IAAP CPACC CERTIFICATION PRACTICE
PAPER 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS
ACCURATE KEY
● Social Model. Answer: views disability as a socially created problem,
a matter of the full integration of individuals into society. Disability is a
complex collection of conditions, many of which are created by the
social environment.
~ social action
~ society needs to make environmental modifications
~ cultural and ideological
~ large-scale cultural change
~ equal access as a human rights issue
Strenghts: Focuses on disabling conditions in the environment and
makes clear they are not solely a characteristic of individual's "broken"
body. Encourages design to accommodate a wide range of human
characteristics and abilities
Weaknesses: downplays the embodied aspects of disabilities too much,
push for social justice puts activitists at odds with other political
interests, antagonizes relationships, creates resolute political adversaries.
, ● Economic Model. Answer: Defines disability by a person's inability to
work. Assesses degree to which impairment affect's individual
productivity and economic consequences for individual, employer, and
state.
~ loss of earnings for/payment for assistance by individual
~ lower profit margins for employer
~ State welfare payments
Strengths: recognizes the affect of bodily limitations on a person's ability
to work and for economic support and/or accommodation
Weaknesses: creates a legally-defined category of people who are
"needy", stigmatizing for people with disabilities, if individual's do not
meet legal threshold may not receive needed support
● Functional Solutions Model. Answer: practical perspective that
identifies limitations ("functional impairments") due to disability, intent
to create and promote solutions to overcome limitations.
~ eliminate/reduce impact of functional limitations
~ deemphasizes sociopolitical aspects
~ prioritizes inventiveness and entrepreneurship
Strengths: results-oriented, seeks to provide solutions to real-world
challenges, side steps convoluted sociopolitical implications of disability
PAPER 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS
ACCURATE KEY
● Social Model. Answer: views disability as a socially created problem,
a matter of the full integration of individuals into society. Disability is a
complex collection of conditions, many of which are created by the
social environment.
~ social action
~ society needs to make environmental modifications
~ cultural and ideological
~ large-scale cultural change
~ equal access as a human rights issue
Strenghts: Focuses on disabling conditions in the environment and
makes clear they are not solely a characteristic of individual's "broken"
body. Encourages design to accommodate a wide range of human
characteristics and abilities
Weaknesses: downplays the embodied aspects of disabilities too much,
push for social justice puts activitists at odds with other political
interests, antagonizes relationships, creates resolute political adversaries.
, ● Economic Model. Answer: Defines disability by a person's inability to
work. Assesses degree to which impairment affect's individual
productivity and economic consequences for individual, employer, and
state.
~ loss of earnings for/payment for assistance by individual
~ lower profit margins for employer
~ State welfare payments
Strengths: recognizes the affect of bodily limitations on a person's ability
to work and for economic support and/or accommodation
Weaknesses: creates a legally-defined category of people who are
"needy", stigmatizing for people with disabilities, if individual's do not
meet legal threshold may not receive needed support
● Functional Solutions Model. Answer: practical perspective that
identifies limitations ("functional impairments") due to disability, intent
to create and promote solutions to overcome limitations.
~ eliminate/reduce impact of functional limitations
~ deemphasizes sociopolitical aspects
~ prioritizes inventiveness and entrepreneurship
Strengths: results-oriented, seeks to provide solutions to real-world
challenges, side steps convoluted sociopolitical implications of disability
