Chamberlain NR 601 Final Exam: Maturing & Aged Family 2026
Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is considered an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living
(IADL)?
A. Managing finances
B. Bathing
C. Dressing
D. Feeding oneself
Answer: A
Rationale: IADLs are more complex tasks necessary for living independently in the
community, such as managing finances, shopping, or using a telephone. Bathing, dressing,
and feeding are basic ADLs.
2. According to the Beers Criteria, which medication should be avoided in older
adults due to high risk of anticholinergic effects?
A. Metformin
B. Lisinopril
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Atorvastatin
Answer: C
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine with strong
anticholinergic properties, increasing risks of confusion, dry mouth, and falls in the elderly.
,3. Which HbA1c target is generally recommended for a frail older adult with
multiple chronic conditions and limited life expectancy?
A. Less than 6.5%
B. Less than 7.0%
C. 8.0% to 9.0%
D. 7.5% to 8.0%
Answer: D
Rationale: For frail elderly patients, the risks of hypoglycemia often outweigh the benefits
of tight glycemic control. A target of 7.5% to 8.0% is typically recommended.
4. What is the primary characteristic of Delirium that distinguishes it from
Dementia?
A. Gradual onset over years
B. Irreversible memory loss
C. Normal level of consciousness
D. Acute change in mental status and fluctuating course
Answer: D
Rationale: Delirium is characterized by an acute onset, fluctuating course, and
disturbances in attention and consciousness, whereas dementia is gradual and progressive.
5. Which Medicare part covers outpatient prescription drugs?
A. Part A
B. Part B
C. Part C
D. Part D
Answer: D
Rationale: Medicare Part D is the optional program that provides coverage for prescription
drugs.
, 6. A 75-year-old patient presents with a T-score of -2.6 on a DXA scan. This
result indicates:
A. Normal bone density
B. Osteoporosis
C. Osteopenia
D. Osteoarthritis
Answer: B
Rationale: A T-score of -2.5 or lower is the diagnostic threshold for osteoporosis according
to the WHO.
7. Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for an
older adult with newly diagnosed mild persistent COPD?
A. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) monotherapy
B. Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) as needed
C. Long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)
D. Oral Prednisone
Answer: C
Rationale: LAMAs or LABAs are preferred first-line maintenance therapies for COPD. ICS
monotherapy is not recommended for COPD.
8. A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) should
typically be prescribed which class of medication to improve survival?
A. Calcium channel blockers
B. NSAIDs
C. Loop diuretics
D. ACE inhibitors or ARBs
Answer: D
Rationale: ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and Beta-blockers are foundational treatments for HFrEF
as they reduce mortality and morbidity.
Chamberlain
1. Which of the following is considered an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living
(IADL)?
A. Managing finances
B. Bathing
C. Dressing
D. Feeding oneself
Answer: A
Rationale: IADLs are more complex tasks necessary for living independently in the
community, such as managing finances, shopping, or using a telephone. Bathing, dressing,
and feeding are basic ADLs.
2. According to the Beers Criteria, which medication should be avoided in older
adults due to high risk of anticholinergic effects?
A. Metformin
B. Lisinopril
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Atorvastatin
Answer: C
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is a first-generation antihistamine with strong
anticholinergic properties, increasing risks of confusion, dry mouth, and falls in the elderly.
,3. Which HbA1c target is generally recommended for a frail older adult with
multiple chronic conditions and limited life expectancy?
A. Less than 6.5%
B. Less than 7.0%
C. 8.0% to 9.0%
D. 7.5% to 8.0%
Answer: D
Rationale: For frail elderly patients, the risks of hypoglycemia often outweigh the benefits
of tight glycemic control. A target of 7.5% to 8.0% is typically recommended.
4. What is the primary characteristic of Delirium that distinguishes it from
Dementia?
A. Gradual onset over years
B. Irreversible memory loss
C. Normal level of consciousness
D. Acute change in mental status and fluctuating course
Answer: D
Rationale: Delirium is characterized by an acute onset, fluctuating course, and
disturbances in attention and consciousness, whereas dementia is gradual and progressive.
5. Which Medicare part covers outpatient prescription drugs?
A. Part A
B. Part B
C. Part C
D. Part D
Answer: D
Rationale: Medicare Part D is the optional program that provides coverage for prescription
drugs.
, 6. A 75-year-old patient presents with a T-score of -2.6 on a DXA scan. This
result indicates:
A. Normal bone density
B. Osteoporosis
C. Osteopenia
D. Osteoarthritis
Answer: B
Rationale: A T-score of -2.5 or lower is the diagnostic threshold for osteoporosis according
to the WHO.
7. Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for an
older adult with newly diagnosed mild persistent COPD?
A. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) monotherapy
B. Short-acting beta-agonist (SABA) as needed
C. Long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)
D. Oral Prednisone
Answer: C
Rationale: LAMAs or LABAs are preferred first-line maintenance therapies for COPD. ICS
monotherapy is not recommended for COPD.
8. A patient with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) should
typically be prescribed which class of medication to improve survival?
A. Calcium channel blockers
B. NSAIDs
C. Loop diuretics
D. ACE inhibitors or ARBs
Answer: D
Rationale: ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and Beta-blockers are foundational treatments for HFrEF
as they reduce mortality and morbidity.
