PSY 395 EXAM 1 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | NEW
UPDATE 2026 | GRADED A+
Temporal Precedence - ANSWERS Does the casual variable come before the
effect variable in time. Ex: Does the change in temperature come before the
change in coffee sales
Covariance - ANSWERS Is the casual variable related to the effect variable. Ex:
Are coffee sales related to temperature?
To test an idea, a researcher conducts multiple studies. Some of the studies show
a significant result, while other studies show a nonsignificant result. Publication
bias would occur if the researcher: - ANSWERS Only publishes the significant
results
Study 1: In a sample of children, boys prefer to play with cars and girls prefer to
play with dolls
Study 2: In a sample of adults, men prefer to read about machines and women
prefer to read about caretaking
Study 2 is a DIRECT replication of study 1. - ANSWERS False
Compared to large studies, small studies - ANSWERS Have less statistical
power and tend to overestimate effect sizes
,We want to measure the effect of temperature on body odor. We have subjects sit
in a room for 30 minutes. We assign subjects to three groups—a 70° room, an 80°,
and a 90° room. What is our independent variable? a) Temperature b) Body odor
c) Both A &B d) Neither A nor B - ANSWERS Temperature
We want to measure the effect of temperature on body odor. We have subjects sit
in a room for 30 minutes. We assign subjects to three groups—a 70° room, an 80°,
and a 90° room. What is our dependent variable? a) Temperature b) Body odor c)
Both A &B d) Neither A nor B - ANSWERS Body odor
We want to measure the effect of temperature on body odor. We have subjects sit
in a room for 30 minutes. We assign subjects to three groups—a 70° room, an 80°,
and a 90° room. How many levels of the independent variable are there? a) 1 b) 2
c) 3 d) 4 - ANSWERS 3
What do we need to determine causality in a research study? a) Temporal
precedence b) Covariance c) Internal validity d) All of the above - ANSWERS All
of the above
We want to know whether serving bowl size influences how many calories people
eat. The large bowl is filled with spaghetti and the small bowl is filled with ravioli.
We find that people consume more calories when served from the large bowl.
However, we cannot determine a causal link between serving bowl size and
calories consumed because of a threat to: a) Temporal precedence b) Covariance
c) Internal validity d) All of the above - ANSWERS Internal Validity
We want to know whether serving bowl size influences how many calories people
eat. The large bowl is filled with spaghetti and the small bowl is filled with ravioli.
We find that people consume more calories when served from the large bowl.
, True or False: Type of pasta is a confound in this study. a) True b) False -
ANSWERS True
We want to see which energy drink can keep people awake for longest—Red Bull
or 5-hour energy. We have people drink one energy drink and record how long
they stay awake. One week later they drink the other energy drink and we record
how long they stay awake. Half of the subjects get Red Bull first and half of them
get 5-hour energy first. This is an example of: a) Counterbalancing b) Attrition c)
Practice effects - ANSWERS Counter balancing
You want to know how different energy drinks affect driving ability. You assign
each subject to one energy drink group—Red Bull, Monster, or 5-hour energy.
They each drink their energy drink and you rate their driving ability in a video
game. This is an example of a: a) Post-test only study b) Pre/Post-test study -
ANSWERS Post-test only study
You want to know how different energy drinks affect driving ability. You assign
each subject to one energy drink group—Red Bull, Monster, or 5-hour energy. You
rate their driving ability in a video game. Then they drink their energy drink. 30
minutes later, you rate their driving ability in a video game again. This is an
example of a: a) Post-test only study b) Pre/Post-test study - ANSWERS
Pre/Post-test only
You want to know how Red Bull affects driving ability. You rate their driving ability
in a video game. Then they drink a Red Bull. 30 minutes later, you rate their
driving ability in a video game again and you find that they got better. You can
conclude that Red Bull improves driving performance. a) True b) False -
ANSWERS False
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | NEW
UPDATE 2026 | GRADED A+
Temporal Precedence - ANSWERS Does the casual variable come before the
effect variable in time. Ex: Does the change in temperature come before the
change in coffee sales
Covariance - ANSWERS Is the casual variable related to the effect variable. Ex:
Are coffee sales related to temperature?
To test an idea, a researcher conducts multiple studies. Some of the studies show
a significant result, while other studies show a nonsignificant result. Publication
bias would occur if the researcher: - ANSWERS Only publishes the significant
results
Study 1: In a sample of children, boys prefer to play with cars and girls prefer to
play with dolls
Study 2: In a sample of adults, men prefer to read about machines and women
prefer to read about caretaking
Study 2 is a DIRECT replication of study 1. - ANSWERS False
Compared to large studies, small studies - ANSWERS Have less statistical
power and tend to overestimate effect sizes
,We want to measure the effect of temperature on body odor. We have subjects sit
in a room for 30 minutes. We assign subjects to three groups—a 70° room, an 80°,
and a 90° room. What is our independent variable? a) Temperature b) Body odor
c) Both A &B d) Neither A nor B - ANSWERS Temperature
We want to measure the effect of temperature on body odor. We have subjects sit
in a room for 30 minutes. We assign subjects to three groups—a 70° room, an 80°,
and a 90° room. What is our dependent variable? a) Temperature b) Body odor c)
Both A &B d) Neither A nor B - ANSWERS Body odor
We want to measure the effect of temperature on body odor. We have subjects sit
in a room for 30 minutes. We assign subjects to three groups—a 70° room, an 80°,
and a 90° room. How many levels of the independent variable are there? a) 1 b) 2
c) 3 d) 4 - ANSWERS 3
What do we need to determine causality in a research study? a) Temporal
precedence b) Covariance c) Internal validity d) All of the above - ANSWERS All
of the above
We want to know whether serving bowl size influences how many calories people
eat. The large bowl is filled with spaghetti and the small bowl is filled with ravioli.
We find that people consume more calories when served from the large bowl.
However, we cannot determine a causal link between serving bowl size and
calories consumed because of a threat to: a) Temporal precedence b) Covariance
c) Internal validity d) All of the above - ANSWERS Internal Validity
We want to know whether serving bowl size influences how many calories people
eat. The large bowl is filled with spaghetti and the small bowl is filled with ravioli.
We find that people consume more calories when served from the large bowl.
, True or False: Type of pasta is a confound in this study. a) True b) False -
ANSWERS True
We want to see which energy drink can keep people awake for longest—Red Bull
or 5-hour energy. We have people drink one energy drink and record how long
they stay awake. One week later they drink the other energy drink and we record
how long they stay awake. Half of the subjects get Red Bull first and half of them
get 5-hour energy first. This is an example of: a) Counterbalancing b) Attrition c)
Practice effects - ANSWERS Counter balancing
You want to know how different energy drinks affect driving ability. You assign
each subject to one energy drink group—Red Bull, Monster, or 5-hour energy.
They each drink their energy drink and you rate their driving ability in a video
game. This is an example of a: a) Post-test only study b) Pre/Post-test study -
ANSWERS Post-test only study
You want to know how different energy drinks affect driving ability. You assign
each subject to one energy drink group—Red Bull, Monster, or 5-hour energy. You
rate their driving ability in a video game. Then they drink their energy drink. 30
minutes later, you rate their driving ability in a video game again. This is an
example of a: a) Post-test only study b) Pre/Post-test study - ANSWERS
Pre/Post-test only
You want to know how Red Bull affects driving ability. You rate their driving ability
in a video game. Then they drink a Red Bull. 30 minutes later, you rate their
driving ability in a video game again and you find that they got better. You can
conclude that Red Bull improves driving performance. a) True b) False -
ANSWERS False
