NUR 242 Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 2 – 500+ Questions & Answers on Fluid Balance, Electrolytes, Acid-Base Disorders & Nursing Interventions – Galen College of Nursing

This document provides a comprehensive and in-depth collection of over 500 exam-style questions and verified answers with rationales for NUR 242: Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam 2 at Galen College of Nursing. It focuses on core nursing concepts including fluid balance, electrolyte imbalances, and acid-base disorders, emphasizing clinical assessment and intervention strategies. Based on the full 27-page document , the material is structured in a detailed Q&A format with rationales to enhance clinical reasoning. Early sections (pages 1–4) focus on fluid imbalances, including fluid overload (e.g., caused by heart failure or kidney disease) and dehydration, with detailed signs such as JVD, crackles, hypotension, and lab findings like serum osmolality changes. Mid-sections (pages 7–15) provide extensive coverage of electrolyte disorders including calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium imbalances, along with hallmark symptoms (e.g., tetany in hypocalcemia, peaked T waves in hyperkalemia) and ECG changes. The document also outlines targeted nursing interventions such as IV fluid replacement, electrolyte correction, cardiac monitoring, and medication administration (e.g., furosemide, calcium gluconate). Later sections (pages 18–27) expand into acid-base imbalances, including metabolic and respiratory acidosis/alkalosis, with clear breakdowns of causes (e.g., DKA, COPD, vomiting), ABG interpretations (pH, PaCO₂, HCO₃), and nursing management strategies. The guide emphasizes high-yield clinical priorities such as airway management, seizure precautions, and monitoring for life-threatening complications like dysrhythmias and coma. Rationales throughout the document reinforce understanding of “why” behind interventions, making it especially valuable for exam success and real-world patient care. This resource aligns with standard textbooks such as Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing and NCLEX-RN preparation materials. It is particularly valuable for mastering both theoretical knowledge and clinical application required in medical-surgical nursing. This document is highly relevant for courses and programs such as: NUR 242 Medical-Surgical Nursing Nursing (ADN, BSN) Pathophysiology for Nurses Pharmacology for Nursing Clinical Nursing Practice It is especially suitable for: Nursing students preparing for Exam 2 NCLEX-RN candidates Medical-surgical nursing students Healthcare trainees needing electrolyte and fluid balance mastery Keywords: fluid overload nursing, dehydration assessment nursing, electrolyte imbalance calcium potassium sodium magnesium, hyperkalemia ECG peaked T waves, hypokalemia symptoms nursing, hypernatremia hyponatremia causes, ABG interpretation nursing, metabolic acidosis alkalosis, respiratory acidosis alkalosis, serum osmolality nursing, IV fluid replacement nursing, furosemide calcium gluconate nursing, cardiac dysrhythmias electrolyte imbalance, nursing interventions fluid balance