PAT 201 PRACTICE TEST 2026 UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ What is Allostatic Load caused by? Answer: Caused by repeated
activation of multiple physiologic systems over time in response to
environmental demands in an effort to maintain internal
equilibrium
◉ Allostatic Load CAN cause . . . Answer: Has the potential to tax the
body and brain and lead to the emergence of diseases and disorder
◉ Allostatic Load is "exposure to frequent stressors that cause..."
Answer: - Repeated physiologic arousal
- Lack of adaptation to stressors
- Inability to shut off the stress response
- A response that is not sufficient to deal with the stressor
◉ What Factors are Associated with High Allostatic Load Answer: -
Divorce
- Poverty
- Discrimination
- Racism
,- Marginalization
- Social Determinants of Health
◉ What is Inflammation? Answer: Natural, nonspecific response that
limits the spread of invading microorganisms or injury
◉ What can trigger Inflammation? Answer: - Many conditions
(physical trauma, burns, infection, hypersensitivity reactions, tissue
necrosis)
- Nonspecific as inflammation proceeds in same manner regardless
of cause
◉ Excessive Inflammation Symptoms Answer: Minor discomfort -
severe discomfort
- disabling pain
- fever
- changed in mobility
◉ Types of Immunity Answer: Innate (Non-Specific)
Adaptive (acquired) Immunity
◉ Innate Resistance Answer: Natural barriers and the inflammatory
response
,◉ Adaptive (acquired) Immunity Answer: A type of immunity that
develops when a person's immune system responds to a foreign
substance or microorganism (after infection or vaccination)
- develops through lifetime
◉ Lines of Defense Answer: First Line
Second Line
Third Line
◉ First Line Answer: Natural barriers: physical, mechanical and
biochemical
◉ Second Line: Inflammation Answer: Programmed to respond to
cellular or tissue damage
- occurs in tissues with blood supply
- rapidly initiated (within seconds)
- depends on activity of cellular and chemical components
- nonspecific
◉ Signs of Inflammatory Response Answer: - Erythema (redness)
- Heat
- Edema (swelling)
, - Pain
- Loss of function
◉ Vascular Response to Inflammation Answer: - Blood vessel
dilation
- Increased vascular permeability
- Leakage
◉ Cellular Response to Inflammation Answer: - WBC adherence to
inner walls of vessels
- Migration of WBC through vessels (diapedesis)
◉ Microbiome Answer: Body's surfaces are colonized with an array
of microorganisms
- everyone has unique microbiome, based on individual's
environment, diet, exposure to toxins and animals, etc.
- body surfaces/anatomic locations have their own specialized
microbiome
◉ Do Microbiomes normally cause Disease? Answer: No, they do
NOT normally cause disease under normal conditions BUT can cause
disease in immunocompromised people who lack usual defense
mechanisms
ACTUAL QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ What is Allostatic Load caused by? Answer: Caused by repeated
activation of multiple physiologic systems over time in response to
environmental demands in an effort to maintain internal
equilibrium
◉ Allostatic Load CAN cause . . . Answer: Has the potential to tax the
body and brain and lead to the emergence of diseases and disorder
◉ Allostatic Load is "exposure to frequent stressors that cause..."
Answer: - Repeated physiologic arousal
- Lack of adaptation to stressors
- Inability to shut off the stress response
- A response that is not sufficient to deal with the stressor
◉ What Factors are Associated with High Allostatic Load Answer: -
Divorce
- Poverty
- Discrimination
- Racism
,- Marginalization
- Social Determinants of Health
◉ What is Inflammation? Answer: Natural, nonspecific response that
limits the spread of invading microorganisms or injury
◉ What can trigger Inflammation? Answer: - Many conditions
(physical trauma, burns, infection, hypersensitivity reactions, tissue
necrosis)
- Nonspecific as inflammation proceeds in same manner regardless
of cause
◉ Excessive Inflammation Symptoms Answer: Minor discomfort -
severe discomfort
- disabling pain
- fever
- changed in mobility
◉ Types of Immunity Answer: Innate (Non-Specific)
Adaptive (acquired) Immunity
◉ Innate Resistance Answer: Natural barriers and the inflammatory
response
,◉ Adaptive (acquired) Immunity Answer: A type of immunity that
develops when a person's immune system responds to a foreign
substance or microorganism (after infection or vaccination)
- develops through lifetime
◉ Lines of Defense Answer: First Line
Second Line
Third Line
◉ First Line Answer: Natural barriers: physical, mechanical and
biochemical
◉ Second Line: Inflammation Answer: Programmed to respond to
cellular or tissue damage
- occurs in tissues with blood supply
- rapidly initiated (within seconds)
- depends on activity of cellular and chemical components
- nonspecific
◉ Signs of Inflammatory Response Answer: - Erythema (redness)
- Heat
- Edema (swelling)
, - Pain
- Loss of function
◉ Vascular Response to Inflammation Answer: - Blood vessel
dilation
- Increased vascular permeability
- Leakage
◉ Cellular Response to Inflammation Answer: - WBC adherence to
inner walls of vessels
- Migration of WBC through vessels (diapedesis)
◉ Microbiome Answer: Body's surfaces are colonized with an array
of microorganisms
- everyone has unique microbiome, based on individual's
environment, diet, exposure to toxins and animals, etc.
- body surfaces/anatomic locations have their own specialized
microbiome
◉ Do Microbiomes normally cause Disease? Answer: No, they do
NOT normally cause disease under normal conditions BUT can cause
disease in immunocompromised people who lack usual defense
mechanisms
