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LSUE Biology 1001 Final Exam 2026/2027 | Actual
Exam with Complete Questions and Answers
LSUE Biology 1001 Final Exam
Louisiana State University Eunice
Academic Year: 2025/2026
Format: 100 Multiple Choice Questions
Section 1: Cellular & Molecular Biology (Questions 1-22)
1. Which of the following statements regarding prokaryotes is false?
A) Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles
B) Prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission
C) Prokaryotic chromosomes are more complex than those of eukaryotes
D) Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: Prokaryotic chromosomes are actually simpler than eukaryotic chromosomes. They
consist of a single circular DNA molecule without histones, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes
are linear, multiple, and complexed with histone proteins .
2. At the start of mitotic anaphase,
A) chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate
B) the centromeres of each chromosome come apart
C) the nuclear envelope reforms
D) the mitotic spindle begins to form
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Anaphase begins when the cohesin proteins holding sister chromatids together are
cleaved, allowing the centromeres to separate. The sister chromatids are then pulled to
opposite poles by spindle microtubules .
,2
3. The creation of genetically identical offspring by a single parent, without the participation
of a sperm and egg, is called
A) sexual reproduction
B) asexual reproduction
C) binary fission
D) budding
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Asexual reproduction involves a single parent producing offspring that are
genetically identical to itself. This occurs through processes like mitosis, binary fission, and
budding, without the fusion of gametes .
4. Which of the following is a feature of plant cell division that distinguishes it from animal
cell division?
A) formation of a cell plate
B) formation of a cleavage furrow
C) lack of cytokinesis
D) production of four (rather than two) new cells per mitotic division
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ A
Rationale: Plant cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis, which develops into the new cell wall.
Animal cells undergo cytokinesis by forming a cleavage furrow. This difference exists because
plant cells have rigid cell walls .
5. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and duplication of
chromosomes?
A) mitosis
B) cytokinesis
C) interphase
D) anaphase
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle and consists of G1 (cell growth), S
(DNA replication), and G2 (preparation for mitosis). During interphase, chromosomes are
duplicated and the cell grows .
,3
6. Which of the following is probably the main factor responsible for the phenomenon of
density-dependent inhibition?
A) release of growth hormones
B) nutrient depletion in the culture medium
C) physical contact of cell-surface proteins between adjacent cells
D) accumulation of waste products
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: Density-dependent inhibition occurs when cells stop dividing once they form a single
layer. This is triggered by physical contact between cell-surface proteins on adjacent cells,
signaling that space is limited .
7. The monomers of DNA and RNA are
A) monosaccharides
B) nucleotides
C) fatty acids
D) amino acids
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide consists of a
sugar (deoxyribose in DNA, ribose in RNA), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base .
8. Which of the following takes place during translation?
A) the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of
proteins
B) the conversion of genetic information from DNA nucleotides into RNA nucleotides
C) DNA replication
D) mRNA splicing
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ A
Rationale: Translation is the process in which the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded by
ribosomes to produce a specific polypeptide chain (protein). This converts the nucleic acid
"language" into the protein "language" .
9. The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is called
A) translation
B) transcription
, 4
C) replication
D) transformation
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. This is the
first step in gene expression, where the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger
RNA (mRNA) .
10. According to the base-pairing rules, which of the following is correct for double-stranded
DNA?
A) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is
equal to the amount of cytosine
B) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of uracil, and the amount of guanine is equal
to the amount of cytosine
C) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine, and the amount of thymine is
equal to the amount of cytosine
D) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of cytosine, and the amount of guanine is
equal to the amount of thymine
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ A
Rationale: Chargaff's rules state that in double-stranded DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine
(T) and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Therefore, A = T and G = C. RNA contains uracil
instead of thymine .
11. The directions for each amino acid in a polypeptide are indicated by a codon that consists
of _____ nucleotide(s) in a RNA molecule.
A) 5
B) 4
C) 3
D) 2
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino
acid. This triplet code provides 64 possible combinations, which is sufficient to code for the 20
standard amino acids .
LSUE Biology 1001 Final Exam 2026/2027 | Actual
Exam with Complete Questions and Answers
LSUE Biology 1001 Final Exam
Louisiana State University Eunice
Academic Year: 2025/2026
Format: 100 Multiple Choice Questions
Section 1: Cellular & Molecular Biology (Questions 1-22)
1. Which of the following statements regarding prokaryotes is false?
A) Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles
B) Prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission
C) Prokaryotic chromosomes are more complex than those of eukaryotes
D) Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: Prokaryotic chromosomes are actually simpler than eukaryotic chromosomes. They
consist of a single circular DNA molecule without histones, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes
are linear, multiple, and complexed with histone proteins .
2. At the start of mitotic anaphase,
A) chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate
B) the centromeres of each chromosome come apart
C) the nuclear envelope reforms
D) the mitotic spindle begins to form
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Anaphase begins when the cohesin proteins holding sister chromatids together are
cleaved, allowing the centromeres to separate. The sister chromatids are then pulled to
opposite poles by spindle microtubules .
,2
3. The creation of genetically identical offspring by a single parent, without the participation
of a sperm and egg, is called
A) sexual reproduction
B) asexual reproduction
C) binary fission
D) budding
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Asexual reproduction involves a single parent producing offspring that are
genetically identical to itself. This occurs through processes like mitosis, binary fission, and
budding, without the fusion of gametes .
4. Which of the following is a feature of plant cell division that distinguishes it from animal
cell division?
A) formation of a cell plate
B) formation of a cleavage furrow
C) lack of cytokinesis
D) production of four (rather than two) new cells per mitotic division
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ A
Rationale: Plant cells form a cell plate during cytokinesis, which develops into the new cell wall.
Animal cells undergo cytokinesis by forming a cleavage furrow. This difference exists because
plant cells have rigid cell walls .
5. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and duplication of
chromosomes?
A) mitosis
B) cytokinesis
C) interphase
D) anaphase
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle and consists of G1 (cell growth), S
(DNA replication), and G2 (preparation for mitosis). During interphase, chromosomes are
duplicated and the cell grows .
,3
6. Which of the following is probably the main factor responsible for the phenomenon of
density-dependent inhibition?
A) release of growth hormones
B) nutrient depletion in the culture medium
C) physical contact of cell-surface proteins between adjacent cells
D) accumulation of waste products
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: Density-dependent inhibition occurs when cells stop dividing once they form a single
layer. This is triggered by physical contact between cell-surface proteins on adjacent cells,
signaling that space is limited .
7. The monomers of DNA and RNA are
A) monosaccharides
B) nucleotides
C) fatty acids
D) amino acids
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide consists of a
sugar (deoxyribose in DNA, ribose in RNA), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base .
8. Which of the following takes place during translation?
A) the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of
proteins
B) the conversion of genetic information from DNA nucleotides into RNA nucleotides
C) DNA replication
D) mRNA splicing
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ A
Rationale: Translation is the process in which the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded by
ribosomes to produce a specific polypeptide chain (protein). This converts the nucleic acid
"language" into the protein "language" .
9. The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is called
A) translation
B) transcription
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C) replication
D) transformation
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ B
Rationale: Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. This is the
first step in gene expression, where the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger
RNA (mRNA) .
10. According to the base-pairing rules, which of the following is correct for double-stranded
DNA?
A) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is
equal to the amount of cytosine
B) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of uracil, and the amount of guanine is equal
to the amount of cytosine
C) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine, and the amount of thymine is
equal to the amount of cytosine
D) the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of cytosine, and the amount of guanine is
equal to the amount of thymine
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ A
Rationale: Chargaff's rules state that in double-stranded DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine
(T) and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). Therefore, A = T and G = C. RNA contains uracil
instead of thymine .
11. The directions for each amino acid in a polypeptide are indicated by a codon that consists
of _____ nucleotide(s) in a RNA molecule.
A) 5
B) 4
C) 3
D) 2
✔✔ Correct Answer ✔✔ C
Rationale: A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino
acid. This triplet code provides 64 possible combinations, which is sufficient to code for the 20
standard amino acids .
