NUR 298 EXAM 2 TEST FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXPERT
VERIFIED /ALREADY GRADED A+
1. What are modifiable factors for heart
disease? lifestyle diet
smoking alcohol
HTN (have pts take BP to see if they
have it periodically) obesity
exercise
metabolic syndrome
age gender genetics
2. What are the criteria for metabolic syndrome? High BP
abdominal weight gains elevated triglycerides (>150) low HDL cholesterol.
Pt needs 3/5 to qualify.
3. What is a normal amount of suction for a chest tube? What type
of liquid should you use? -20 sonimeters
-Sterile Water (NEVER NS)
4. Where should the collection system be placed? Below the pt. or else the drainage
could go back into the chest
5. Is air normal in a water seal chamber for a pneumothorax? Yes, it will
lessen as the pneumothorax is resolved
6. What could happen if there is an air leak? What will the patient
exhibit? Pt will not be able to take a deep breath
HR will increase
- due to air/fluid build-up
,7. What should you do if there is an air leak and you can't find the air leak
in the system? Take the dressing off, and make sure the tube is still in the chest, and get a chest x-ray. If
you take the dressing off and it is not in the right place you will feel subq emphysema.
8. What is tidaling for a pt with a chest tube? Why does it occur? As pt
takes a deep breath, the water in the seal chamber will rise, after they breathe out, it will go down. It is a
reflection of the pressure in the pleural space.
9. What should you do if a chest tube falls out? Cover with sterile dressing and tape 3
sides
10. Chest tube interventions: -drainage system upright and below chest level.
-incentive spirometry and deep breathing
-Never clamp the chest tube unless ordered (can cause tension pneumothorax).
-Monitor for subcutaneous emphysema (air under the skin - feels like "Rice Krispies").
-Document drainage color, amount, and any changes.
-avoid lying on the affected side
11. What should you know about DNRs? You cannot assume someone is DNR because
they want to be. You have to have the legal, signed document in place.
-If there is a disagreement between family members, reach out to charge nurse, nurse supervisor, healthcare
providers to figure it out
12. What is a thoracentesis? surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
Fluid causes you to not breathe well.
13. Why would you do a thoracentesis over a chest tube? Ex1: If a pt has cancer in
, the chest cavity, fluid builds up for weeks/months in the pleural space, it makes more sense just to drain it
now and then, and prevents infection, and they don't have to have a chest tube around all the time.
Ex2: If a pt has a bad case of pneumonia, and they have a lot of serous fluid from inflammation so we just want
to drain it.
14. How do you position a pt for a thoracentesis? Why? Pt will be leaning forward
over a
table, with their hands on the table. It makes the space between the ribs larger. We insert the needle as far
down as we can cause fluid sits in the bottom.
-Use lidocaine to deaden the area, so it doesn't hurt. But the pressure is still uncomfortable, so make sure to
comfort them
15. What is the risk of a thoracentesis?: Puncturing the lung, causing an air leak, air will travel
to the
highest point. After the procedure get an x-ray to see if this occurred.
-If so, keep them overnight and the small pneumothorax should've resolved by morning.
16. thoracentesis nursing considerations: - informed consent needed
- local anesthetic (pt. is awake during procedure)
- inform patient they will feel pressure when large-bore needle is inserted
- Will remove 1000-1200 mL of fluid at one time
- Monitor vitals, pulse ox, and observe for respiratory distress.
- post-procedure Chest xray
- put pressure on insertion site post-procedure
- send fluid to lab
17. What is the number one sign of pulmonary edema? Coughing up pink-
tinged frothy sputum
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS EXPERT
VERIFIED /ALREADY GRADED A+
1. What are modifiable factors for heart
disease? lifestyle diet
smoking alcohol
HTN (have pts take BP to see if they
have it periodically) obesity
exercise
metabolic syndrome
age gender genetics
2. What are the criteria for metabolic syndrome? High BP
abdominal weight gains elevated triglycerides (>150) low HDL cholesterol.
Pt needs 3/5 to qualify.
3. What is a normal amount of suction for a chest tube? What type
of liquid should you use? -20 sonimeters
-Sterile Water (NEVER NS)
4. Where should the collection system be placed? Below the pt. or else the drainage
could go back into the chest
5. Is air normal in a water seal chamber for a pneumothorax? Yes, it will
lessen as the pneumothorax is resolved
6. What could happen if there is an air leak? What will the patient
exhibit? Pt will not be able to take a deep breath
HR will increase
- due to air/fluid build-up
,7. What should you do if there is an air leak and you can't find the air leak
in the system? Take the dressing off, and make sure the tube is still in the chest, and get a chest x-ray. If
you take the dressing off and it is not in the right place you will feel subq emphysema.
8. What is tidaling for a pt with a chest tube? Why does it occur? As pt
takes a deep breath, the water in the seal chamber will rise, after they breathe out, it will go down. It is a
reflection of the pressure in the pleural space.
9. What should you do if a chest tube falls out? Cover with sterile dressing and tape 3
sides
10. Chest tube interventions: -drainage system upright and below chest level.
-incentive spirometry and deep breathing
-Never clamp the chest tube unless ordered (can cause tension pneumothorax).
-Monitor for subcutaneous emphysema (air under the skin - feels like "Rice Krispies").
-Document drainage color, amount, and any changes.
-avoid lying on the affected side
11. What should you know about DNRs? You cannot assume someone is DNR because
they want to be. You have to have the legal, signed document in place.
-If there is a disagreement between family members, reach out to charge nurse, nurse supervisor, healthcare
providers to figure it out
12. What is a thoracentesis? surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
Fluid causes you to not breathe well.
13. Why would you do a thoracentesis over a chest tube? Ex1: If a pt has cancer in
, the chest cavity, fluid builds up for weeks/months in the pleural space, it makes more sense just to drain it
now and then, and prevents infection, and they don't have to have a chest tube around all the time.
Ex2: If a pt has a bad case of pneumonia, and they have a lot of serous fluid from inflammation so we just want
to drain it.
14. How do you position a pt for a thoracentesis? Why? Pt will be leaning forward
over a
table, with their hands on the table. It makes the space between the ribs larger. We insert the needle as far
down as we can cause fluid sits in the bottom.
-Use lidocaine to deaden the area, so it doesn't hurt. But the pressure is still uncomfortable, so make sure to
comfort them
15. What is the risk of a thoracentesis?: Puncturing the lung, causing an air leak, air will travel
to the
highest point. After the procedure get an x-ray to see if this occurred.
-If so, keep them overnight and the small pneumothorax should've resolved by morning.
16. thoracentesis nursing considerations: - informed consent needed
- local anesthetic (pt. is awake during procedure)
- inform patient they will feel pressure when large-bore needle is inserted
- Will remove 1000-1200 mL of fluid at one time
- Monitor vitals, pulse ox, and observe for respiratory distress.
- post-procedure Chest xray
- put pressure on insertion site post-procedure
- send fluid to lab
17. What is the number one sign of pulmonary edema? Coughing up pink-
tinged frothy sputum
