differences between PPO and HMO - correct answer ✔✔ PPO- preferred provider organizations
-large pool of potential patients
-keeps premium rates lower
-larger # of providers
HMO-Health Maintenance Organization
-Enroll patients for a set fee per month
-Limited network
One goal of HMO is to keep patients healthy and out of the hospital
, Standards of care vs. Scope of Practice - correct answer ✔✔ standards of care refer to how the
care is provided (ANA).
Scope of practice refers to what the RN/LVN is licensed to do or NOT do. Defined by Practice
acts. Changes state by state.
Studen nurse regulations - correct answer ✔✔ -Held to same standards as licensed nurses
-Responsible for owns actions and liability
-Responsible for consultation with instructor if put in unsafe or inappropriate situations
-Need to know state's laws on practice
DNR and Full code - correct answer ✔✔ Usually in a patients directives. If nurses do not check
these directives on patients record it is considered assault if you full code on a patient who DNR.
HIPPA - correct answer ✔✔ Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
-Regulates patients privacy and electronic medical records
-PHI- protected health information
if patient wants access to their own PHI they have to sign a form
-
Ethical terms in nursing - correct answer ✔✔ Beneficence: to do good; taking positive action to
help others
• Nonmaleficence: to avoid causing harm to someone
• Veracity: being honest and truthful
• Fidelity: keeping promises
• Autonomy: respecting someone's self-determination
• Justice: treating people with fairness
material
How has nursing evolved or changed through the years? - correct answer ✔✔ Nightingale
enhanced training, more formal education, standards of care
What lessons did Florence Nightingale leave on the profession? - correct answer ✔✔ Nutrition
is an important part of nursing care.
• Fresh, clean air is beneficial to the sick.
• Sick people need occupational and recreational therapy.
• Nurses should help identify and meet patients' personal needs, including providing emotional
support.
• Nursing should be directed toward two conditions: health and illness.
• Nursing is distinct and separate from the practice of medicine and should be taught by nurses.
• Continuing education is needed for nurses.
Differences between PPO and HMO - correct answer ✔✔ PPO- preferred provider organizations
-large pool of potential patients
-keeps premium rates lower
-larger # of providers
HMO-Health Maintenance Organization
-Enroll patients for a set fee per month
-Limited network
One goal of HMO is to keep patients healthy and out of the hospital
, Standards of care vs. Scope of Practice - correct answer ✔✔ standards of care refer to how the
care is provided (ANA).
Scope of practice refers to what the RN/LVN is licensed to do or NOT do. Defined by Practice
acts. Changes state by state.
Studen nurse regulations - correct answer ✔✔ -Held to same standards as licensed nurses
-Responsible for owns actions and liability
-Responsible for consultation with instructor if put in unsafe or inappropriate situations
-Need to know state's laws on practice
DNR and Full code - correct answer ✔✔ Usually in a patients directives. If nurses do not check
these directives on patients record it is considered assault if you full code on a patient who DNR.
HIPPA - correct answer ✔✔ Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
-Regulates patients privacy and electronic medical records
-PHI- protected health information
if patient wants access to their own PHI they have to sign a form
-
Ethical terms in nursing - correct answer ✔✔ Beneficence: to do good; taking positive action to
help others
• Nonmaleficence: to avoid causing harm to someone
• Veracity: being honest and truthful
• Fidelity: keeping promises
• Autonomy: respecting someone's self-determination
• Justice: treating people with fairness
