GALEN NSG 3130 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS II EXAM 1
2026/2027 | 86 Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationales | Latest Prep Guide | Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
Domain 1: Safety & Infection Control (12 Questions)
Q1: A 68-year-old patient with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection is admitted to a
medical-surgical unit. The nurse is preparing to administer oral vancomycin and provide
patient care. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) sequence and precautions are
most appropriate for this patient?
A. Standard precautions only; hand hygiene with alcohol-based sanitizer before and
after patient contact
B. Contact precautions; gown and gloves required; perform hand hygiene with soap and
water before donning PPE and after removing PPE
C. Droplet precautions; surgical mask and gloves required; alcohol-based hand sanitizer
acceptable for hand hygiene
D. Airborne precautions; N95 respirator, gown, and gloves required; negative pressure
room necessary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: C. difficile requires Contact precautions because it is transmitted via the
fecal-oral route through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or hands. [CORRECT]
The correct PPE includes gown and gloves to prevent transmission via contaminated
surfaces or equipment. Hand hygiene MUST be performed with soap and water rather
,than alcohol-based sanitizer because C. difficile spores are resistant to alcohol. The
sequence is: hand hygiene with soap and water → don gown → don gloves → provide
care → remove gloves → remove gown → hand hygiene with soap and water.
Why other options are incorrect:
● A: Standard precautions are insufficient for C. difficile; alcohol-based sanitizer
does not kill C. difficile spores, making this a safety violation.
● C: Droplet precautions are inappropriate; C. difficile is not transmitted via
respiratory droplets. Surgical masks are unnecessary.
● D: Airborne precautions are incorrect; C. difficile is not airborne. N95 respirators
and negative pressure rooms are unnecessary and resource-wasting.
Q2: A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter for a patient with a history of
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization in the nares. The
patient has no active infection. Which nursing action demonstrates appropriate
infection control practices?
A. Place the patient in Contact precautions with gown and gloves for catheter insertion
only
B. Maintain Standard precautions; perform hand hygiene and use sterile technique for
catheter insertion
C. Implement Droplet precautions with mask and eye protection during the procedure
D. Place the patient in a private room with Airborne precautions until catheter insertion
is complete
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale: MRSA colonization without active infection requires only Standard
precautions for routine care. [CORRECT] The nurse must perform hand hygiene and use
sterile technique for urinary catheter insertion, which is required for ALL patients
regardless of colonization status. Colonization does not require transmission-based
precautions unless there is active infection with wound drainage or other transmission
risk factors.
Why other options are incorrect:
● A: Contact precautions are unnecessary for colonization alone; this represents
inappropriate over-precaution and resource waste.
● C: Droplet precautions are inappropriate; MRSA is not transmitted via respiratory
droplets during catheter insertion.
● D: Airborne precautions are completely inappropriate; MRSA is not airborne, and
this action reflects a fundamental misunderstanding of transmission routes.
Q3: During morning assessment, a nurse discovers that a confused elderly patient has
removed their sequential compression device (SCD) and is attempting to get out of bed
unassisted. The bed alarm is sounding. What is the nurse's first priority action?
A. Document the incident and notify the healthcare provider of the patient's confusion
B. Reapply the SCD and activate all bed alarms to prevent future falls
C. Ensure patient safety by assisting the patient back to bed and assessing for injury
D. Administer PRN sedative medication to prevent further confusion and wandering
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Patient safety is the immediate priority. [CORRECT] The nurse must first
ensure the patient is safe by preventing a fall, assessing for any injury that may have
occurred, and assisting the patient back to bed. This follows the nursing process priority
of addressing immediate physiological safety needs before implementing preventive
measures or documentation. A confused patient attempting to ambulate unassisted is
at high risk for falls and injury.
Why other options are incorrect:
● A: Documentation is important but not the first priority; immediate safety
concerns take precedence over paperwork.
● B: While reapplying SCD is important, it is secondary to ensuring the patient is
not injured and is safely in bed; this option skips the critical safety assessment.
● D: Administering sedatives without assessment is inappropriate and potentially
harmful; chemical restraints require specific indications and orders, and this does
not address immediate safety.
Q4: A nurse is caring for a patient who requires wrist restraints due to repeated
attempts to pull out their central line. The provider has ordered restraints as needed.
Which nursing action demonstrates appropriate restraint use and patient safety?
A. Apply the restraints snugly to prevent any movement and check the patient every 4
hours
B. Secure restraints using a quick-release knot, ensure two fingers fit between restraint
and wrist, and assess circulation every 2 hours
C. Apply restraints to both wrists and ankles to completely immobilize the patient and
prevent any line removal
D. Remove restraints only when family members are present to observe the patient
2026/2027 | 86 Questions and Correct Answers with
Rationales | Latest Prep Guide | Pass Guaranteed - A+
Graded
Domain 1: Safety & Infection Control (12 Questions)
Q1: A 68-year-old patient with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) infection is admitted to a
medical-surgical unit. The nurse is preparing to administer oral vancomycin and provide
patient care. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) sequence and precautions are
most appropriate for this patient?
A. Standard precautions only; hand hygiene with alcohol-based sanitizer before and
after patient contact
B. Contact precautions; gown and gloves required; perform hand hygiene with soap and
water before donning PPE and after removing PPE
C. Droplet precautions; surgical mask and gloves required; alcohol-based hand sanitizer
acceptable for hand hygiene
D. Airborne precautions; N95 respirator, gown, and gloves required; negative pressure
room necessary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: C. difficile requires Contact precautions because it is transmitted via the
fecal-oral route through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or hands. [CORRECT]
The correct PPE includes gown and gloves to prevent transmission via contaminated
surfaces or equipment. Hand hygiene MUST be performed with soap and water rather
,than alcohol-based sanitizer because C. difficile spores are resistant to alcohol. The
sequence is: hand hygiene with soap and water → don gown → don gloves → provide
care → remove gloves → remove gown → hand hygiene with soap and water.
Why other options are incorrect:
● A: Standard precautions are insufficient for C. difficile; alcohol-based sanitizer
does not kill C. difficile spores, making this a safety violation.
● C: Droplet precautions are inappropriate; C. difficile is not transmitted via
respiratory droplets. Surgical masks are unnecessary.
● D: Airborne precautions are incorrect; C. difficile is not airborne. N95 respirators
and negative pressure rooms are unnecessary and resource-wasting.
Q2: A nurse is preparing to insert a urinary catheter for a patient with a history of
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization in the nares. The
patient has no active infection. Which nursing action demonstrates appropriate
infection control practices?
A. Place the patient in Contact precautions with gown and gloves for catheter insertion
only
B. Maintain Standard precautions; perform hand hygiene and use sterile technique for
catheter insertion
C. Implement Droplet precautions with mask and eye protection during the procedure
D. Place the patient in a private room with Airborne precautions until catheter insertion
is complete
Correct Answer: B
,Rationale: MRSA colonization without active infection requires only Standard
precautions for routine care. [CORRECT] The nurse must perform hand hygiene and use
sterile technique for urinary catheter insertion, which is required for ALL patients
regardless of colonization status. Colonization does not require transmission-based
precautions unless there is active infection with wound drainage or other transmission
risk factors.
Why other options are incorrect:
● A: Contact precautions are unnecessary for colonization alone; this represents
inappropriate over-precaution and resource waste.
● C: Droplet precautions are inappropriate; MRSA is not transmitted via respiratory
droplets during catheter insertion.
● D: Airborne precautions are completely inappropriate; MRSA is not airborne, and
this action reflects a fundamental misunderstanding of transmission routes.
Q3: During morning assessment, a nurse discovers that a confused elderly patient has
removed their sequential compression device (SCD) and is attempting to get out of bed
unassisted. The bed alarm is sounding. What is the nurse's first priority action?
A. Document the incident and notify the healthcare provider of the patient's confusion
B. Reapply the SCD and activate all bed alarms to prevent future falls
C. Ensure patient safety by assisting the patient back to bed and assessing for injury
D. Administer PRN sedative medication to prevent further confusion and wandering
Correct Answer: C
, Rationale: Patient safety is the immediate priority. [CORRECT] The nurse must first
ensure the patient is safe by preventing a fall, assessing for any injury that may have
occurred, and assisting the patient back to bed. This follows the nursing process priority
of addressing immediate physiological safety needs before implementing preventive
measures or documentation. A confused patient attempting to ambulate unassisted is
at high risk for falls and injury.
Why other options are incorrect:
● A: Documentation is important but not the first priority; immediate safety
concerns take precedence over paperwork.
● B: While reapplying SCD is important, it is secondary to ensuring the patient is
not injured and is safely in bed; this option skips the critical safety assessment.
● D: Administering sedatives without assessment is inappropriate and potentially
harmful; chemical restraints require specific indications and orders, and this does
not address immediate safety.
Q4: A nurse is caring for a patient who requires wrist restraints due to repeated
attempts to pull out their central line. The provider has ordered restraints as needed.
Which nursing action demonstrates appropriate restraint use and patient safety?
A. Apply the restraints snugly to prevent any movement and check the patient every 4
hours
B. Secure restraints using a quick-release knot, ensure two fingers fit between restraint
and wrist, and assess circulation every 2 hours
C. Apply restraints to both wrists and ankles to completely immobilize the patient and
prevent any line removal
D. Remove restraints only when family members are present to observe the patient
