Praxis 5355 Special Education
Foundational Knowledge Updated
Questions And Answers With 100%
Correct Answers Graded A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act). ANSWER - The Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act is a piece of American legislation that ensures students with a
disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public Education that is tailored to their
individual needs.
FAPE (Free Appropriate Public Education). ANSWER - The right to a Free Appropriate
Public Education is an educational entitlement of all students in the United States who are
identified as having a disability, guaranteed by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.
LRE (Least Restrictive Environment). ANSWER - Least restrictive environment (LRE)
means kids who get special education should be in the same classrooms as other kids as
much as possible. LRE isn't a place — it's a principle that guides a child's education
program. The LRE for each child may look different because kids are unique.
IFSP - Individualized Family Service Plan. ANSWER - For education in the United
States, an Individualized Family Service Plan is a plan to obtain special education services
for young children aged 0-3 years within U.S. public schools.
The Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) is a written document that outlines the
early intervention services that a child will receive when s/he is eligible for early childhood
special education services.
IEP - Individualized Education Program. ANSWER - The IEP is a legal document that
describes the child's needs and the services to be provided by the school district that will
best meet those needs. The IEP is an educational plan that: Describes the child's skills and
areas of need. Identifies educational goals to focus on during the year.
,FM - Personal Frequency-Modulated System. ANSWER - Used to help someone with
hearing loss listen in noisy places, ie. a classroom
Generally a microphone attaches to the teacher, then a receiving device for the student
("boot" attached to hearing aid or cochlear implant, desktop speaker, speakers around the
classroom, other device worn on ear)
PLAAFP. ANSWER - Present Levels or Academic Achievement and Functional
Performance
Paraprofessional. ANSWER - A teacher assistant, teacher aide, or paraeducator
Parent. ANSWER - A biological parent, legal guardian, surrogate, adoptive parent, or
foster parent
ADHD - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ANSWER - a psychological disorder
marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme
inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
EBD - Emotional disturbance and/or emotional behavioral disorder. ANSWER - Exhibits
inappropriate types of behaviors or feelings under normal circumstances
refers to a condition in which behavioral or emotional responses of an individual in school
are so different from his/her generally accepted, age appropriate, ethnic or cultural norms
that they adversely affect performance in such areas as self care, social relationships,
personal relationships
OHI - Other Health Impairment. ANSWER - a general disability category under IDEA
that includes cancer, diabetes and severe ADD
ASD - Autism Spectrum Disorder. ANSWER - a disorder that appears in childhood and is
marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly
fixated interests and repetitive behaviors
MD (Multiple Disabilities). ANSWER - Combination of impairments which cause severe
educational needs of the student.
,SLD - Specific learning disability. ANSWER - means a disorder in one or more of the basic
psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written,
that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or
to do mathematical calculations
Dyslexia. ANSWER - Dyslexia is a term that refers to difficulty in acquiring and
processing language that is typically manifested by the lack or proficiency in reading,
spelling and writing. People with dyslexia have difficulty connecting letters they see on a
page with the sounds they make. As a result, reading becomes slow and effortful and is not
a fluent process for them.
Problems in reading begin even before learning to read. For example, children may have
trouble breaking down spoken words into syllables and recognizing words that rhyme.
Kindergarten-age children may not be able to recognize and write letters as well as their
peers. People with dyslexia may have difficulty with accuracy and spelling as well. It's a
common misconception that all children with dyslexia write letters backwards or those who
write letters backwards all have dyslexia.
People with dyslexia, including adolescents and adults, often try to avoid activities
involving reading when they can (reading for pleasure, reading instructions). They often
gravitate to other mediums such as pictures, video, or audio.
Dysgraphia. ANSWER - Dysgraphia is a term used to describe difficulties with putting
one's thoughts on to paper. Problems with writing can include difficulties with spelling,
grammar, punctuation, and handwriting.
Dyscalculia. ANSWER - Dyscalculia is a term used to describe difficulties learning number
related concepts or using the symbols and functions to perform math calculations.
Problems with math can include difficulties with number sense, memorizing math facts,
math calculations, math reasoning and math problem solving.
Auditory Processing Disorder. ANSWER - Processing or interpretation of sound in the
brain
Difficulty making sense of sounds
Problems with blocking out background noise
Trouble telling where sound is coming from
Language Processing Disorder. ANSWER - Affects language processing skills
Difficulty understanding meaning of spoken language
Poor reading comprehension
Problems with verbal expression
, Nonverbal Learning Disabilities. ANSWER - Affects nonverbal skills such as motor,
visual-spatial, and social skills
Difficulty interpreting body language or facial expressions
Poor motor coordination
Trouble with multi-step instructions
Visual Perceptual/Visual Motor Deficit. ANSWER - Affects interpreting visual
information or drawing
Mistakes in writing, such as reversing letters
Too-tight grip on pencil or other writing tool
Poor hand/eye coordination
Dysmetria. ANSWER - The inability to control the distance, speed, and range of motion
necessary to perform smoothly coordinated movements. Dysmetria is a sign of cerebellar
damage, and often presents along with additional signs, such as loss of balance and poor
coordination of walking, speech, and eye movements.
Dyspraxia. ANSWER - A common disorder that affects movement and coordination.
Dyspraxia does not affect your intelligence. It can affect your coordination skills - such as
tasks requiring balance, playing sports or learning to drive a car.
TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury). ANSWER - Brain dysfunction caused by an outside force,
usually a violent blow to the head.
Traumatic brain injury often occurs as a result of a severe sports injury or car accident.
Immediate or delayed symptoms may include confusion, blurry vision, and concentration
difficulty.
The continuum of placements, from least restrictive to most restrictive. ANSWER -
regular classes, special schools, home instruction, and instruction in hospitals.
ABI (Acquired Brain Injury). ANSWER - Often referred to as an acquired brain injury, a
non-traumatic brain injury causes damage to the brain by internal factors, such as a lack of
oxygen, exposure to toxins, pressure from a tumor, etc. Examples of NTBI include:
Stroke
Near-drowning
Aneurysm
Foundational Knowledge Updated
Questions And Answers With 100%
Correct Answers Graded A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act). ANSWER - The Individuals with
Disabilities Education Act is a piece of American legislation that ensures students with a
disability are provided with a Free Appropriate Public Education that is tailored to their
individual needs.
FAPE (Free Appropriate Public Education). ANSWER - The right to a Free Appropriate
Public Education is an educational entitlement of all students in the United States who are
identified as having a disability, guaranteed by the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.
LRE (Least Restrictive Environment). ANSWER - Least restrictive environment (LRE)
means kids who get special education should be in the same classrooms as other kids as
much as possible. LRE isn't a place — it's a principle that guides a child's education
program. The LRE for each child may look different because kids are unique.
IFSP - Individualized Family Service Plan. ANSWER - For education in the United
States, an Individualized Family Service Plan is a plan to obtain special education services
for young children aged 0-3 years within U.S. public schools.
The Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) is a written document that outlines the
early intervention services that a child will receive when s/he is eligible for early childhood
special education services.
IEP - Individualized Education Program. ANSWER - The IEP is a legal document that
describes the child's needs and the services to be provided by the school district that will
best meet those needs. The IEP is an educational plan that: Describes the child's skills and
areas of need. Identifies educational goals to focus on during the year.
,FM - Personal Frequency-Modulated System. ANSWER - Used to help someone with
hearing loss listen in noisy places, ie. a classroom
Generally a microphone attaches to the teacher, then a receiving device for the student
("boot" attached to hearing aid or cochlear implant, desktop speaker, speakers around the
classroom, other device worn on ear)
PLAAFP. ANSWER - Present Levels or Academic Achievement and Functional
Performance
Paraprofessional. ANSWER - A teacher assistant, teacher aide, or paraeducator
Parent. ANSWER - A biological parent, legal guardian, surrogate, adoptive parent, or
foster parent
ADHD - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ANSWER - a psychological disorder
marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme
inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
EBD - Emotional disturbance and/or emotional behavioral disorder. ANSWER - Exhibits
inappropriate types of behaviors or feelings under normal circumstances
refers to a condition in which behavioral or emotional responses of an individual in school
are so different from his/her generally accepted, age appropriate, ethnic or cultural norms
that they adversely affect performance in such areas as self care, social relationships,
personal relationships
OHI - Other Health Impairment. ANSWER - a general disability category under IDEA
that includes cancer, diabetes and severe ADD
ASD - Autism Spectrum Disorder. ANSWER - a disorder that appears in childhood and is
marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly
fixated interests and repetitive behaviors
MD (Multiple Disabilities). ANSWER - Combination of impairments which cause severe
educational needs of the student.
,SLD - Specific learning disability. ANSWER - means a disorder in one or more of the basic
psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written,
that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or
to do mathematical calculations
Dyslexia. ANSWER - Dyslexia is a term that refers to difficulty in acquiring and
processing language that is typically manifested by the lack or proficiency in reading,
spelling and writing. People with dyslexia have difficulty connecting letters they see on a
page with the sounds they make. As a result, reading becomes slow and effortful and is not
a fluent process for them.
Problems in reading begin even before learning to read. For example, children may have
trouble breaking down spoken words into syllables and recognizing words that rhyme.
Kindergarten-age children may not be able to recognize and write letters as well as their
peers. People with dyslexia may have difficulty with accuracy and spelling as well. It's a
common misconception that all children with dyslexia write letters backwards or those who
write letters backwards all have dyslexia.
People with dyslexia, including adolescents and adults, often try to avoid activities
involving reading when they can (reading for pleasure, reading instructions). They often
gravitate to other mediums such as pictures, video, or audio.
Dysgraphia. ANSWER - Dysgraphia is a term used to describe difficulties with putting
one's thoughts on to paper. Problems with writing can include difficulties with spelling,
grammar, punctuation, and handwriting.
Dyscalculia. ANSWER - Dyscalculia is a term used to describe difficulties learning number
related concepts or using the symbols and functions to perform math calculations.
Problems with math can include difficulties with number sense, memorizing math facts,
math calculations, math reasoning and math problem solving.
Auditory Processing Disorder. ANSWER - Processing or interpretation of sound in the
brain
Difficulty making sense of sounds
Problems with blocking out background noise
Trouble telling where sound is coming from
Language Processing Disorder. ANSWER - Affects language processing skills
Difficulty understanding meaning of spoken language
Poor reading comprehension
Problems with verbal expression
, Nonverbal Learning Disabilities. ANSWER - Affects nonverbal skills such as motor,
visual-spatial, and social skills
Difficulty interpreting body language or facial expressions
Poor motor coordination
Trouble with multi-step instructions
Visual Perceptual/Visual Motor Deficit. ANSWER - Affects interpreting visual
information or drawing
Mistakes in writing, such as reversing letters
Too-tight grip on pencil or other writing tool
Poor hand/eye coordination
Dysmetria. ANSWER - The inability to control the distance, speed, and range of motion
necessary to perform smoothly coordinated movements. Dysmetria is a sign of cerebellar
damage, and often presents along with additional signs, such as loss of balance and poor
coordination of walking, speech, and eye movements.
Dyspraxia. ANSWER - A common disorder that affects movement and coordination.
Dyspraxia does not affect your intelligence. It can affect your coordination skills - such as
tasks requiring balance, playing sports or learning to drive a car.
TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury). ANSWER - Brain dysfunction caused by an outside force,
usually a violent blow to the head.
Traumatic brain injury often occurs as a result of a severe sports injury or car accident.
Immediate or delayed symptoms may include confusion, blurry vision, and concentration
difficulty.
The continuum of placements, from least restrictive to most restrictive. ANSWER -
regular classes, special schools, home instruction, and instruction in hospitals.
ABI (Acquired Brain Injury). ANSWER - Often referred to as an acquired brain injury, a
non-traumatic brain injury causes damage to the brain by internal factors, such as a lack of
oxygen, exposure to toxins, pressure from a tumor, etc. Examples of NTBI include:
Stroke
Near-drowning
Aneurysm
