COUN 533 Midterm Exam Review Questions
With Correct Answers
What does it mean for a counseling approach to be phenomenological? -
ANSWER experiences are important but what we make of them is more
important. Our perception of events is more important than event
Common Therapeutic Factors - ANSWER Client factors not specific to any
theoretical orientation
Culturally appropriate explanation/myth
A healing setting
advice/education
An emotionally charged relationship bond between therapist and client
Catharsis or emotional expression
Exposure to feared stimuli
Feedback from therapist
Insight into one's problems
Positive experience (hope)
Working alliance
Therapist credibility
Trust in therapist
4 Soapbox Suggestions - ANSWER Commit to a 3-year action plan to develop
your own theoretical orientation
Remember eclecticism requires expertise in multiple approaches
Do not confuse the theory with the theorist
Choose an area of specialization and commit to creating a 3-year action plan to
become proficient in that area
Sequence of Freud's psychosexual stages - ANSWER Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
Operas Are Pretty Lame Generally
Transference and Countertransference - ANSWER Transference - clients react
to you as if you are a person from their past and puts emotions from other
relationships on your relationship - client displacement
Countertransference - you to client
What theory did Freud put forth in the "Aetiology of Hysteria" and why and how
did he change it? - ANSWER Freud presented 18 cases of people with hysteria
, who had sexual abuse in their childhood - childhood sexual trauma leads to
symptoms of hysteria and psychoanalysis can address it
Icy reception from the audience. Could be they were uncomfortable with sexual
topics or Freud's arrogance and lack of scientific rigor
Self-exploration lead to Oedipus theory as an alternate explanation
What is the "basic rule"? - ANSWER Say whatever comes to your mind"
Also called free association
Minimize external stimuli, minimize internal distractions
Encouraging spontaneous talk
Freud's three components of the personality - ANSWER ID
EGO
SUPEREGO
Freud's defense mechanisms - ANSWER Automatic, unconscious, ward off
unacceptable impulses, and distort reality
Denial
Repression
Projection
Reaction Formation
Displacement
Rationalization
Regression
Sublimation
Introjection
Identification
Compensation
Defense mechanism: Denial - ANSWER refusing to believe or even perceive
painful realities usually the first defense mechanism and feeds into others
Defense Mechanism: Repression - ANSWER Putting unacceptable ideas,
thoughts, and emotions out of conscious awareness
if denial is just under the surface, this is at the ocean floor
Defense Mechanism: Projection - ANSWER Disguising one's own threatening
impulses by attributing them to others - ex: cheating partner accuses partner of
cheating
Defense Mechanism: Reaction Formation - ANSWER Switching unacceptable
impulses into their opposites
"Protest too much" ex loudly homophobic closeted gay person
Defense Mechanism: Displacement - ANSWER Shifting impulses toward a more
acceptable or less threatening object or person
With Correct Answers
What does it mean for a counseling approach to be phenomenological? -
ANSWER experiences are important but what we make of them is more
important. Our perception of events is more important than event
Common Therapeutic Factors - ANSWER Client factors not specific to any
theoretical orientation
Culturally appropriate explanation/myth
A healing setting
advice/education
An emotionally charged relationship bond between therapist and client
Catharsis or emotional expression
Exposure to feared stimuli
Feedback from therapist
Insight into one's problems
Positive experience (hope)
Working alliance
Therapist credibility
Trust in therapist
4 Soapbox Suggestions - ANSWER Commit to a 3-year action plan to develop
your own theoretical orientation
Remember eclecticism requires expertise in multiple approaches
Do not confuse the theory with the theorist
Choose an area of specialization and commit to creating a 3-year action plan to
become proficient in that area
Sequence of Freud's psychosexual stages - ANSWER Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
Operas Are Pretty Lame Generally
Transference and Countertransference - ANSWER Transference - clients react
to you as if you are a person from their past and puts emotions from other
relationships on your relationship - client displacement
Countertransference - you to client
What theory did Freud put forth in the "Aetiology of Hysteria" and why and how
did he change it? - ANSWER Freud presented 18 cases of people with hysteria
, who had sexual abuse in their childhood - childhood sexual trauma leads to
symptoms of hysteria and psychoanalysis can address it
Icy reception from the audience. Could be they were uncomfortable with sexual
topics or Freud's arrogance and lack of scientific rigor
Self-exploration lead to Oedipus theory as an alternate explanation
What is the "basic rule"? - ANSWER Say whatever comes to your mind"
Also called free association
Minimize external stimuli, minimize internal distractions
Encouraging spontaneous talk
Freud's three components of the personality - ANSWER ID
EGO
SUPEREGO
Freud's defense mechanisms - ANSWER Automatic, unconscious, ward off
unacceptable impulses, and distort reality
Denial
Repression
Projection
Reaction Formation
Displacement
Rationalization
Regression
Sublimation
Introjection
Identification
Compensation
Defense mechanism: Denial - ANSWER refusing to believe or even perceive
painful realities usually the first defense mechanism and feeds into others
Defense Mechanism: Repression - ANSWER Putting unacceptable ideas,
thoughts, and emotions out of conscious awareness
if denial is just under the surface, this is at the ocean floor
Defense Mechanism: Projection - ANSWER Disguising one's own threatening
impulses by attributing them to others - ex: cheating partner accuses partner of
cheating
Defense Mechanism: Reaction Formation - ANSWER Switching unacceptable
impulses into their opposites
"Protest too much" ex loudly homophobic closeted gay person
Defense Mechanism: Displacement - ANSWER Shifting impulses toward a more
acceptable or less threatening object or person
