WGU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY D236
MIDTERM EXAM COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS Q&A 100% A GRADE
Describe how your body responds to an infection. Correct ans - T cells produce cytokines,
which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. Correct ans - Mutations in genes
or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? Correct ans - Alterations of
DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. Correct
ans - (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS Correct ans - Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
, DKA Correct ans - increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis Correct ans - retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? Correct ans - Potassium
West Nile Virus Correct ans - Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.
Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease Correct ans - Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum Correct ans - a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed
by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. Correct ans - Spina
bifida
Trousseau's sign Correct ans - arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida Correct ans - results from failure of neural tube to
close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back. hemophilia is more common in Correct ans
- males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes Correct ans - ND-PAE, decreased brain function,
FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders Correct ans - Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus Correct ans - Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and
butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis Correct ans - It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies
attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day,
along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis Correct ans - inflammation of the skin
eczema Correct ans - noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer Correct ans - sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
MIDTERM EXAM COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS Q&A 100% A GRADE
Describe how your body responds to an infection. Correct ans - T cells produce cytokines,
which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. Correct ans - Mutations in genes
or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? Correct ans - Alterations of
DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect wellbeing. Correct
ans - (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS Correct ans - Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II > vasoconstriction > release
aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and water > Result less water lost in urine and blood
pressure maintained.
, DKA Correct ans - increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis Correct ans - retain H and excrete HCO3
Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? Correct ans - Potassium
West Nile Virus Correct ans - Transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito.
Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff neck
Lyme disease Correct ans - Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum Correct ans - a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed
by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. Correct ans - Spina
bifida
Trousseau's sign Correct ans - arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida Correct ans - results from failure of neural tube to
close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back. hemophilia is more common in Correct ans
- males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes Correct ans - ND-PAE, decreased brain function,
FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders Correct ans - Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus Correct ans - Inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and
butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis Correct ans - It is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies
attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the course of the day,
along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis Correct ans - inflammation of the skin
eczema Correct ans - noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness,
blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer Correct ans - sore caused by lying down for long periods of time
