NREMT PARAMEDIC EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
Decerebrate (worse) - ANSWER --Stiffened and internally rotated elbows and legs, teeth
clenched, legs stiff and feet extended.
Babinski's response - ANSWER --dorsiflexion (splaying) of toes
-abnormal plantae reflex response if over 18 months
stridor - ANSWER --Harsh or high-pitched respiratory sound, swelling, fb in upper airway.
Croup is an example
Snoring - ANSWER --The sound of the soft tissue of the upper airway creating a partial
obstruction of air flow. The tongue blocking the airway is an example.
gurgling - ANSWER --indicates presence of fluid in the upper airway, need for suctioning
Decorticate - ANSWER --elbows and hands flexed, and legs flexed. They are internally
rotated (the lets look bowlegged) (make an O with their arms: corticate)
mydriasis - ANSWER --dilation of the pupil. Appears in cardiac arrest, shock, cerebral
hypoxia, cocaine, epinephrine, and amphetamines.
Miosis - ANSWER --Constricted pupils. Narcotics, CNS disorder, glaucoma medication,
bright light
,anisocoria - ANSWER --unequal pupil size that may indicate serious neurologic
dysfunction
nystagmus - ANSWER --involuntary rapid eye movements - often reported as horizontal,
vertical, or rotary
subcutaneous emphysema - ANSWER --Air under the skin; crepitus sound
rales (crackles) - ANSWER --Fluid in small airways (aveoli). Common in CHF, pulonary
edema, drowning, pneumonia, and COPD
Rhonchi - ANSWER --Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with chronic
mucus in the upper airways. Found in Bronchitus, COPD, and pneumonia.
Kussmaul respirations - ANSWER --very deep and rapid respirations. Example: DKA
Hyperresonant - ANSWER --tension pneumothorax, emphysema, asthma
resonant - ANSWER --echoing normal sound
right upper quadrant - ANSWER --Liver, gallbladder, and stomach
Right Lower Quadrant - ANSWER --Appendix, right ovary, and tube. Bladder if distended
Left Upper Quadrant - ANSWER --Spleen, stomach, liver, and pancreas
, left lower quadrant - ANSWER --Left ovary and tube. Bladder if distended
Visceral Pain - ANSWER --Internal organs damaged or injured. Vague, not well organized,
pressure like, or dull aching, can't point to pain with one finger. Hollow organs stretches,
ischemia, inflammation.
somatic pain - ANSWER --Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints.
Peritoneal linining sharp, localized, throbbing, deep breath increases pain
Cullen's sign - ANSWER --ecchymosis in umbilical area, seen with pancreatitis. aka
bleeding in abdominal cavity
Grey Turner's Sign (ecchymosis in flank area) - ANSWER --Chronic hemorrhagic from
kidneys and pancreatitis
Wheezing - ANSWER --The production of whistling sounds during expiration such as
occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis.
Bronchial lung sounds - ANSWER --heard over trachea/upper sternum; expiratory sound
predominates; is higher pitched and louder; if heard in other locations it indicates consolidation
-- a space that usually contains air now has fluid
Bronchovesicular - ANSWER --Heard over scapula and 2/3rd intercostal space lateral to
sternum.
Apneustic breathing - ANSWER --Characterized by prolonged inspirations unrelieved by
attempts to exhale, which indicates trauma to the pons. AKA long, deep breaths that are
stopped during inspirations then periods of apnea.
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
Decerebrate (worse) - ANSWER --Stiffened and internally rotated elbows and legs, teeth
clenched, legs stiff and feet extended.
Babinski's response - ANSWER --dorsiflexion (splaying) of toes
-abnormal plantae reflex response if over 18 months
stridor - ANSWER --Harsh or high-pitched respiratory sound, swelling, fb in upper airway.
Croup is an example
Snoring - ANSWER --The sound of the soft tissue of the upper airway creating a partial
obstruction of air flow. The tongue blocking the airway is an example.
gurgling - ANSWER --indicates presence of fluid in the upper airway, need for suctioning
Decorticate - ANSWER --elbows and hands flexed, and legs flexed. They are internally
rotated (the lets look bowlegged) (make an O with their arms: corticate)
mydriasis - ANSWER --dilation of the pupil. Appears in cardiac arrest, shock, cerebral
hypoxia, cocaine, epinephrine, and amphetamines.
Miosis - ANSWER --Constricted pupils. Narcotics, CNS disorder, glaucoma medication,
bright light
,anisocoria - ANSWER --unequal pupil size that may indicate serious neurologic
dysfunction
nystagmus - ANSWER --involuntary rapid eye movements - often reported as horizontal,
vertical, or rotary
subcutaneous emphysema - ANSWER --Air under the skin; crepitus sound
rales (crackles) - ANSWER --Fluid in small airways (aveoli). Common in CHF, pulonary
edema, drowning, pneumonia, and COPD
Rhonchi - ANSWER --Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with chronic
mucus in the upper airways. Found in Bronchitus, COPD, and pneumonia.
Kussmaul respirations - ANSWER --very deep and rapid respirations. Example: DKA
Hyperresonant - ANSWER --tension pneumothorax, emphysema, asthma
resonant - ANSWER --echoing normal sound
right upper quadrant - ANSWER --Liver, gallbladder, and stomach
Right Lower Quadrant - ANSWER --Appendix, right ovary, and tube. Bladder if distended
Left Upper Quadrant - ANSWER --Spleen, stomach, liver, and pancreas
, left lower quadrant - ANSWER --Left ovary and tube. Bladder if distended
Visceral Pain - ANSWER --Internal organs damaged or injured. Vague, not well organized,
pressure like, or dull aching, can't point to pain with one finger. Hollow organs stretches,
ischemia, inflammation.
somatic pain - ANSWER --Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints.
Peritoneal linining sharp, localized, throbbing, deep breath increases pain
Cullen's sign - ANSWER --ecchymosis in umbilical area, seen with pancreatitis. aka
bleeding in abdominal cavity
Grey Turner's Sign (ecchymosis in flank area) - ANSWER --Chronic hemorrhagic from
kidneys and pancreatitis
Wheezing - ANSWER --The production of whistling sounds during expiration such as
occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis.
Bronchial lung sounds - ANSWER --heard over trachea/upper sternum; expiratory sound
predominates; is higher pitched and louder; if heard in other locations it indicates consolidation
-- a space that usually contains air now has fluid
Bronchovesicular - ANSWER --Heard over scapula and 2/3rd intercostal space lateral to
sternum.
Apneustic breathing - ANSWER --Characterized by prolonged inspirations unrelieved by
attempts to exhale, which indicates trauma to the pons. AKA long, deep breaths that are
stopped during inspirations then periods of apnea.
