ATI Medical-Surgical 2 Final Exam 2026 (ATI Book Q&A) |
Latest Update 2026 | 100% Verified Answers | Real Exam
Prep
1. Why is it important for patients with peripheral vascular disease to keep the
area between their toes dry?
To improve circulation to the toes.
To enhance the absorption of topical medications.
To prevent fungal infections and skin breakdown.
To maintain moisture for skin health.
2. Which skin characteristics are commonly associated with severe peripheral
venous disease?
Pale; Smooth
Thick, tough; Brown pigmented
Red and inflamed; Hairy
Thin, scaly; Moist
3. A patient with severe peripheral arterial disease reports discomfort and
coldness in their legs at night. Based on this, what nursing intervention would
be most appropriate?
Suggest wearing tight socks to keep their legs warm.
Recommend using a heating pad on their legs at night.
Advise the patient to elevate their legs while sleeping.
Encourage the patient to sleep with their legs in a dependent
position.
,4. A client with stage 3 HIV disease is preparing a meal. They have raw spinach
and carrots. What should the nurse advise the client to do to ensure food
safety?
Eat both raw without any preparation
Wash the spinach and carrots and eat them raw
Cook the spinach and carrots before eating them
Only eat the carrots raw and cook the spinach
5. What are the expected skin changes in a patient with peripheral arterial
disease when the limbs are elevated?
Pallor on elevation of the limbs
Ulceration around the medial malleoli
Edema around ankles and feet
Scaling edema of the lower legs with stasis dermatitis
6. Why is it critical for the nurse to assess the client with peptic ulcer disease
who is vomiting blood before the others?
Vomiting blood indicates a potential life-threatening condition
requiring immediate intervention.
Perineal discomfort is less urgent than other conditions.
Petechiae indicate a need for monitoring but are not immediately life-
threatening.
A hematocrit of 18% suggests the need for a blood transfusion.
7. Why is walking recommended for clients with peripheral arterial disease?
Walking is not necessary for managing peripheral arterial disease.
, Walking can cause further damage to the arteries.
Walking should be avoided to prevent foot injuries.
Walking helps improve circulation and promotes vascular health.
8. What is the recommended duration for applying cold packs to an affected
area in a client with hemophilia A experiencing hemarthrosis?
1 to 2 hours
12 to 24 hours
24 to 48 hours
48 to 72 hours
9. A nurse is caring for a client with venous stasis who asks why the lower
extremities have a brown appearance. Which response by the nurse is best?
"Your subcutaneous fat is necrotic due to poor tissue oxygenation."
"Your skin is atrophied because of lack of circulation."
"The breakdown products of red blood cells collect in the
congested tissues."
"Your legs are inflamed from the immune response and poor
circulation."
10. Which client would the nurse assess first?
Venous stasis ulcer complaining of pain 5 out of 10
Arterial occlusive disease who cannot move their foot at all
Deep vein thrombosis denying calf pain
Pt c/o dull, aching muscle
, 11. What is the recommended frequency for assessing the leg dressing of a
client who has undergone a right femoral-popliteal bypass?
Every four hours
Once a day
Every hour
Every eight hours
12. The RN started her shift in the Emergency Department and is assigned four
clients. Which client would the nurse evaluate first?
A patient who is in the ED in need of a beta-blocker prescription
refill.
A patient who presents with new-onset confusion with clammy skin.
A client with bradycarda HR 52 who is asymptomatic.
A client with chronic hypertension complaining of increasing fatigue.
13. Describe the role of antiplatelet medications in the management of
peripheral arterial disease.
Antiplatelet medications are used to lower blood pressure in patients
with PAD.
Antiplatelet medications are primarily used to treat infections in PAD
patients.
Antiplatelet medications, such as Aspirin and Clopidogrel, help
prevent blood clots, reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in
patients with PAD.
Antiplatelet medications are not recommended for patients with PAD.
Latest Update 2026 | 100% Verified Answers | Real Exam
Prep
1. Why is it important for patients with peripheral vascular disease to keep the
area between their toes dry?
To improve circulation to the toes.
To enhance the absorption of topical medications.
To prevent fungal infections and skin breakdown.
To maintain moisture for skin health.
2. Which skin characteristics are commonly associated with severe peripheral
venous disease?
Pale; Smooth
Thick, tough; Brown pigmented
Red and inflamed; Hairy
Thin, scaly; Moist
3. A patient with severe peripheral arterial disease reports discomfort and
coldness in their legs at night. Based on this, what nursing intervention would
be most appropriate?
Suggest wearing tight socks to keep their legs warm.
Recommend using a heating pad on their legs at night.
Advise the patient to elevate their legs while sleeping.
Encourage the patient to sleep with their legs in a dependent
position.
,4. A client with stage 3 HIV disease is preparing a meal. They have raw spinach
and carrots. What should the nurse advise the client to do to ensure food
safety?
Eat both raw without any preparation
Wash the spinach and carrots and eat them raw
Cook the spinach and carrots before eating them
Only eat the carrots raw and cook the spinach
5. What are the expected skin changes in a patient with peripheral arterial
disease when the limbs are elevated?
Pallor on elevation of the limbs
Ulceration around the medial malleoli
Edema around ankles and feet
Scaling edema of the lower legs with stasis dermatitis
6. Why is it critical for the nurse to assess the client with peptic ulcer disease
who is vomiting blood before the others?
Vomiting blood indicates a potential life-threatening condition
requiring immediate intervention.
Perineal discomfort is less urgent than other conditions.
Petechiae indicate a need for monitoring but are not immediately life-
threatening.
A hematocrit of 18% suggests the need for a blood transfusion.
7. Why is walking recommended for clients with peripheral arterial disease?
Walking is not necessary for managing peripheral arterial disease.
, Walking can cause further damage to the arteries.
Walking should be avoided to prevent foot injuries.
Walking helps improve circulation and promotes vascular health.
8. What is the recommended duration for applying cold packs to an affected
area in a client with hemophilia A experiencing hemarthrosis?
1 to 2 hours
12 to 24 hours
24 to 48 hours
48 to 72 hours
9. A nurse is caring for a client with venous stasis who asks why the lower
extremities have a brown appearance. Which response by the nurse is best?
"Your subcutaneous fat is necrotic due to poor tissue oxygenation."
"Your skin is atrophied because of lack of circulation."
"The breakdown products of red blood cells collect in the
congested tissues."
"Your legs are inflamed from the immune response and poor
circulation."
10. Which client would the nurse assess first?
Venous stasis ulcer complaining of pain 5 out of 10
Arterial occlusive disease who cannot move their foot at all
Deep vein thrombosis denying calf pain
Pt c/o dull, aching muscle
, 11. What is the recommended frequency for assessing the leg dressing of a
client who has undergone a right femoral-popliteal bypass?
Every four hours
Once a day
Every hour
Every eight hours
12. The RN started her shift in the Emergency Department and is assigned four
clients. Which client would the nurse evaluate first?
A patient who is in the ED in need of a beta-blocker prescription
refill.
A patient who presents with new-onset confusion with clammy skin.
A client with bradycarda HR 52 who is asymptomatic.
A client with chronic hypertension complaining of increasing fatigue.
13. Describe the role of antiplatelet medications in the management of
peripheral arterial disease.
Antiplatelet medications are used to lower blood pressure in patients
with PAD.
Antiplatelet medications are primarily used to treat infections in PAD
patients.
Antiplatelet medications, such as Aspirin and Clopidogrel, help
prevent blood clots, reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in
patients with PAD.
Antiplatelet medications are not recommended for patients with PAD.
