PORTH'S ESSENTIALS OF
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
5TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TOMMIE L. NORRIS
TEST BANK
1️⃣ Reference
Ch. 1️ — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health and Disease
in Populations
NCLEX-Level Question Stem
A nurse is teaching a group of adults at a community center.
One participant says, “If I am not sick, then I am healthy.” Which
assessment finding best supports a broader concept of health?
A. The client has not been hospitalized in 5 years.
B. The client manages a chronic condition, works full time, and
maintains supportive relationships.
,C. The client’s temperature is 98.6°F (37°C).
D. The client has no current infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct Answer: Health is more than the absence of
disease; it includes the ability to function, adapt, and
participate in daily life. A person with a chronic condition may
still demonstrate health if the condition is well managed and
the person remains socially and functionally engaged.
Incorrect Options:
A focuses on health care use, not overall health. C is a single
normal vital sign and does not define health. D describes the
absence of one infection, which is too narrow to represent
health.
Teaching Point: Health includes function, adaptation, and well-
being—not just the absence of symptoms.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2️⃣ Reference
Ch. 1️ — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health and Disease
in Populations
NCLEX-Level Question Stem
A client has no complaints, but routine screening reveals
,elevated fasting glucose and abnormal hemoglobin A1c. The
nurse recognizes this as evidence of which disease concept?
A. Subclinical disease
B. End-stage disease
C. Remission
D. Iatrogenic disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationales
Correct Answer: Subclinical disease is present before
obvious symptoms appear and may be detected by screening or
laboratory testing. This is why routine screening can identify
disease earlier in its course, before clinical manifestations
become apparent.
Incorrect Options:
B is too late in the disease course and would usually include
severe manifestations. C means symptoms have improved or
resolved, which is not the case here. D refers to disease caused
by medical treatment, not disease detected by screening.
Teaching Point: Screening can uncover disease before
symptoms develop.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
3️⃣ Reference
, Ch. 1️ — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health and Disease
in Populations
NCLEX-Level Question Stem
A neighborhood with limited grocery stores, unsafe sidewalks,
and unstable housing has a high rate of uncontrolled
hypertension. Which explanation best reflects the cause of this
pattern?
A. Genetic mutation in all affected residents
B. Social and environmental determinants of health
C. Random variation only
D. Normal aging alone
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct Answer: Social determinants of health include the
conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age.
These factors strongly influence access to healthy food, safe
activity, and health care, which can shape disease patterns in
populations.
Incorrect Options:
A is too narrow to explain a community-wide pattern. C ignores
the consistent environmental influences described in public
health. D may contribute to hypertension risk, but it does not
fully explain the clustering described.
Teaching Point: Population health is shaped by environment,
resources, and living conditions.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
5TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)TOMMIE L. NORRIS
TEST BANK
1️⃣ Reference
Ch. 1️ — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health and Disease
in Populations
NCLEX-Level Question Stem
A nurse is teaching a group of adults at a community center.
One participant says, “If I am not sick, then I am healthy.” Which
assessment finding best supports a broader concept of health?
A. The client has not been hospitalized in 5 years.
B. The client manages a chronic condition, works full time, and
maintains supportive relationships.
,C. The client’s temperature is 98.6°F (37°C).
D. The client has no current infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct Answer: Health is more than the absence of
disease; it includes the ability to function, adapt, and
participate in daily life. A person with a chronic condition may
still demonstrate health if the condition is well managed and
the person remains socially and functionally engaged.
Incorrect Options:
A focuses on health care use, not overall health. C is a single
normal vital sign and does not define health. D describes the
absence of one infection, which is too narrow to represent
health.
Teaching Point: Health includes function, adaptation, and well-
being—not just the absence of symptoms.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
2️⃣ Reference
Ch. 1️ — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health and Disease
in Populations
NCLEX-Level Question Stem
A client has no complaints, but routine screening reveals
,elevated fasting glucose and abnormal hemoglobin A1c. The
nurse recognizes this as evidence of which disease concept?
A. Subclinical disease
B. End-stage disease
C. Remission
D. Iatrogenic disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationales
Correct Answer: Subclinical disease is present before
obvious symptoms appear and may be detected by screening or
laboratory testing. This is why routine screening can identify
disease earlier in its course, before clinical manifestations
become apparent.
Incorrect Options:
B is too late in the disease course and would usually include
severe manifestations. C means symptoms have improved or
resolved, which is not the case here. D refers to disease caused
by medical treatment, not disease detected by screening.
Teaching Point: Screening can uncover disease before
symptoms develop.
Citation: Norris, T. L. (2019). Porth’s Essentials of
Pathophysiology (5th ed.). Ch. 1.
3️⃣ Reference
, Ch. 1️ — Concepts of Health and Disease — Health and Disease
in Populations
NCLEX-Level Question Stem
A neighborhood with limited grocery stores, unsafe sidewalks,
and unstable housing has a high rate of uncontrolled
hypertension. Which explanation best reflects the cause of this
pattern?
A. Genetic mutation in all affected residents
B. Social and environmental determinants of health
C. Random variation only
D. Normal aging alone
Correct Answer: B
Rationales
Correct Answer: Social determinants of health include the
conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age.
These factors strongly influence access to healthy food, safe
activity, and health care, which can shape disease patterns in
populations.
Incorrect Options:
A is too narrow to explain a community-wide pattern. C ignores
the consistent environmental influences described in public
health. D may contribute to hypertension risk, but it does not
fully explain the clustering described.
Teaching Point: Population health is shaped by environment,
resources, and living conditions.
