ISSA PERSONAL TRAINING FINAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
PASS 2026/2027
The heart and blood vessels are the components of which human organ system? - ANS The
circulatory system
Blood vessels are compromised of which type of muscle tissue? - ANS Smooth muscle
Which blood vessels carry blood away from heart? - ANS Arteries
Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body? - ANS Right atrium
During the cardiac cycle, what is the name of the contraction phase of the heartbeat? -
ANS Systole
During exercise, which organ system regulates fluid volume and pressure in body tissues? -
ANS The lymphatic system
What is the process of external respiration? - ANS The exchange of gases between the lungs
and blood in the lungs
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Which endocrine hormone promotes the breakdown of protein in muscle cells? -
ANS Cortisol
Which of the following is an effect of long-term cortisol elevation in the body? -
ANS Increases appetite
Which component of the digestive system performs both mechanical digestion and chemical
digestion? - ANS The mouth
What is the definition of behavior? - ANS An action that can be observed, measured, and
modified
What stage of change is someone in if they are engaging in a new behavior and have been for
less than 6 months? - ANS Action
What stage of change is someone in if they are in denial or ignorants to the fact that a change
may be necessary? - ANS Pre-contemplation
What type of motivation is driven by personal enjoyment and satisfaction? - ANS Intrinsic
motivation
Which psychological need in the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is described as the basic need
to feel in control of one's own behavior? - ANS Autonomy
Which of the following is an example of an open-ended question? - ANS "How did you first
notice that you were gaining weight?"
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, What type of goal is focused on the necessary steps to achieve it? - ANS Process goal
What does the "A" in SMART goal stand for? - ANS Achievable
What type of goal is open to interpretation by the client as opposed to being supported by
measurable data? - ANS A subjective goal
When communicating with clients, what type of communication must be constructive and
effective to improve competence? - ANS Feedback
Which human organ systems are responsible for human movement? - ANS The nervous
system, muscular system and skeletal system
Which classification of neurons initiate muscle contraction and activate glands? - ANS Motor
neurons
What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS) responsible for? - ANS Conveying motor
commands, carrying sensory information to CNS, and regulating involuntary functions
Where in the brain does most information processing occur? - ANS Cerebral cortex
Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body? - ANS Skeletal muscle
Which type of muscle fiber derives its energy primarily from aerobic energy pathways? -
ANS Type I muscle fibers
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
PASS 2026/2027
The heart and blood vessels are the components of which human organ system? - ANS The
circulatory system
Blood vessels are compromised of which type of muscle tissue? - ANS Smooth muscle
Which blood vessels carry blood away from heart? - ANS Arteries
Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the body? - ANS Right atrium
During the cardiac cycle, what is the name of the contraction phase of the heartbeat? -
ANS Systole
During exercise, which organ system regulates fluid volume and pressure in body tissues? -
ANS The lymphatic system
What is the process of external respiration? - ANS The exchange of gases between the lungs
and blood in the lungs
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Which endocrine hormone promotes the breakdown of protein in muscle cells? -
ANS Cortisol
Which of the following is an effect of long-term cortisol elevation in the body? -
ANS Increases appetite
Which component of the digestive system performs both mechanical digestion and chemical
digestion? - ANS The mouth
What is the definition of behavior? - ANS An action that can be observed, measured, and
modified
What stage of change is someone in if they are engaging in a new behavior and have been for
less than 6 months? - ANS Action
What stage of change is someone in if they are in denial or ignorants to the fact that a change
may be necessary? - ANS Pre-contemplation
What type of motivation is driven by personal enjoyment and satisfaction? - ANS Intrinsic
motivation
Which psychological need in the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is described as the basic need
to feel in control of one's own behavior? - ANS Autonomy
Which of the following is an example of an open-ended question? - ANS "How did you first
notice that you were gaining weight?"
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, What type of goal is focused on the necessary steps to achieve it? - ANS Process goal
What does the "A" in SMART goal stand for? - ANS Achievable
What type of goal is open to interpretation by the client as opposed to being supported by
measurable data? - ANS A subjective goal
When communicating with clients, what type of communication must be constructive and
effective to improve competence? - ANS Feedback
Which human organ systems are responsible for human movement? - ANS The nervous
system, muscular system and skeletal system
Which classification of neurons initiate muscle contraction and activate glands? - ANS Motor
neurons
What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS) responsible for? - ANS Conveying motor
commands, carrying sensory information to CNS, and regulating involuntary functions
Where in the brain does most information processing occur? - ANS Cerebral cortex
Which type of muscle is the most common in the human body? - ANS Skeletal muscle
Which type of muscle fiber derives its energy primarily from aerobic energy pathways? -
ANS Type I muscle fibers
2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
